French ironclad Dévastation

History
France
Name: Dévastation
Builder: Lorient
Laid down: 20 December 1875[1]
Launched: 19 August 1879[1]
Completed: 15 July 1882[1]
Out of service: 1922[2]
Fate: Scrapped 1923[1]
General characteristics
Class and type: Dévastation class battleship
Type: Battleship with central battery and barbettes
Displacement:
  • 9,659 tonnes
  • 10,090 tonnes full load[1]
Length:
  • 95 m (312 ft) between perpendiculars
  • 98.70 m waterline
  • 10.25 m overall[1]
Beam: 21.25 m (69.7 ft)[1]
Draught:
  • 7.51 m (24.6 ft) loaded draught forward
  • 8.10 m loaded draught aft
  • 7.80 m loaded draught amidships[1]
Depth of hold: 7.34 m (24.1 ft)[1]
Installed power: 12 boilers, 2 Woolf triple expansion engines totally 8,000 ihp (6,000 kW)[1]
Propulsion: twin screw (5.24 m diameter) + sail
Sail plan: ship rig, sail area 1,833 m²[1]
Speed: 15 kn (28 km/h) at full load (steam)[1]
Range: 3,100 nmi (5,700 km) at 10 kn (19 km/h) (steam)[1]
Complement: 689[2]
Armament:
  • As built:
  • 4 × 34cm/18 model 1875
  • 4 × 27cm/18 model 1870M
  • 6 × 14cm model 1870M
  • 18 × 37mm Hotchkiss revolving cannon
  • 4 × 14in torpedo tubes
  • State in May 1896:
  • 4 × 320mm/25 model 1870-81
  • 4 × 274.4mm model 1875
  • 6 × 138.6mm
  • 2 × 65mm
  • 6 × 47mm QF
  • 20 × 37mm QF
  • 2 × 14in torpedo tubes
  • After March 1902 refit:
  • 4 × 274.4mm model 1893
  • 2 × 240mm/40 model 1893/96
  • 10 × 100mm model 1891 and 1892
  • 14 × 47mm QF
  • 2 × 37mm QF[1][2]
Armour:
  • wrought iron
  • 38cm belt amidships
  • 24cm redoubt
  • 6cm main deck[1]

The Dévastation was an ironclad battleship of the French Navy of central battery (casemate) design. She was used as a school ship for manoeuvres.

In 1922, she sank off Lorient, France. She was refloated on 18 April 1927.[3]

Commanding officers of Dévastation

Date Commanding Officer
6 October 1880 Captain Rallier[1]
18 August 1882 Captain Boucheron de Boissondy[1]
16 December 1882 Captain Olliver[1]
25 December 1884 Captain Dupuis[1]
31 January 1885 Captain Le Bourgeois[1]
11 December 1886 Captain Dieulouard[1]
27 December 1887 Captain Boulineau[1]
26 November 1890 Captain Floucaud de Fourcroy[1]
27 August 1891 Captain Gigon[1]
24 September 1892 Captain Caillard[1]
20 February 1893 Captain Marquis[1]
13 June 1893 Captain Pissere[1]
9 March 1895 Captain Antoine[1]
19 March 1896 Captain Bellue[1]
20 May 1897 Captain Cordier[1]
29 November 1897 Captain Fortin[1]
26 January 1901 Captain Simon (EP)[1]

Flag officers flying their flag in Dévastation

Start End Flag Officer
1 August 1882 14 November 1882 Vice-Admiral Thomasset,
C-in-C, Reserve Squadron[1]
17 February 1885 17 January 1886 Rear-Admiral Rallier,
Evolutionary Squadron[1]
17 January 1886 18 December 1887 Rear-Admiral Devaresse,
Evolutionary Squadron[1]
18 December 1887 27 October 1889 Rear-Admiral Alquier,
Evolutionary Squadron[1]
15 October 1892 11 March 1893 Rear-Admiral Buge,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
12 March 1893 17 June 1893 Rear-Admiral Dupont,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
18 June 1893 14 March 1895 Rear-Admiral Gadaud,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
14 March 1895 5 May 1896 Rear-Admiral Maigret,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
5 May 1896 7 February 1897 Rear-Admiral Pottier,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
20 January 1898 14 March 1898 Rear-Admiral Godin,
commanding the Division of the Reserve[1]

Note: Rear-admirals of the Evolutionary Squadron were under the command of the vice-admiral of the squadron.

French ironclad Dévastation (in the middle of the photo) in Brest, 1912

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 Saibène, Marc, Les Cuirasses Redoutable, Dévastation, Courbet, Programme de 1872, pub Marine Édition, ISBN 2-909675-16-5
  2. 1 2 3 Chesnau, Roger and Kolesnik, Eugene (Ed.) Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1860-1905. Conway Maritime Press, 1979. ISBN 0-8317-0302-4
  3. ↑ "(untitled)". The Times (44559). London. 19 April 1927. col F, p. 12.


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