HNoMS Hitra
.jpg) HNoMS Hitra entering Scalloway harbour in the Shetland Islands, June 2003 | |
| History | |
|---|---|
.svg.png){kind=small} United States | |
| Name: | SC-718 |
| Builder: | Fisher Boat Works, Detroit |
| Laid down: | 22 September 1942 |
| Launched: | 31 March 1943 |
| Commissioned: | 25 May 1943 |
| Fate: | Transferred to Royal Norwegian Navy, October 1943 |
| History | |
 Norway | |
| Name: | Hitra |
| Namesake: | Island of Hitra |
| Commissioned: | 26 October 1943 |
| Decommissioned: | 8 December 1954 |
| Fate: | Sold to civilian interests in 1958, gifted to the Royal Norwegian Navy Museum in Horten in 1981; Museum ship |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 125 tons |
| Length: | 110.6 ft (33.71 m) |
| Beam: | 18.8 ft (5.73 m) |
| Draft: | 6 ft (1.83 m) |
| Propulsion: | Two General Motors diesel engines with 1,200 hp, two shafts |
| Speed: | 20 knots (37.04 km/h) |
| Range: | 2,500 nautical miles (4,630.00 km) at 10 knots (18.52 km/h) |
| Complement: | 24 men |
| Armament: |
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| Notes: | All the above listed information, unless otherwise noted, was acquired from [1] |
HNoMS Hitra is a Royal Norwegian Navy submarine chaser that saw action during World War II. She is named after the Norwegian island of Hitra.
History
Wartime service
Hitra was originally built as a SC-497 class submarine chaser for the United States Navy. She was laid down on 22 September 1942 by the Fisher Boat Works of Detroit and launched on 31 March 1943. She was commissioned into the US Navy as USS SC-718 on 25 May 1943.[2]
In August 1943 US Admiral Harold R. Stark, commander of US Naval Forces Europe, ordered SC-718 and two other SC-class subchasers - SC-683 and SC-1061 - to be transferred to Britain. Stationed in Miami at the time, the three subchasers received top secret orders to report to Brooklyn Navy Yard where they were to await further orders. When they arrived at the Naval Yard, the vessels' commanders were ordered to warn their crews to observe strict silence about their movements and were told that the three ships had been picked for a "special purpose".[3]
The three subchasers were hoisted aboard three Liberty Ships and secured as deck cargo, SC-718 being carried by the Liberty Ship SS Willard Hall, and preparations made to transport them and their crews to an undisclosed location. It was only when the ships were under way that the crews were told that they were bound for Belfast.[3]
The ships arrived in Belfast in early October 1943, where the three subchasers were lifted back into the water, and on 14 October the three ships sailed up the Firth of Clyde to the US Naval base at Rosneath, where a group of exiled Norwegian sailors of the Shetland Bus organisation were awaiting the vessels' arrival. It was not until the three ships moored that their US crews finally learned that the purpose of their journey was to train the Norwegians in the operation of the subchasers' equipment, and that upon completion of the training they were to hand their ships over to Norwegian command. The training lasted just a week, then the transfer of command was completed.[4]
After assuming command at Rosneath, the Norwegian crews sailed their new vessels first to Derry, and then to Scalloway in Shetland, where they completed their fitting-out. The subchasers' depth charge racks, Mousetrap anti-submarine rocket launchers, and K-gun depth charge projectors were removed, and an additional set of davits were installed so that each ship could carry two boats, whose motors were equipped with specially muffled exhausts for ultra-quiet running. They also removed one of the Oerlikon 20 mm cannon from amidships and installed a 2-pounder gun aft and two cal .50 machine guns on the flying bridge. The ships were christened Hitra (SC-718), Hessa (SC-683), and Vigra (SC-1061).[2]
Hitra and her sister vessels superseded the famous fleet of civilian fishing boats that had formerly run naval operations between Shetland and Norway. During the final two years of World War II the three ships performed a total of 114 missions to occupied Norway, and apart from one incident when a Canadian aircraft fired on Hessa, the voyages were uneventful and there were no casualties.[3] For 43 of her 45 trips to Norway Hitra was under the command of Ingvald Eidsheim.
Late in the war an observer from Admiral Stark's office wrote:[5]
It would be difficult to sum up the value of these three craft in their contribution to the [Allies]. Hundreds of tons of stores and supplies have been delivered to Resistance groups. An enemy plane has been shot down. Countless agents have been taken in and out and great numbers of marooned allied airmen, including Americans, have been helped to evade the Gestapo. Despite very heavy weather the ships have required minimum repairs.
Postwar
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After the war Hitra performed coast guard duties until 1953. All three submarine chasers were mothballed at Marvika and formally decommissioned in 1959.
She seemingly ended her days in Karlskrona, Sweden when she sank after someone had opened the bottom valves. It was not until 1981, when the Soviet submarine U 137 (Whiskey on the rocks) ran aground, that S. Moen, the director of the Royal Norwegian Navy Museum in Horten saw the abandoned Hitra in a newspaper image. Subsequently, she was raised and shipped back to Norway, where she was restored to her original condition in 1983-1987.[6]
Today, while still under naval command, Hitra is a museum ship home ported at Haakonsvern, Bergen, touring the Norwegian coast in the summer months.[6]
Notes
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to HNoMS Hitra. |
References
- Abelsen, Frank (1986). Norwegian naval ships 1939-1945 (in Norwegian and English). Oslo: Sem & Stenersen AS. ISBN 82-7046-050-8.
- Treadwell, Theodore R. (2000). Splinter Fleet: The Wooden Subchasers of World War II. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-817-8.