Glasgow Airport

Glasgow Airport
IATA: GLA ICAO: EGPF
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	AGS Airports
Operator	Glasgow Airport Limited
Location	Paisley, Renfrewshire, United Kingdom
Elevation AMSL	26 ft / 8 m
Coordinates	55°52′19″N 004°25′59″W / 55.87194°N 4.43306°W / 55.87194; -4.43306Coordinates: 55°52′19″N 004°25′59″W / 55.87194°N 4.43306°W / 55.87194; -4.43306
Website	glasgowairport.com
Map
EGPF Location of airport in Renfrewshire
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 05/23 2,665 8,743 Grooved Asphalt
Statistics (2016)
Passengers 9,327,193 Passenger change 15–16 7.0% Aircraft movements 98,217 Movements change 15–16 8.2%
Sources: UK AIP at NATS[1] Statistics from the UK Civil Aviation Authority[2] Location from Glasgow Airport[3]

Glasgow Airport, also unofficially Glasgow International Airport (IATA: GLA^[4], ICAO: EGPF), formerly Abbotsinch Airport, is an international airport in Scotland, located 8.6 nautical miles (15.9 km; 9.9 mi) west^[1] of Glasgow city centre. In 2016, the airport handled nearly 9.4 million passengers, a 7% annual increase, making it the second-busiest in Scotland, after Edinburgh Airport, and the eighth-busiest airport in the United Kingdom. It is the primary airport serving the west of Scotland and is the principal transatlantic and direct long-haul entry airport into Scotland.

The airport is owned and operated by AGS Airports which also owns and operates Aberdeen and Southampton Airports. It was previously owned and operated by Heathrow Airport Holdings (formerly known as BAA).^[5] The airport's largest tenants are British Airways and Loganair (currently franchising using Flybe), the latter using it as a hub. Other major airlines using GLA as a base include EasyJet, Jet2, Ryanair, Thomas Cook Airlines and Thomson Airways.

Glasgow Airport was opened in 1966 and originally flights only operated to other places in the United Kingdom and Europe. Glasgow Airport began to offer flights to other places around the world, flights which previously used Glasgow Prestwick Airport, which was subsequently relegated as the city's secondary airport catering for low-cost airlines, freight and charter operators.

History

The history of the present Glasgow Airport goes back to 1932, when the site at Abbotsinch, between the Black Cart Water and the White Cart Water, near Paisley in Renfrewshire, was opened and the Royal Air Force 602 Squadron (City of Glasgow) Auxiliary Air Force moved its Wapiti IIA aircraft from nearby Renfrew in January 1933.^[6] The RAF Station HQ, however, was not formed until 1 July 1936 when 6 Auxiliary Group, Bomber Command, arrived.^[6] From May 1939, until moving away in October 1939, the Squadron flew the Supermarine Spitfire.

1940

In 1940, a torpedo training unit was formed, which trained both RAF and Royal Navy crews.^[6] On 11 August 1943 Abbotsinch was handed over solely to the Royal Navy and it became a naval base. All Her Majesty's Ships and naval bases are given ship names and Abbotsinch's was known as HMS Sanderling since June 1940.^[6] During the 1950s, the airfield housed a large aircraft storage unit and squadrons of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve.

The Royal Navy left in October 1963.^[6] The name Sanderling was, however, retained as a link between the two: HMS Sanderling's ship's bell was presented to the new airport and a bar in the airport was named The Sanderling Bar.

1960s

In the 1960s, Glasgow Corporation decided that a new airport for the city was required. The original site of Glasgow's main airport was 3 km (1.9 mi) east of Abbotsinch, in what is now the Dean Park area of Renfrew. The original Art Deco terminal building of Renfrew Airport has not survived. The site is now occupied by a Tesco supermarket and the M8 motorway; this straight and level section of motorway occupies the site of the runway.^[7]

Abbotsinch took over from Renfrew airport on 2 May 1966.^[6][7] The UK Government had already committed millions into rebuilding Prestwick Airport fit for the "jet age". Nevertheless, the plan went forward and the new airport, designed by Basil Spence and built at a cost of £4.2 million, was completed in 1966, with British European Airways beginning services using De Havilland Comet aircraft.

