Grameenphone

Grameenphone Limited

Native name	গ্রামীণফোন
Type	Public company
Industry	Mobile telecommunication services
Founded	1997 (1997) in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Founder	Iqbal Quadir & Dr.Muhammad Yunus
Headquarters	GPHOUSE, Basundhara, Baridhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Area served	Bangladesh
Key people	Petter-B Furberg (CEO)[1]
Services	Mobile telephony, mobile internet
Revenue	৳ 102.7 billion (2014) ৳ 96.6 billion (2013) [2]
Operating income	৳ 36.9 billion (2014) ৳ 33.2 billion (2013) [2]
Net income	৳ 19.8 billion (2014) ৳ 14.7 billion (2013) [2]
Number of employees	3,638[3] (Q3 2016)
Parent	Telenor Mobile Communications AS
Website	grameenphone.com

Grameenphone (Bengali: গ্রামীণফোন) (DSE: GP,^[4] CSE: GP^[5]), widely abbreviated as GP, is the leading telecommunications service provider in Bangladesh. With more than 54.5 million subscribers and 46.3% subscriber market share (as of August 2016),^[6] Grameenphone is the largest mobile phone operator in the country. It is a joint venture between Telenor and Grameen Telecom Corporation, a non-profit sister concern of the microfinance organisation and community development bank Grameen Bank. Telenor, the largest telecommunications company in Norway, owns a 55.8% share of Grameenphone, Grameen Telecom owns 34.2% and the remaining 10% is publicly held.^[2]

Grameenphone was the first company to introduce GSM technology in Bangladesh, and built the first cellular network to cover 99% of the country.^[7]

History

The idea of providing universal mobile phone access throughout Bangladesh, including its rural areas, motivated Iqbal Quadir to take action.^[8][9] He was inspired by the Grameen Bank micro-credit model and envisioned a business model where a cell phone can serve as a source of income. After leaving his job as an investment banker in the United States, Quadir met and successfully raised money from New York-based investor and philanthropist Joshua Mailman. He then returned to Bangladesh and worked for three years to gain support from organisations such as Grameen Bank and the Norwegian telephone company, Telenor.^[10] The result was a consortium with Telenor and Grameen Bank to establish the telecommunications company Grameenphone.

Grameenphone received a license for cellular phone operation in Bangladesh from the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications on 28 November 1996. The company started operations on 26 March 1997, Independence Day in Bangladesh.

Grameenphone originally offered a mobile-to-mobile connectivity (widely known as GP-GP connection), which created a lot of enthusiasm among the users. It became the first operator to reach the million subscriber milestone as well as ten million subscriber milestone in Bangladesh.

Changing logo

On 16 November 2006, Grameenphone officially changed its logo to match its parent company Telenor's logo.

Numbering scheme

Typical Grameenphone SIM Card

Grameenphone uses the following numbering scheme for its subscribers:

+880 17 XXXXXXXX

Example: An Active Mobile Number is Added +8801778801040. This subscriber name is Rajib. 880 is the ISD code for Bangladesh and is needed only in case of dialing from outside Bangladesh (otherwise, it may be substituted by a 0, making the prefix 017,). 17, is the prefix for Grameenphone as allocated by the government of Bangladesh. The eight-digit number XXXXXXXX is the subscriber number.

Network

According to Grameenphone, it has invested more than BDT 259 billion (USD 3.27 billion) to build the network infrastructure since 1997. It invested over BDT 15 billion in 2014 alone.

Grameenphone has built the largest cellular network in the country with over 8,000 base stations. As of presently, over 99 percent of the country's population is within the coverage area of the Grameenphone network.

The entire Grameenphone network is also GPRS/EDGE/3G enabled, allowing access to dial-up quality speed Internet and data services from anywhere within the coverage area. There are over 10 million GPRS/EDGE/3G users in the Grameenphone network. Grameenphone has 3G network at most of the urban and sub-urban area.^[11]

Products offered

Mobile telephony

Grameenphone was the first operator to introduce the pre-paid mobile phone service in Bangladesh in September 1999. It offers the pre-paid subscription under the name Easy Prepaid which is currently called "Nishchinto, Amontron, Shohoj, Bondhu, Aapon, Smile, Spondon, Business Solution prepaid". Besides Nishchinto, Amontrito, Shohoj, Bondhu, Aapon, Smileys, Spondon, Business Solution, Grameenphone also offers a youth based mobile to mobile connectivity within Bangladesh named djuice.^[12]

Grameenphone offers postpaid mobile service. Xplore Postpaid & Xplore Legend is the name of its post paid service.^[13] Grameenphone provides several other packages which can be selected based on the type of tariff or features like pulse, sms, internet. Detailed information about packages provided by Grameenphone can be found dialling 121 from your Grameenphone number and can also be found using the official Grameenphone android app available for free download on Google Play Store.

Other services

• Internet: Grameenphone provides Internet service in its coverage area. As it has EDGE/GPRS/3G enabled network, any subscriber can access to internet through this network. Grameenphone was the first mobile operator in Bangladesh to offer EDGE and 3G services to its subscribers.^[11]
• BillPay is a service to enable users to pay their utility bills Electricity/Gas through mobile.^[14]
• Ekhanei.com is a service (formerly known as CellBaazar) to enable users sell or buy products through mobile or internet.And it is free to use for all Grameenphone customers.^[15]
• Various other services like stock information, Instant Messaging, SMS Based Alerts/Services, Voice-based Services, Downloads, music, Cricket Updates, Web SMS, Mobile Backup etc.

