Habakkuk 1
Habakkuk 1 | |
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← Nahum 3 | |
The beginning of Habakkuk Commentary, 1QpHab, among the Dead Sea Scrolls from the 1st century BC. | |
Book | Book of Habakkuk |
Bible part | Old Testament |
Order in the Bible part | 35 |
Category | Nevi'im |
Habakkuk 1 is the first chapter of the Book of Habakkuk in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Habakkuk, and is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[3][4] This chapter and the next form a unit, which Sweeney sees as "a report of a dialogue between the prophet and YHWH" about the fate of Judah[5] which the biblical scholars, such as F. F. Bruce, label as "the oracle of Habakkuk".[6]
Text
- The original text is written in Hebrew.
- This chapter is divided into 17 verses.
Textual version
Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:[7]
- Masoretic Text
- Codex Cairensis (895 CE)
- Aleppo Codex (10th century)
- Leningrad Codex (1008-1009)
- Dead Sea Scrolls: 1QpHab, known as the "Habakkuk Commentary" (later half of the 1st century BC)[8]
Ancient translations in Koine Greek:
- Septuagint
- Theodotion version
Structure
NKJV groups this chapter into:
- Habakkuk 1:1 = Title
- Habakkuk 1:2-4 = The Prophet’s First Question
- Habakkuk 1:5-11 = The Lord’s First Reply
- Habakkuk 1:12-17 = The Prophet’s Second Question (continuing to Habakkuk 2:1)
Verse 1
- The burden which Habakkuk the prophet did see. (KJV)[9]
This verse serves as a "superscription" for the prophecies recording in Habakkuk 1:2-2:20, whereas chapter 3 has a separate superscription in Habakkuk 3:1.[5]
- "burden", can be translated as "oracle" according to the New King James Version. It is used to open the prophecies in the Book of Nahum, Zechariah and Malachi, as well as found multiple times in the Book of Isaiah.[10]
Verse 8
- Their horses also are swifter than the leopards, and are more fierce than the evening wolves: and their horsemen shall spread themselves, and their horsemen shall come from far; they shall fly as the eagle that hasteth to eat.[11]
Verse 8 in Hebrew
- וְקַלּוּ מִנְּמֵרִים סוּסָיו וְחַדּוּ מִזְּאֵבֵי עֶרֶב וּפָשׁוּ פָּֽרָשָׁיו וּפָֽרָשָׁיו מֵרָחֹוק יָבֹאוּ יָעֻפוּ כְּנֶשֶׁר חָשׁ לֶאֱכֹֽול׃
Transliteration:
- veqalu min'merim susav vekhadu miz'evey 'erev ufasyu parasyav ufarasyav merakhoq yavou yaufu kenesyer khasy le'ekhol
Verse 8 notes
- Sweeney notes that this verse describes the "menacing Babylonian cavalry" with fast and fearsome horses as well as their skillful horsemen.[5]
- Wolves is translated from the Hebrew: זְאֵב ze'ev (scientific name: Canis lupus), in particular, "evening wolves".[12][13]
See also
References
- ↑ Collins 2014.
- ↑ Hayes 2015.
- ↑ Metzger, Bruce M., et al. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
- ↑ Keck, Leander E. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VII. Nashville: Abingdon.
- 1 2 3 Sweeney, Marvin A. The Twelve Prophets (Vol.2): Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi. Berit Olam – Studies in Hebrew Narrative & Poetry. David W. Cotter (ed.). Michael Glazier, 2000. p. 453-469. ISBN 978-0814650912
- ↑ Bruce 2009, p. 831-840.
- ↑ Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Fortress press. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7.
- ↑ Bernstein, Moshe J. "Pesher Habakkuk." Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2000, p.647
- ↑ Habakkuk 1:1
- ↑ Bruce 2009, p. 841-842.
- ↑ Habakkuk 1:8
- ↑ Brown, 1994 & "זְאֵב".
- ↑ Gesenius, 1979 & "זְאֵב".
Bibliography
- Brown, Francis; Briggs, Charles A.; Driver, S. R. (1994). The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon (reprint ed.). Hendrickson Publishers. ISBN 978-1565632066.
- Bruce, F.F. Habakkuk. In: The Minor Prophets: An Exegetical and Expository Commentary. Thomas Edward McComiskey (Ed.). Baker Academic. 2009. ISBN 978-0801036316
- Collins, John J. (2014). Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures. Fortress Press.
- Gesenius, H. W. F. (1979). Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Translated by Tregelles, Samuel Prideaux (7th ed.). Baker Book House.
- Hayes, Christine (2015). Introduction to the Bible. Yale University Press.
External links
Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
Look up Habakkuk in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
- Historic manuscripts
- The Commentary on Habakkuk Scroll, The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls, hosted by the Israel Museum, Jerusalem.
- Jewish translations
- Chavakuk – Habakkuk (Judaica Press) translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org
- Christian translations
- Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
- Habakkuk public domain audiobook at LibriVox Various versions
- Further information
- A Brief Introduction to The Prophecy of Habakkuk for Contemporary Readers (Christian Perspective)
- Introduction to the book of Habakkuk from the NIV Study Bible
- Introduction to the Book of HabakkukForward Movement Publications