The first commercial flight to arrive was a British European Airways flight from Edinburgh, landing at 8 am on 2 May 1966. The airport was officially opened on 27 June 1966 by Queen Elizabeth II. The political rows over Glasgow and Prestwick airports continued, with Prestwick enjoying a monopoly over transatlantic traffic, while Glasgow Airport was only allowed to handle UK and intra-European traffic.

1970s to 1990s

In 1975, the BAA took ownership of Glasgow Airport. When BAA was privatised in the late 1980s, as BAA plc, it consolidated its airport portfolio and sold Prestwick Airport. The restrictions on Glasgow Airport were lifted and the transatlantic operators immediately moved from Prestwick, Glasgow Airport being renamed Glasgow International Airport. BAA embarked on a massive redevelopment plan for Glasgow International Airport in 1989.^[8]

An extended terminal building was created by building a pre-fabricated metal structure around the front of the original Basil Spence building, hence screening much of its distinctive Brutalist style architecture from view, with the void between the two structures joined by a glass atrium and walkway. Spence's original concrete facade which once looked onto Caledonia Road now fronts the check-in desks. The original building can be seen more clearly from the rear, with the mock barrel-vaulted roof visible when airside.

A dedicated international departure lounge and pier was added at the western side of the building, leaving the facility with a total of 38 gates, bringing its capacity up to nine million passengers per year. In 2003, BAA completed redevelopment work on a satellite building (called "T2", formerly the St. Andrews Building), to provide a dedicated check-in facility for low cost airlines, principally Aer Lingus, Virgin Atlantic Airways and Thomas Cook Airlines.

By 1996, Glasgow was handling over 5.5 million passengers per annum, making it the fourth-largest airport in the UK.^[9]

Today

The airport serves a variety of destinations throughout Europe, North America and the Middle East. Jet2, Ryanair, easyJet, Thomas Cook Airlines, Thomson Airways and Loganair have a base at the airport. The largest aircraft to regularly operate at the airport are the Boeing 777-300ER and the Boeing 747-400. On 10 April 2014 Emirates operated an Airbus A380 to Glasgow to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the Glasgow-Dubai route, the first time an A380 had visited a Scottish airport.^[10] Currently, the airport is not certified for regular A380 operations.

The terminal consists of three piers; the West Pier, Central Pier and East Pier.

The West Pier, commonly known as the International Pier, was built as part of the 1989 extension project and is the principal international and long haul departure point. The majority of stands on this pier are equipped with airbridges.

The Central Pier was part of the original 1966 building. The British Airways gates are located in the 1971 extension at the end of the pier, with Heathrow and Gatwick shuttles making up most of its traffic as well as BA CityFlyer flights to London City. The British Airways lounge is located on this pier, across from gate 15. Other users of the Central Pier are Flybe and Aer Lingus. Most of the stands on this pier are equipped with airbridges.

The East Pier, constructed in the mid-1970s, was originally used for international flights but in recent years has been re-developed for use by low-cost airlines. None of the stands on this pier are equipped with airbridges. The main users of this pier are Ryanair, EasyJet, Jet2 and Loganair. In 2015 a £3,000,000 extension was added to the pier, creating space for 750,000 extra passengers a year.

In late 2007,^[11] work commenced on Skyhub (located between the Main Terminal and Terminal 2)^[12] which created a single, purpose-built security screening area in place of the previous individual facilities for each of the three piers, the other side effect being an enlarged duty-free shopping area created by taking most of the previous landside shopping and restaurant facilities airside. This new arrangement also frees up space in the departure lounges through the removal of the separate duty-free shops in the West and Central Piers. This however meant that the former public viewing areas of the apron are now airside, making the airport inaccessible to aviation enthusiasts and spectators.