Corporate social responsibility

Grameenphone has several projects related to social responsibility.^[16] These include:

1. Online school: Currently 10 online schools are operating around the country, where children are being educated through video conference by the teachers stationed in Dhaka.^[17]
2. Safe Motherhood & Infant Care Project- More than 1.7 million free primary healthcare services to underprivileged pregnant mothers & their infants.^[18]
3. Free eye care support for around 28,780 people- 3,458 eye sights restored so far.^[18]
4. Awareness building on varied national issues- AIDS, National Immunization Day.^[18]
5. Information boats with digitised livelihood contents and internal access for remote riverine communities.^[19]
6. Economic freedom for more than 400,000 Village Phone Operators.^[20]
7. More than 500 Community Information Centers- connecting life and learning.^[21]
8. Sponsor of Bangladesh Special Olympics team.
9. Sponsor of Bangladesh National Cricket team.
10. Employment opportunity to acid survivors.
11. Scholarship for underprivileged meritorious students.
12. Blood donation camps for underprivileged Thalassaemia patients.
13. Establishment of Blood Bank at Bogra for underprivileged patients.
14. Emergency relief effort in natural calamities.

Other activities

Village phone

With the help of Grameenphone, Grameen Telecom operates the national Village Phone programme, alongside its own parent Grameen Bank and the International Finance Corporation (IFC), acting as the sole provider of telecommunications services to a number of rural areas. Most Village Phone participants are women living in remote areas. Village Phone works as an owner-operated GSM payphone whereby a borrower takes a BDT 12,000 (USD 200) loan from Grameen Bank to subscribe to Grameenphone and is then trained on how to operate it and how to charge others to use it at a profit. As of September 2006, there are more than 255,000 Village Phones in operation in 55,000 villages around Bangladesh. This program has been replicated also in some other countries including in Uganda and Rwanda in Africa.^[22]

A typical Grameenphone tower

Community Information Centers

Community Information Center (CIC) or GPCIC is aimed at providing internet access and other communications services to rural areas. In February 2006, 26 CICs were established across the country as a pilot project.^[23] In this project, Grameenphone provides GSM/EDGE/GPRS infrastructure and technical support and other partners Grameen Telecom Corporation and Society for Economic and Basic Advancement (SEBA), are involved in selecting and training entrepreneurs to run the village centres. The computers in these centres in the pilot project are used by an average of 30 people a day, who pay a small fee to access email or web pages.^[22] These CICs are used for a wide variety of business and personal purposes, from accessing health and agricultural information to using government services to video conferencing with relatives overseas. Grameenphone also trains the entrepreneurs so that they can give people advice on how to set up an e-mail account and best make use of the Internet.

CIC project is giving up to 20 million people the chance to use the Internet and e-mail for the first time. Following a successful pilot project, Grameenphone is going to set up approximately 560 centres in communities throughout Bangladesh by the end of 2006. The centres will be located in each Upazila (sub-district) of Bangladesh. As a result, up to 15 villages containing up to 40,000 people will be within reach of each CIC. In this information centre, there will be personal computers connected to Grameenphone's existing GSM mobile network, which has been upgraded with EDGE technology to offer data transfer speeds of up to 16 kilobytes per second.^[22]

Grameenphone centres

A GPC at Gulshan, Dhaka

A franchised Grameenphone centre at Tejgaon, Dhaka

A Grameenphone centre (GPC) serves as a "one stop solution" for customers, with all telecommunications products and services, under a single roof. A Grameenphone centre also sells phones from vendors like Nokia, Samsung, Motorola, Sagem and Benq. EDGE/GPRS modems and accessories such chargers and headphones are also sold at GPCs.

As of February 2013, there are 85^[24] GPCs and they are strategically located at all major locations of the country is operated by Grameenphone.

Awards

1. In 2002, Grameenphone was adjudged the Joint Venture Enterprise of the Year at the Bangladesh Business Awards.^[25]
2. In the next year, 2007, Grameenphone was again presented with the same award for its 'HealthLine Service' at the 3GSM World Congress held in Barcelona, Spain, in February.^[26]

Criticism

Illegal VoIP operations

In October 2007 the government of Bangladesh fined Grameenphone US$24.5 million for illegally depriving the government of revenue by ignoring laws requiring private operators to use the state-owned BTTB land phone network for international calls by its subscribers, when they used Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) to receive such calls.^[27]

It soon emerged that Grameephone was making a bigger business out of VoIP operations than initially stated. They were providing a host of ISPs and operators services that enabled VoIP. In December 2007, Grameenphone's corporate office was raided by government agencies and documents were confiscated. This was in connection to Grameenphone providing VoIP equipment and services to an ISP, AccessTel. This fact was not disclosed by Grameenphone when it was fined just two months ago. Grameenphone representatives commented "some additional irregularities were found" regarding Grameenphone providing special services to illegal VoIP operators.^[28]

In January 2008, Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission has filed a case against Grameenphone's two former CEOs and other officials for involvement in illegal VoIP business.^[29]

Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) has fined Grameenphone BDT 2.5 billion for illegal VoIP business, the second time the country's largest mobile phone operator has been penalised for such rogue activities, the telecom regulators announced in August 2008.^[30]

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Grameenphone.

• Official website
• Quadir, Iqbal (July 2005). "How mobile phones can fight poverty". TED.