HIP 100963

HIP 100963
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Vulpecula
Right ascension 20h 28m 11.81471s[1]
Declination +22° 07′ 44.3723″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) +7.088[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type G5[3]
B−V color index +0.65[2]
V−R color index +0.39[2]
R−I color index +0.3[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−1.6[4] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −23.90[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −243.96[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)35.42 ± 0.59[1] mas
Distance92 ± 2 ly
(28.2 ± 0.5 pc)
Details
Mass0.998 ± 0.006[5] M☉
Luminosity0.968 ± 0.043[5] L☉
Temperature5,779 ± 50[5] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.002[5] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)2.39[6] km/s
Age2.01–3.80[5] Gyr
Other designations
BD+21 4221, HD 195034, LTT 15980, NLTT 49310, PPM 111203, SAO 88711.[2]
Database references
SIMBADdata

HIP 100963 is a G-type star in the faint northern constellation of Vulpecula[2] resembling the Sun. It has an apparent visual magnitude of approximately 7.1,[2] making it generally too faint to be seen with the naked eye in most circumstances. The distance to this star, as determined using parallax measurements from the Hipparcos mission, is around 92 light-years (28 parsecs).[1]

This star has a stellar classification of G5,[2] making it a G-type star with an undetermined luminosity class. It has similar mass, temperature and chemical abundance to the Sun and was called a solar twin in a 2009 study, although its lithium abundance is three to four times that of the Sun and it is much younger. This lithium excess suggests that the star has a younger age of between 2.01 and 3.80 billion years, compared to the previous estimate of 5.13+0.00
−2.99 Ga from a 2007 study.[5]










Sun comparison

This chart compares the sun to HIP 100963/HP 195034.

Identifier J2000 Coordinates Distance
(ly)		 Stellar
Class		 Temperature
(K)		 Metallicity
(dex)		 Age
(Gyr)		 Notes
Right ascension Declination
HD 195034 [7] 20h 28m 11.8s +22° 07′ 44″ 92 G5 5,779 −0.002 2.9 [8]
Sun — — 0.00 G2V 5,778 +0.00 4.6 [9]

To date no solar twin with an exact match as that of the Sun has been found, however, there are some stars that come very close to being identical to that of the Sun, and are such considered solar twins by the majority of the public. An exact solar twin would be a G2V star with a 5,778K temperature, be 4.6 billion years old, with the correct metallicity and a 0.1% solar luminosity variation.[10] Stars with an age of 4.6 billion years are at the most stable state. Proper metallicity and size are also very important to low luminosity variation. [11][12][13]

Morgan-Keenan spectral classification of stars. Most common star type in the universe are M-dwarfs, 76%. The sun is a 4.6 billion year-old G-class (G2V) star and is more massive than 95% of all stars. Only 7.6% are G-class stars

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, arXiv:0708.1752 Freely accessible, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 LTT 15980 -- High proper-motion Star, database entry, SIMBAD. Accessed on line May 23, 2016.
  3. ↑ White, Russel J.; Gabor, Jared M.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (June 2007), "High-Dispersion Optical Spectra of Nearby Stars Younger Than the Sun", The Astronomical Journal, 133 (6): 2524–2536, Bibcode:2007AJ....133.2524W, arXiv:0706.0542 Freely accessible, doi:10.1086/514336
  4. ↑ Nordström, B.; et al. (May 2004). "The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of ˜14 000 F and G dwarfs". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 418 (3): 989–1019. Bibcode:2004A&A...418..989N. arXiv:astro-ph/0405198 Freely accessible. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035959.. See the Vizier entry for this star.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Do Nascimento, J. D., Jr.; et al. (July 2009). "Age and mass of solar twins constrained by lithium abundance". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 501 (2): 687–694. Bibcode:2009A&A...501..687D. arXiv:0904.3580 Freely accessible. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911935.
  6. ↑ Takeda, Y.; et al. (June 2010), "Behavior of Li abundances in solar-analog stars. II. Evidence of the connection with rotation and stellar activity", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 515: A93, Bibcode:2010A&A...515A..93T, arXiv:1003.1564 Freely accessible, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913897
  7. ↑ HD 195034 at SIMBAD - Ids - Bibliography - Image.
  8. ↑ Takeda, Yoichi; Tajitsu, Akito (2009). "High-Dispersion Spectroscopic Study of Solar Twins: HIP 56948, HIP 79672, and HIP 100963". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 61 (3): 471–478. Bibcode:2009PASJ...61..471T. arXiv:0901.2509 Freely accessible. doi:10.1093/pasj/61.3.471.
  9. ↑ Williams, D.R. (2004). "Sun Fact Sheet". NASA. Retrieved 2009-06-23.
  10. ↑ NASA, Science News, Solar Variability and Terrestrial Climate, Jan. 8, 2013
  11. ↑ University of Nebraska-Lincoln astronomy education group, Stellar Luminosity Calculator
  12. ↑ National Center for Atmospheric Research, The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate, 2012 Report
  13. ↑ Most of Earth’s twins aren’t identical, or even close!, by Ethan on June 5, 2013
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