Future growth is hampered by the airport's location, which is constrained by the M8 motorway to the south, the town of Renfrew to the east and the River Clyde to the north. At present the areas of Drumchapel, Clydebank, Bearsden, Foxbar, Faifley and Linwood all sit directly underneath the approach paths into the airport, meaning that further increases in traffic may be politically sensitive. The airport is challenged by Edinburgh Airport, which now serves a wider range of European destinations, growing to overtake Glasgow as Scotland's busiest airport, although Glasgow retains the edge on transatlantic and long haul routes.

The Scottish Executive announced in 2002 that a rail line – known as the Glasgow Airport Rail Link (GARL) – would be built from Glasgow Central station to Glasgow Airport. The rail link was to be completed by 2012 with the first trains running early in 2013. In 2009, however, it was announced by the Scottish Government that the plan had been cancelled.^[13]

Currently, the airport is easily accessible by road due with direct access to the adjoining M8 motorway. It is also served by a frequent bus service, the Glasgow Airport Express, which operates services to city centre. The service is run by First Glasgow and all buses feature leather seats, USB charging ports and free WiFi.

The airport is home to the Scottish regional airline Loganair, currently a Flybe franchise operator, who have their head office located on site.^[14] British Airways has a maintenance hangar at the airport, capable of carrying out overhaul work on Airbus A320, as well as a cargo facility.

The Royal Air Force also has a unit based within the airport – The Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde Air Squadron – to provide flying training to university students who plan to join the RAF.

In 2007, Glasgow became the second-busiest airport in Scotland as passenger numbers were surpassed by those at Edinburgh Airport.

Icelandair temporarily moved its base of operations from Keflavík International Airport to Glasgow due to the 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull.

In July 2014, Emirates opened a dedicated lounge at the airport^[15] for First and Business class passengers. It is located at the top of the West Pier.

In October 2014, Heathrow Airport Holdings reached an agreement to sell the airport, together with Southampton and Aberdeen, to a consortium of Ferrovial and Macquarie Group for £1 billion.^[16]

Plans

In 2005 BAA published a consultation paper^[17] for the development of the airport. The consultation paper included proposals for a second runway parallel to and to the north-west of the existing runway 05/23; redevelopment and enlargement of the East (low-cost) pier to connect directly with Terminal 2; and an additional International Pier to the west of the existing International Pier. There were plans for a new rail terminal, joined to the airport's passenger terminal and multi-storey car park. On 29 November 2006 the Scottish Parliament gave the go-ahead for the new railway station as part of the Glasgow Airport Rail Link to Glasgow Central station, originally due for completion in 2011. However, on 17 September 2009, due to escalating costs, the project was cancelled by the Scottish Government.^[18]

BAA's plans, which are expected to cost some £290 million over the next 25 years, come in response to a forecasted trebling of annual passenger numbers passing through the airport by 2030. The current figure of 9.4 million passengers passing through the airport is expected to rise to more than 24 million by 2030.

Plans are confirmed to build a tram-rail link that will link the city centre to the airport with plans already underway to begin construction of the project.^[19]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter services to and from Glasgow:^[20]

