Grand Central–42nd Street (New York City Subway)

Grand Central–42nd Street
New York City Subway rapid transit station complex
Southern entrance within Grand Central Terminal
Station statistics
Address	East 42nd Street & Park Avenue New York, NY 10017
Borough	Manhattan
Locale	Midtown Manhattan
Coordinates	40°45′8.22″N 73°58′39.07″W / 40.7522833°N 73.9775194°W / 40.7522833; -73.9775194Coordinates: 40°45′8.22″N 73°58′39.07″W / 40.7522833°N 73.9775194°W / 40.7522833; -73.9775194
Division	A (IRT)
Line	IRT 42nd Street Shuttle       IRT Flushing Line       IRT Lexington Avenue Line
Services	4  (all times)       5  (all except late nights)       6  (all times) <6>  (weekdays until 8:45 p.m., peak direction)       7  (all times) <7>  (rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction)       S  (all except late nights)
Transit connections	NYCT Bus: M1, M2, M3, M4, M42, M101, M102, M103, Q32, X2, X5, X10, X12, X14, X22, X22A, X27, X28, X31, X37, X42, X63, X64, X68 MTA Bus: BxM1, QM21 Metro-North: Harlem, Hudson, and New Haven Lines (at Grand Central Terminal)
Structure	Underground
Levels	3
Other information
Opened	June 22, 1915 (1915-06-22)[1]
Station code	610[2]
Accessible	ADA-accessible (all lines except 42nd Street Shuttle; shuttle isn't accessible from its Times Square platform)
Wireless service	[3][4]
Traffic
Passengers (2016)	46,121,509 (station complex)[5]  1.3%
Rank	2 out of 422
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops all times except late nights Stops all times Stops rush hours in the peak direction only
Location Show map of New York City Subway Show map of New York City Show map of New York Show map of the US

Grand Central–42nd Street is a major station complex of the New York City Subway. Located in Midtown Manhattan at the intersection of Park Avenue and 42nd Street, with parts of the station extending east to Lexington Avenue, it is the second busiest station in the 425-station system, with 46,121,509 passengers in 2016; only the Times Square station complex has more riders.^[5] It serves trains on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, the IRT Flushing Line and the 42nd Street Shuttle, making it an all-IRT transfer point. The stations of the complex lie next to and beneath Grand Central Terminal, which serves all Metro-North Railroad lines east of the Hudson River.

The complex is signed as 42nd Street–Grand Central and is served by the:

• 4, 6, and 7 trains at all times
• 5 trains at all times except late nights on weekdays
• 42nd Street Shuttle (S) trains from 6 AM to midnight daily
• <6> trains during weekdays in the peak direction
• <7> trains during rush hours and early evenings in the peak direction

Station layout

G	Street Level	Exit/Entrance (Elevator to mezzanine inside main entrance, immediately to right of Grand Central Terminal entrance on 42nd Street between Park Avenue and Lexington Avenue)
B1	Mezzanine, shuttle platforms	To entrances/exits, station agent, MetroCard vending machines
	Track 4	← toward Times Square–42nd Street all except nights (Terminus)
	Island platform, doors will open on the right for track 4 only
	Track 3	← toward Times Square–42nd Street all except nights (Terminus)
	Island platform, doors will open on the left for track 1, right for track 3
	Track 1	← toward Times Square–42nd Street all except nights (Terminus)
B2	Northbound local	← toward Pelham Bay Park ( toward Parkchester rush hours and middays) (51st Street) ← toward Woodlawn late nights (51st Street)
	Island platform, doors will open on the left for local trains, right for express trains
	Northbound express	← toward Woodlawn (59th Street) ← toward Dyre Avenue weekdays except late night, Wakefield–241st Street weekend, Nereid Avenue PM rush (59th Street)
	Southbound express	→ toward Utica Avenue weekdays, New Lots Avenue weekend (14th Street–Union Square) → → toward Brooklyn College except weekday late nights (14th Street–Union Square) →
	Island platform, doors will open on the left for local trains, right for express trains
	Southbound local	→ toward Brooklyn Bridge–City Hall (33rd Street) → → toward New Lots Avenue late nights (33rd Street) →
B4	Southbound	← toward 34th Street–Hudson Yards (Fifth Avenue)
	Island platform, doors will open on the left
	Northbound	→ toward Flushing – Main Street (Vernon Boulevard–Jackson Avenue) →

