Glencar Lough

Glencar Lough
Loch Ghleann an Chairthe

West towards Benbulbin
Glencar Lough location in Ireland
Location in Ireland
Location County Leitrim, County Sligo
Coordinates 54°20′22″N 8°23′9″W / 54.33944°N 8.38583°W / 54.33944; -8.38583Coordinates: 54°20′22″N 8°23′9″W / 54.33944°N 8.38583°W / 54.33944; -8.38583
Lake type Glacial lake
Primary inflows Glencar Waterfall, Diffreen River
Primary outflows Drumcliff River
Catchment area 41.22 km2 (16 sq mi)
Basin countries Ireland
Max. length 2.5 km (1.6 mi)
Max. width 0.6 km (0.4 mi)
Surface area 1.15 km2 (0.44 sq mi)
Surface elevation 28 m (92 ft)
References [1][2][3]

Glencar Lough (Irish: Loch Ghleann an Chairthe, meaning "lake of the glen of the pillar stone"),[4][5] locally known as Glencar Lake, is a freshwater lake in the northwest of Ireland. It covers an area of 1.15 square kilometres (0.4 sq mi) and lies mostly in County Leitrim with a smaller part in County Sligo. Glencar Waterfall is located near the lake's north shore on the Leitrim side.

Geography

Crannog at eastern end

Glencar Lough lies in the Glencar Valley, between the Dartry Mountains to the north and the mountain range including Cope's Mountain to the south. The lake is located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northeast of Sligo and about 15 km (9 mi) west of Manorhamilton. It is 2.5 km (1.6 mi) long from west to east and 0.6 km (0.4 mi) wide.[2] The lake has two crannogs (artificial islands): one at the western end near the Drumcliff River outlet and the other at the eastern end near the Diffreen River.[3]

South towards Cope's Mountain

Hydrology

Glencar Waterfall

Glencar Lough is primarily fed by Glencar Waterfall, on the lake's northern shore, and by the Diffreen River, entering at the lake's eastern end. The lake drains west into the Drumcliff River, which in turn flows into Sligo Bay.[3] Lake depth is greatest near the southern shore with a shallower shelf at the northern shore.[6]

Natural history

Fish present in Glencar Lough include salmon and brown trout.[6] Bird life includes tufted duck, pochard and goldeneye. These are migratory species which winter at the lake.[2]

Ecology

The water quality was reported to be excellent c. 2001 – c. 2003 with an oligotrophic rating.[7][n 1] The ecology of Glencar Lough, and other Irish waterways, remain threatened by curly waterweed, zebra mussel, and freshwater clam invasive species.[9][10]

History

Historically Glencar Valley was known as Glenn-Dallain[11] and was part of the Kingdom of Breifne. The lake and its crannogs, then occupied, are mentioned in the Annals of the Four Masters, specifically the eastern crannog where "the sons of Donough O'Rourke, i.e. Donnell and Ferganainm, made an attack upon the crannog, and privately set fire to the town".[12]

Economy

Barite was mined at Glencarbury in the Dartry Mountains above the lake between 1894 and 1979. A cable ropeway from the mine area to the lake shore was constructed in 1942. By this means the extracted barite was taken down for onward road transport.[13]

The Glencar Water Company has its bottling plant located near the lake's northern shore. The company, established in 2008, sells water drawn from an onsite spring emanating from within the nearby Dartry Mountains.[14]

See also

References and notes

Notes

  1. ↑ Trophic states of "Oligotrophic" and "Mesotrophic" are desirable, but freshwater lakes rated 'Eutrophic' or 'Hypertrophic' indicates pollution.[8]

Primary sources

  1. ↑ "A Reference Based Typology and Ecological Assessment System for Irish Lakes" (PDF). Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland). 2006. p. 12. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 "Glencar Valley". BirdWatch Ireland. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 "OSI Mapviewer". Ordnance Survey Ireland. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
  4. ↑ "Loch Ghleann an Chairthe/Glencar Lough". Placenames Database of Ireland. Government of Ireland - Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht and Dublin City University. Retrieved 7 Aug 2015.
  5. ↑ Joyce, Patrick Weston (1984) [1871]. Pocket guide to Irish place names. Belfast: Appletree Press.
  6. 1 2 "Fishing in Ireland - Glencar Lake and Drumcliff River". Inland Fisheries Ireland. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
  7. ↑ Clenaghan, Clinton, Crowe 2005, pp. 97.
  8. ↑ Clenaghan, Clinton, Crowe 2005, pp. 8.
  9. ↑ Pedreschi, Kelly-Quinn, Caffrey, O’Grady, Mariani, Phillimore 2014.
  10. ↑ Clenaghan, Clinton, Crowe 2005, pp. 16.
  11. ↑ Saint Caillin (1875) [c. 560]. Hennessy, W. M., ed. The Book of Fenagh. Translated by D. H. Kelly. Dublin: Alexander Thom. p. 403.
  12. ↑ Annals of the Four Masters, ed. & tr. John O'Donovan (1856). Annála Rioghachta Éireann. Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters... with a Translation and Copious Notes. 7 vols (2nd ed.). Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. s.a. 1541.8 CELT editions. Full scans at Internet Archive: Vol. 1; Vol. 2; Vol. 3; Vol. 4; Vol. 5; Vol. 6; Indices.
  13. ↑ Williams, Mary Anne (2008). Landscapes, Rocks and Fossils: The Geological Heritage of County Sligo. Sligo Regional Technical College. pp. 6, 22. ISBN 0-9555-6531-6.
  14. ↑ Gray, Jim (30 April 2008). "Glencar water springs up". The Sligo Champion. Retrieved 30 March 2015 – via Irish Independent.

Secondary sources

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.