Airlines	Destinations
Aer Lingus Regional operated by Stobart Air	Cork, Donegal, Dublin
Air Canada Rouge	Seasonal: Toronto–Pearson
Air France operated by HOP!	Paris–Charles de Gaulle (ends 28 October 2017)[21]
Air Transat	Toronto–Pearson Seasonal: Vancouver
AlbaStar	Seasonal charter: Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, Verona[22]
American Airlines	Seasonal: Philadelphia
ASL Airlines France	Seasonal charter: Ibiza, Palma de Mallorca
Austrian Airlines	Seasonal charter: Vienna[23]
BH Air	Seasonal: Burgas
Blue Air	Bucharest Seasonal: Iași
British Airways	London–Gatwick, London–Heathrow
British Airways operated by BA Cityflyer	London–City Seasonal charter: Barcelona, Faro, Malaga, Menorca, Milan–Malpensa, Palma de Mallorca, Reus, Salzburg, Venice
Delta Air Lines	Seasonal: New York–JFK
easyJet	Alicante, Amsterdam, Belfast-International, Berlin–Schönefeld, Bristol, Faro, Jersey, London–Gatwick, London–Luton, London–Stansted, Málaga, Milan–Malpensa, Paris–Charles de Gaulle Seasonal: Bordeaux, Geneva, Kos, Marseille, Palma de Mallorca, Split
Eastern Airways	Isle of Man
Emirates	Dubai–International
Eurowings	Düsseldorf
Eurowings operated by Air Berlin	Düsseldorf
Eurowings operated by Germanwings	Düsseldorf
Flybe	Belfast-City, Birmingham, Cardiff, Exeter, East Midlands, Southampton Seasonal: Jersey, Newquay
Flybe operated by Eastern Airways	Manchester, Stornoway, Sumburgh (all begin 1 September 2017)[24]
Flybe operated by Loganair	Barra, Benbecula, Campbeltown, Leeds/Bradford, Islay, Kirkwall, Stornoway, Manchester, Sumburgh, Tiree (all end 31 August 2017)[25] Seasonal: Bergen (ends 31 August 2017)[26]
Flybe operated by Stobart Air	London–Southend (begins 29 October 2017)[27]
Icelandair	Reykjavík–Keflavík
Jet2.com	Alicante, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Funchal, Tenerife–South Seasonal: Antalya, Barcelona, Bodrum (resumes 3 May 2018),[28] Corfu, Dalaman, Dubrovnik, Faro, Geneva, Girona, Grenoble, Malaga, Heraklion, Ibiza, Kefalonia (begins 9 May 2018),[29] Larnaca, Malta, Menorca, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Prague, Reus, Rhodes, Rome–Fiumicino, Thessaloniki (begins 8 May 2018),[30] Zakynthos
KLM	Amsterdam
KLM operated by KLM Cityhopper	Amsterdam
Loganair	Barra, Benbecula, Campbeltown, Leeds/Bradford, Islay, Kirkwall, Stornoway, Manchester, Sumburgh, Tiree (all begin 1 September 2017)[25]
Lufthansa	Munich[31]
Ryanair	Alicante, Berlin–Schönefeld, Charleroi, Derry, Dublin, Frankfurt (begins 5 September 2017),[32] Gran Canaria, Kraków (begins 29 October 2017),[33] Lisbon, London–Stansted, Lanzarote, Madrid (begins 29 October 2017),[34] Málaga, Riga, Sofia, Valencia, Warsaw–Modlin, Wrocław Seasonal: Bydgoszcz, Carcassonne, Chania, Palanga, Zadar[35]
Small Planet Airlines	Seasonal charter: Ivalo
Thomas Cook Airlines	Antalya, Lanzarote, Tenerife–South Seasonal: Alicante, Almeria (ends 18 October 2017),[36] Bourgas, Cancún, Corfu, Dalaman, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Heraklion, Hurghada (begins 3 November 2017),[37] Ibiza, Kos (begins 7 May 2018), [38] Larnaca, Las Vegas, Menorca, Orlando, Palma de Mallorca, Reus, Rhodes, Zakynthos
Thomson Airways	Alicante, Fuerteventura (ends 21 October 2017),[39] Lanzarote, Sal, Tenerife–South Seasonal: Burgas, Cancún, Corfu, Dalaman, Dubrovnik, Gran Canaria, Heraklion, Ibiza,Larnaca, Málaga (ends 6 May 2018),[40] Mahón, Naples, Orlando/Sanford, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Reus, Rhodes[41], Salzburg (begins 26 May 2018)[42], Zante[43] Seasonal charter: Chambéry, Geneva, Turin, Verona, Zakynthos
United Airlines	Seasonal: Newark[44]
Virgin Atlantic	Seasonal: Orlando
WestJet	Seasonal: Halifax, Toronto–Pearson
Wizz Air	Bucharest, Budapest, Gdańsk, Katowice, Warsaw–Chopin