1918 plan

An east-west passageway connects the mezzanine, above the Flushing Line and Lexington Avenue Line platforms, to the 42nd Street Shuttle. Except for the 42nd Street Shuttle (which is inaccessible at its other station at Times Square), the whole station is handicapped accessible, as is the connection to Grand Central Terminal.^[6]

The station has undergone various recent renovations since the 1980s—when the first major renovation was carried out—but some of the passages still require repair or renovation. At the same time, a project was ongoing to air cool the station in conjunction with Metro-North Railroad's project to cool Grand Central Terminal. However, as of 2006, only the Lexington Avenue Line station is air-cooled. The Lexington Avenue Line station, the 2009 South Ferry station,^[7] the 34th Street–Hudson Yards station, and the three constructed stations of the Second Avenue Subway are the only six artificially cooled stations in the New York City Subway.^[8][9] The Flushing Line platforms have been equipped with fans, but not an air-cooling system.

Original plans for PATH (at that time the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad) had it extending north and east from its current northern terminal at 33rd Street/6th Avenue to Grand Central. Space was left for the platforms and line, but it was never built.^[10]

As part of the construction of the Second Avenue Subway, a transfer might be included between here and the 42nd Street station on that line. Currently, the transfer is under evaluation.^[11][12] The transfer passageway would run under 42nd Street between Second Avenue and Third Avenue, connecting with the IRT Flushing Line station. Up to four properties might need to be required for the necessary ancillaries and emergency exits to built.^[13] The passageway would run under the northern side of 42nd Street, and the exit at the eastern end would be on the northwestern corner of that street and Second Avenue.^[14] Under a plan for the line in the 1990s, a spur to Grand Central Terminal was considered, which would have run via 44th Street as a way to divert riders from the 4 5 routes, which run express on the Lexington Avenue Line. Service on this spur could not be as frequent as that on Lexington Avenue as there would not be enough capacity on Second Avenue, and as a result this plan was dropped.^[15]

In 2014, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority installed an online, interactive touchscreen computer program called "On The Go! Travel Station" (OTG) in Grand Central. The self-updating kiosks allow people to route their trips, and check for delays.^[16] The MTA set up the map as part of a pilot project that saw the OTGs initially installed in five subway stations. It lists any planned work or service changes occurring on the subway as well as information to help travelers find landmarks or locales near the stations with an OTG outlet, wherein the first station to test this new technology had been Bowling Green.^[17][18][19]

Exits

The station has numerous exits into Grand Central Terminal, to the street level at and directly into several buildings along 42nd Street, including:^[20][21]

• The Chrysler Building through a passage immediately to the left of the customer service booth on the station's mezzanine^[20]
• 125 Park Avenue^[20]
• 110 East 42nd Street through a passage downtown of the main mezzanine through their own fare control^[20]
• The Chanin Building, 122 East 42nd Street, through its own turnstiles directly accessing the escalators to the IRT Flushing Line platform (east of the mezzanine)^[20]
• Grand Hyatt New York, west side of Lexington Avenue north of 42nd Street^[20]
• South side of 42nd Street west of 3rd Avenue^[20]
• numerous others by walking through exits uptown and to the west into Grand Central Terminal^[20]

An exit outside of the planned One Vanderbilt is proposed.^[22] In October 2016, construction began on the entrance in One Vanderbilt.^[23]

Street-level exits include:

• One stair on either side of 42nd Street between Madison and 5th Avenues^[20]
• One stair/escalator, SW corner of Park Avenue and 42nd Streets^[20]

