26P/Grigg–Skjellerup

26P/Grigg–Skjellerup
Discovery
Discovered by John Grigg and John Francis Skjellerup
Discovery date 1902 and 1922
Alternative
designations		 1808 C1; 1808 III;
1902 O1; 1902 II;
1902c; 1922 K1;
1922 I; 1922b;
1927 F1; 1927 V;
1927e; 1932 II;
1932d; 1937 III;
1937e; 1942 V;
1942d; 1947 II;
1947a; 1952 IV;
1952b; 1957 I;
1956i; 1961 IX;
1961g; 1967 I;
1966f; 1972 II;
1972b; 1977 VI;
1977b; 1982 IV;
1982a; 1987 X;
1986m; 1992 XVIII
Orbital characteristics A
Epoch April 10, 2007 (JD 2454200.5)
Aphelion 4.9332 AU
Perihelion 1.1168 AU
Semi-major axis 3.0437 AU
Eccentricity 0.6631
Orbital period 5.31 a
Inclination 22.36°
Earth MOID 0.079 AU (11,800,000 km)[1]
Last perihelion July 6, 2013[2][3]
March 23, 2008
Next perihelion 2018-Oct-01[4]

Comet Grigg–Skjellerup (formally designated 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup) is a periodic comet. It was visited by the Giotto probe in July 1992.[5] It came as close as 200 km, but could not take pictures because some instruments were damaged from its encounter with Halley's Comet.[5]

Discovered in 1902 by John Grigg of New Zealand, and rediscovered in its next appearance in 1922 by John Francis Skjellerup, an Australian then living and working for about two decades in South Africa where he was a founder member of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa.

In 1987, it was belatedly discovered by Ľubor Kresák that the comet had been observed in 1808 as well, by Jean-Louis Pons.

The comet has often suffered the gravitational influence of Jupiter, which has altered its orbit considerably. For instance, its perihelion distance has changed from 0.77 AU in 1725 to 0.89 AU in 1922 to 0.99 AU in 1977 and to 1.12 AU in 1999.

Having its recent perihelion so close to Earth's orbit made it an easy target to reach for the Giotto mission (spacecraft) in 1992, whose primary mission was to Comet Halley. Giotto had a closest approach to Grigg–Skjellerup of 200 km, much closer than its approach to Comet Halley, but was unable to obtain images as its camera was destroyed during the Halley rendezvous in 1986.

In 1972 the comet was discovered to produce a meteor shower, the Pi Puppids, and its current orbit makes them peak around April 23, for observers in the southern hemisphere, best seen when the comet is near perihelion.

The 2002 return (expected perihelion around October 8, 2002) was very unfavorable and no observations were reported.

The comet is portrayed in the 2015 book Seveneves by Neal Stephenson, in which it is mined for its water.

The comet nucleus is estimated to be 2.6 kilometers in diameter.[1]

The comet is a type locality for the mineral brownleeite.[6][7]


References

  1. 1 2 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup" (2008-08-07 last obs). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2010-02-25.
  2. ↑ Syuichi Nakano (2010-04-08). "26P/Grigg-Skjellerup (NK 1908)". OAA Computing and Minor Planet Sections. Retrieved 2012-02-18.
  3. ↑ 26P past, present and future orbital elements
  4. ↑ "26P/Grigg-Skjellerup Orbit". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 2014-06-16.
  5. 1 2 ESA - Giotto, ESA's first deep-space mission: 25 years ago (2011)
  6. ↑ Comet 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup, Outer Space at www.mindat.org. Retrieved 3 Apr 2017.
  7. ↑ NASA Finds New Type of Comet Dust Mineral at www.nasa.gov. Retrieved 3 Apr 2017.
Numbered comets
Previous
25D/Neujmin 		26P/Grigg–Skjellerup Next
27P/Crommelin


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.