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
FedEx Feeder operated by ASL Airlines Ireland	Newcastle upon Tyne, Paris–Charles de Gaulle
FedEx Feeder operated by Swiftair	London–Stansted

Statistics

Annual traffic data

Passenger traffic at Glasgow Airport reached a record high in 2016 when nearly 9.4 million passengers passed through the airport.^[2]

	Number of Passengers[note 1]	Number of Movements[note 2]	Freight (tonnes)[note 1]
1997	6,117,006	98,204	10,574
1998	6,566,927	100,942	8,517
1999	6,813,955	101,608	8,972
2000	6,965,500	104,929	8,545
2001	7,292,327	110,408	5,928
2002	7,803,627	104,393	5,041
2003	8,129,713	105,597	4,927
2004	8,575,039	107,885	8,122
2005	8,792,915	110,581	8,733
2006	8,848,755	110,034	6,289
2007	8,795,653	108,305	4,276
2008	8,178,891	100,087	3,546
2009	7,225,021	85,281	2,334
2010	6,548,865	77,755	2,914
2011	6,880,217	78,111	2,430
2012	7,157,859	80,472	9,497
2013	7,363,764	79,520	11,837
2014	7,715,988	84,000	15,411
2015	8,714,307	90,790	13,193
2016	9,327,193	98,217	12,921
Source: United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority[2]

Busiest routes

Busiest routes to and from Glasgow (2016)^[45]

Rank	Airport	Total passengers	Change 2015 / 16
1	London–Heathrow	893,846	1.5%
2	London–Stansted	652,434	22.3%
3	London–Gatwick	608,550	0.6%
4	Dublin	486,886	8.5%
5	Amsterdam	436,675	2.6%
6	Dubai–International	428,098	0.4%
7	Bristol	297,295	11.3%
8	Belfast–International	282,375	6.0%
9	Tenerife–South	277,518	13.8%
10	London–City	235,075	1.4%
11	Alicante	233,184	22.4%
12	Birmingham	226,731	0.0%
13	Palma de Mallorca	225,687	5.4%
14	London–Luton	214,693	0.2%
15	Málaga	187,604	13.6%
16	Southampton	179,436	13.3%
17	Belfast–City	169,839	9.5%
18	Berlin–Schonefeld	168,558	91.4%
19	Paris–Charles de Gaulle	152,404	37.5%
20	Lanzarote	136,197	14.1%

Accidents and incidents

• On 3 September 1999, a Cessna 404 carrying nine Airtours staff from Glasgow to Aberdeen on a transfer flight, crashed minutes after take off near the town of Linwood, Renfrewshire. Eight people were killed and three seriously injured. No one on the ground was hurt. A fatal accident inquiry into the accident later found that the aircraft developed an engine malfunction during take off. Although the captain decided to return to the airfield, he mistakenly identified the working engine as the faulty one and shut it down, causing the aircraft to crash.
• On 30 June 2007, a day after the failed car bomb attacks in London, an attack at Glasgow International Airport occurred. A flaming Jeep Cherokee was driven into the entrance of Main Terminal. Two men, one alight, fled the vehicle before being apprehended by a combination of police officers, airport security officers and witnesses. One of the men died in the following months due to injuries sustained in the attack. New barriers and security measures have been added to prevent a similar incident from taking place.^[46]

Ground transport

The airport is currently linked to Glasgow City Centre by Glasgow Shuttle bus service 500. This is run by First Glasgow under contract to Glasgow Airport. Started in 2011, the service runs 24 hours a day, direct via the M8 motorway. McGill's Bus Services service 757 links the airport with Paisley Gilmour Street railway station, Paisley town centre, Erskine & Clydebank. This bus accepts National Rail tickets between Glasgow Airport and any railway station.

References

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links

Media related to Glasgow International Airport at Wikimedia Commons

• Official website