Relative depths

• Metro-North Railroad upper level, 20 feet (6.1 m) below street
• 42nd Street Shuttle, 20 feet (6.1 m)
• Lexington Avenue Line, 50 feet (15 m)
• Metro-North Railroad lower level, 60 feet (18 m)
• Flushing Line, 80 feet (24 m)
• Long Island Rail Road upper level (under construction), 130 feet (40 m)
• Long Island Rail Road lower level (under construction), 150 feet (46 m)

IRT 42nd Street Shuttle platforms

Grand Central
New York City Subway rapid transit station
The shuttle leaves Track 4 bound for Times Square
Station statistics
Division	A (IRT)
Line	IRT 42nd Street Shuttle
Services	S  (all except late nights)
Platforms	2 island platforms
Tracks	3
Other information
Opened	October 27, 1904 (1904-10-27)[24]
Rebuilt	1964 (1964) (after fire)[25]
Station code	469[2]
Accessible	ADA-accessible to mezzanine only; platforms are not ADA-accessible
Wireless service	[3]
Former/other names	42nd Street–Grand Central
Station succession
Next north	Times Square: S
Next south	(Terminal): S  33rd Street: no regular service
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops all times except late nights

Track layout
to Times Square End of former track 2 to 33 St

The Grand Central shuttle platforms date from the original IRT subway, opened in 1904. The station was an express stop with two island platforms between the local and express tracks.

The present configuration of the shuttle has three tracks coming into the station; the old southbound express track was removed. There is no connection between the northbound local track (track 4) and the other two. Island platforms are located between both pairs of tracks; the southernmost platform is wide, covering the area where the southbound express track (track 2) had been located. The two platforms connect directly, as tracks 3 and 4 terminate at bumper blocks. The south track (track 1) merges with the southbound local track of the Lexington Avenue Line. This merge is used to supply rolling stock to tracks 1 & 3 of the shuttle train (via a manual switch just west of station to track 3), and occasionally during special railfan excursions. The other three original tracks followed similar paths until the Lexington Avenue Line was extended north, turning this part of the line into a shuttle.

In 1913, the Public Service Commission planned a new platform for the shuttle, close to the Lexington Avenue Line station. The platform was constructed, but it was never used. The wall and roof of the old subway were removed at the curve just south of the old Grand Central station, and trackways were built continuing east under 42nd Street, to bring those two tracks into the new station with a narrow island platform between them. The unused trackways of the proposed shuttle platform were covered with wooden flooring in 1918, and the width of the station was finished up as a passenger walkway between the Lexington Avenue Line and Shuttle stations. The wooden flooring was replaced by concrete in 1946, and the former downtown express track between this station and Times Square–42nd Street was removed in 1975.^[26]

This section of the complex is frequently used for movie shooting when it is closed. Notable scenes include a famous scene in the 1971 film The French Connection, an episode of Fringe, an episode of Person of Interest, and an episode of 30 Rock (filling in for Rockefeller Center Station).

Accessibility status

The Grand Central shuttle platforms are actually wheelchair accessible as the mezzanine elevators are on the same level, but due to the platforms at Times Square being inaccessible, the 42nd Street Shuttle itself is not accessible. As part of the 2015–2019 MTA Capital Program, the 42nd Street Shuttle will become ADA accessible, and the shuttle will be reconfigured from three tracks to two tracks, and the trains will become six cars long. The whole project will cost $235.41 million.^[27]

Image gallery

• 
  Train on track 3
• 
  Entrance from the Grand Central Terminal Main Concourse
• 
  Entering the subway from the new Grand Central Terminal, 1912

