Galungan

Galungan
Penjor lining a road in Bali at Galungan
Also called	Galungan
Observed by	Balinese Hinduism
Type	Hindus, cultural
Observances	Prayers, Religious rituals
Date	Decided by the Hindu Balinese pawukon calendar
Related to	Diwali (in India), Tihar (in Nepal), Swanti (among Newar in Nepal)

Galungan is a Balinese holiday celebrating the victory of dharma over adharma.^[1] It marks the time when the ancestral spirits visit the Earth. The last day of the celebration is Kuningan, when they return. The date is calculated according to the 210-day Balinese calendar. It is similar to Diwali, celebrated by Hindus in other parts of the world. ^{[2] [3] [4]}

Significance

Galungan marks the beginning of the most important recurring religious ceremonies. The spirits of deceased relatives who have died and been cremated return to visit their former homes, and the current inhabitants have a responsibility to be hospitable through prayers and offerings. The most obvious sign of the celebrations are the penjor - bamboo poles with offerings suspended at the end. These are installed by the side of roads. A number of days around the Kuningan day have special names, and are marked by the organization of particular activities.^[5]

Dates

Galungan begins on the Wednesday (Buda) of Dunggulan, the 11th week of the 210-day pawukon calendar. This means that there are often two celebrations per solar year. Dates for 2015-2017 are as follows:^[6]

References

• About.com Southeast Asia TravelSearch Accessed 30 July 2015
• Eiseman, Fred B. Jr, Bali: Sekala and Niskala Volume I: Essays on Religion, Ritual and Art pp 182-185, Periplus Editions, 1989 ISBN 0-945971-03-6
• Pancorbo, Lo balinés", en "Fiestas del Mundo. Las Máscaras de la Luna". pp. 33–41. Ediciones del Serbal, Barcelona, 1996.

Notes

External links

• Video documenting Galungan ceremony preparations on Bali part 1, part2
• How Galungan is celebrated in Bali