IND Crosstown Line

IND Crosstown Line
IND Queens Boulevard Line IRT Flushing Line Court Square IND Queens Boulevard Line 21st Street IRT Flushing Line Newtown Creek Greenpoint Avenue Nassau Avenue Lorimer Street BMT Canarsie Line Metropolitan Avenue BMT Jamaica Line Broadway Flushing Avenue Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues Bedford–Nostrand Avenues Classon Avenue Clinton–Washington Avenues Fulton Street IND Fulton Street Line BMT Brighton Line BMT Fourth Avenue Line IRT Eastern Parkway Line Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets IND Culver Line IND Fulton Street Line

The IND Crosstown Line or Brooklyn–Queens Crosstown Line is a rapid transit line of the B Division of the New York City Subway in Brooklyn and Queens, New York City, United States. It provides crosstown service between western Brooklyn and northwestern Queens and is the only major line that does not carry trains to/from Manhattan.

Extent and service

The following services use part or all of the IND Crosstown Line,^[2] whose services' bullets are colored lime green:

	Time period	Section of line
	all times	south of Court Square

The only service to use the Crosstown Line is the G. No revenue service runs over the line north of Court Square.^[3]

The north end of the Crosstown Line is a flying junction with the IND Queens Boulevard Line and 60th Street Tunnel Connection just south of Queens Plaza. The line then travels south as a two-track line, except for a center relay track south of Court Square. At the turn from Marcy Avenue to Lafayette Avenue, two center tracks appear, merging into one after crossovers to the main tracks. These tracks were to be used for a split to another line in a 1931 expansion plan. This center track continues through Bedford–Nostrand Avenues and then ends with crossovers to the main tracks, but space remains in the center through Classon Avenue for the third track.^[3]

At Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets, the Crosstown Line passes through the middle of the four-track IND Fulton Street Line. Cross-platform interchange is available between the lines, but no track connections exist. After Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets, the line turns south and ends as a merge into the local tracks of the IND Culver Line, just south of the split of that line into local and express tracks.^[3]

History

Plans for a crosstown line had been floated as early as 1912.^[4][5] In 1923, a plan for such a line, to be operated by the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT) from the Queensboro Bridge under Jackson Avenue, Manhattan Avenue, Roebling Street, Bedford Avenue, and Hancock Street to Franklin Avenue at the north end of the BMT Franklin Avenue Line,^[6] was adopted by the city.^[7] However, the following year, Mayor Hylan announced his opposition to it.^[8] In addition, residents of central Brooklyn, which was already heavily developed, opposed an elevated line because of noise and aesthetic concerns, but the BRT would not build a subway because an elevated was the cheapest option.^[5]

Eventually, the line was moved and incorporated into the city's Independent Subway System.^[9] The junction with the IND Queens Boulevard Line in Long Island City was originally supposed to have a second wye, with service from Manhattan via the 53rd Street Tunnel planned to feed into the Crosstown Line. This would have been part of a loop service between the Crosstown and Eighth Avenue Lines.^[9][10]

1920 proposal

The portion of the line crossing Newtown Creek between Brooklyn and Queens, now known as the Greenpoint Tubes, was built without the use of a tunneling shield or compressed air, contrary to the convention of the time. The tunnel was bored through solid rock, crossing under the East River Tunnels of the Long Island Rail Road and the IRT Flushing Line, then lined with concrete.^[11]

On August 19, 1933, the line was opened north of Nassau Avenue, and the GG began operation to Queens Plaza.^[12] The entire Crosstown Line was completed and connected to the IND Culver Line on July 1, 1937, whereupon the GG was extended in both directions to Smith–Ninth Streets and Forest Hills–71st Avenue.^[13]

In 1946, as part of a $1 billion plan issued by the New York City Board of Transportation, a branch of the IND Crosstown Line would be built, with the routing via Franklin Avenue and connecting with the BMT Brighton Line. This would have replaced the BMT Franklin Avenue Line.^[14][15] Over the next 77 years, the termini for the GG (relabeled G in 1985)^[16] had varied, including being extended to Jamaica–179th Street^[17] or cut back to Queens Plaza or Long Island City–Court Square. Service was also extended to Church Avenue several times, the most recent extension being in 2009. During weekend service disruptions on the F service between Jay and Bergen Streets, trains were extended beyond Church Avenue to Coney Island. On April 19, 2010, G service was permanently cut back from the Queens Boulevard Line due to budget cuts.^[18]

In 2012, flood waters from Hurricane Sandy caused significant damage to the Greenpoint Tubes under the Newtown Creek. Although the G was back in service days after the hurricane, the tube needed permanent repairs. To allow for these repairs, G service was curtailed for twelve weekends between July and December 2013, as well as daily between July 25 and September 2, 2014.^[19]

Station listing

Every station is served by the G train from Court Square south to past Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets.

Station service legend
	Stops all times
	Stops all times except late nights
	Stops late nights and weekends only
	Stops weekdays only
	Stops rush hours in the peak direction only
Time period details

Neighborhood (approximate)		Station	Services	Opened	Transfers and notes
Queens
Long Island City	Splits from the IND Queens Boulevard Line local tracks (no regular service)
		Court Square	G	August 19, 1933[12]	IRT Flushing Line (7  <7> ) IND Queens Boulevard Line (E  M )
		21st Street	G	August 19, 1933[12]
Brooklyn
Greenpoint		Greenpoint Avenue	G	August 19, 1933[12]
		Nassau Avenue	G	August 19, 1933[12]
Williamsburg		Metropolitan Avenue	G	July 1, 1937[13]	BMT Canarsie Line (L ) at Lorimer Street
		Broadway	G	July 1, 1937[13]
Williamsburg/ Bedford-Stuyvesant		Flushing Avenue	G	July 1, 1937[13]
Bedford-Stuyvesant		Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues	G	July 1, 1937[13]
		Bedford–Nostrand Avenues	G	July 1, 1937[13]	Center track between the two island platforms
Clinton Hill		Classon Avenue	G	July 1, 1937[13]	Additional space for a center track
		Clinton–Washington Avenues	G	July 1, 1937[13]
Fort Greene		Fulton Street	G	July 1, 1937[13]
Downtown Brooklyn		Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets	G	July 1, 1937[13]	IND Fulton Street Line (A  C )
Merges with the IND Culver Line (G )

References

External links

Route map: Google

Wikimedia Commons has media related to IND Crosstown Line.

• nycsubway.org—IND Brooklyn/Queens Crosstown Line
• G Line Track Diagram: Court Square to Church Avenue