IRT Lexington Avenue Line platforms

Grand Central–42nd Street
New York City Subway rapid transit station
train departing
Station statistics
Division	A (IRT)
Line	IRT Lexington Avenue Line
Services	4  (all times)       5  (all except late nights)       6  (all times) <6>  (weekdays until 8:45 p.m., peak direction)
Platforms	2 island platforms cross-platform interchange
Tracks	4
Other information
Opened	July 17, 1918 (1918-07-17)[28]
Station code	402[2]
Accessible	ADA-accessible (transfer to 42nd Street Shuttle not accessible)
Wireless service	[3]
Former/other names	42nd Street–Grand Central Diagonal Station
Station succession
Next north	59th Street (express): 4  5  51st Street (local): 4  6  <6>
Next south	33rd Street (local): 4  6  <6> 14th Street–Union Square (express): 4  5
Next north	125th Street (express): 4  5  51st Street (local): 4  6  <6>
Next south	28th Street (local): 4  6  <6> Brooklyn Bridge–City Hall (express): 4  5
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops all times except late nights Stops all times Stops late nights only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only

Track layout
to 51 St to 59 St Express tracks descend to lower level to shuttle platforms to 33 St to 14 St Upper level, existing track Upper level, former track Lower level, existing track

Grand Central–42nd Street is an express station on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line. It was also known as the Diagonal Station at time of construction, being oriented 45° from the street grid.^[29] It has two island platforms, four tracks, and includes a crossover and a crossunder. The columns and beams here are massive, in order to support part of Grand Central Terminal and the office towers next to it.

On one wall, there is a stylized steam locomotive mosaic. The northbound platform's side wall includes tile depicting a big passageway; the first room, as seen from the platform, has doors to a second room which appears to be a mechanical room. There is a correctly oriented compass rose inlaid on the floor of the mezzanine.

The southbound local track south of the station merges into the original downtown local track from the 42nd Street Shuttle. The track was part of the original four-track IRT subway. This track is now used for moving trains to and from the shuttle and for launching railfan trips from the shuttle tracks. This was the only track that is preserved.

Just south of the station, the tracks split, with two on each side of the 1870 New York and Harlem Railroad Murray Hill Tunnel which is now used for automobile traffic on Park Avenue.

The Grand Central complex is home to the master tower which controls the entire Lexington Avenue Line, located south of the Lexington Avenue Line platforms.

The uptown tracks are about ten feet below the original grade at the point where they turn off. The old uptown express and local trackways that used to lead to the 42nd Street Shuttle are visible from the uptown local track. As the alignment of the original trackways curves into the old Grand Central station on the 42nd Street Shuttle, it passes through the rebuilt area for the proposed Grand Central station shuttle platform. From the public passageway, none of the original support columns and roof are visible, since they were removed in exactly this area to open the way for the unused shuttle station. The unused ramps leading from the 42nd Street Shuttle are still in place, just south of this station.

The New York City Transit Authority had a scheme in the early 1950s to make a lower level to the station, also of four tracks. It would tap into the express tracks beyond the station and be used as an intermediate terminal stop for certain services. There is room between the station and the Flushing Line for such a new level.

Image gallery

• 
  Tile mosaic
• 
  Close-up
• 
  A 6 train on one of the local tracks

IRT Flushing Line platform

Grand Central–42nd Street
New York City Subway rapid transit station
View from the end of the platform, looking west
Station statistics
Division	A (IRT)
Line	IRT Flushing Line
Services	7  (all times) <7>  (rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction)
Platforms	1 island platform
Tracks	2
Other information
Opened	June 22, 1915 (1915-06-22)[1]
Station code	465[2]
Accessible	ADA-accessible (transfer to 42nd Street Shuttle not accessible)
Wireless service	[3]
Former/other names	42nd Street–Grand Central
Station succession
Next north	Vernon Boulevard–Jackson Avenue: 7  <7>
Next south	Fifth Avenue: 7  <7>
Next north	Court Square: 7  <7>
Next south	Times Square: 7  <7>
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops all times Stops rush hours in the peak direction only

Track layout
to Vernon–Jackson Trolley loop to 5 Av

Grand Central (announced as Grand Central–42nd Street on the R188 cars) on the Flushing Line has a single island platform and two tracks.

On March 2, 1950, a new type of stainless steel portable newsstand was installed at the Flushing Line platform at Grand Central. The newsstand was owned by the Union News Company.^[30]

The platforms at Grand Central and all other stations on the Flushing Line with the exception of Queensboro Plaza were extended in 1955–1956 to accommodate 11-car trains.^[31]

There is a large arched ceiling, making the platform similar to some stations in the London Underground, Paris Metro and systems in Eastern Europe (it is also similar to the Roosevelt Island, 168th Street (IRT platforms), and 181st Street stations in other parts of Manhattan). Along the platform are stairs and escalators to other lines and to a mezzanine and passageways under the Grand Central Terminal concourse. Exits and entrances are located at the center, west and east ends of the platform. There is an ADA-accessible elevator toward the west end. A newsstand/snack shop is located on the platform towards the east end.

In 1913, the Public Service Commission planned to connect the Flushing line to the 42nd Street shuttle, just west of the Grand Central station. Some ramp work was built for this purpose, then converted to a passenger walkway that has been in use since 1916.^[26] In addition, there are two remaining sections of the old trolley loop that remain intact and are accessible to MTA personnel via the southbound track approximately 200 feet beyond the station.^[32] The third is between the tracks and is a pump room. Parts of the loop are being converted into CBTC circuit breaker rooms.^[33]

Image gallery

• 
  Directional sign above the staircase to the Flushing Line platform
• 
  Metal sign on tunnel wall with 42 St–Grand Central name
• 
  Looking down a staircase toward the IRT Flushing Line platform
• 
  An R188 7 train at the station

IRT Third Avenue Line transfers

For a while, free transfers were provided between the subway station and 42nd Street on the elevated IRT Third Avenue Line. This started on June 14, 1942, the day after the IRT Second Avenue Line, which provided access to Queensboro Plaza and the IRT Flushing Line, was closed. The Third Avenue Line closed on May 12, 1955, rendering the transfer obsolete.^[34]

Foiled terrorist attack

Najibullah Zazi and alleged co-conspirators were arrested in September 2009 as part of an al-Qaeda Islamist plan to engage in suicide bombings on trains in the New York City subway system, including near the Grand Central Station, and the Times Square-42nd Street-Port Authority Bus Terminal subway station during rush hour that month, and Zazi has pleaded guilty.^{[35][36][37][38]}

References

Further reading

• Lee Stokey. Subway Ceramics : A History and Iconography. 1994. ISBN 978-0-9635486-1-0

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Grand Central – 42nd Street (New York City Subway).

• nycsubway.org – IRT East Side Line: Grand Central
• nycsubway.org – IRT Flushing Line: Grand Central
• nycsubway.org – IRT Shuttle: Grand Central
• nycsubway.org – V-Beam Artwork by Christopher Sproat (2000)
• nycsubway.org – Fast Track & Speed Wheels Artwork by Dan Sinclair (1990)
• nycsubway.org – Arches, Towers, Pyramids Artwork by Jackie Ferrara (1997)
• Station Reporter – Grand Central Complex
• Forgotten NY – Original 28–NYC's First 28 Subway Stations
• The Subway Nut – Grand Central–42nd Street (4), (5), (6), (7), and (S) Pictures
• MTA's Arts For Transit – Grand Central–42nd Street
• 42nd Street and Lexington Avenue entrance (NW corner) from Google Maps Street View
• 43rd Street and Lexington Avenue entrance via Hyatt hotel from Google Maps Street View
• 42nd Street and Lexington Avenue entrance (NE corner) from Google Maps Street View
• 42nd Street and Third Avenue entrance from Google Maps Street View
• 42nd Street and Vanderbilt Avenue entrance from Google Maps Street View
• 42nd Street and Vanderbilt Avenue entrance in office building from Google Maps Street View
• Ex-Bowery Savings Bank entrance from Google Maps Street View
• Entrance between Madison Avenue and Fifth Avenue from Google Maps Street View
• Park Avenue entrance from Google Maps Street View
• Entrance in Grand Central from Google Maps Street View
• Lexington Avenue Line platforms from Google Maps Street View
• Flushing Line platform from Google Maps Street View
• Mezzanine from Google Maps Street View
• 42nd Street Shuttle platforms from Google Maps Street View