Frederick, Duke of Bohemia
| Frederick of Bohemia | |
|---|---|
| Duke of Bohemia | |
 Seal of Duke Frederick | |
| Duke of Bohemia | |
| Reign | 1172 – 1173 |
| Predecessor | Vladislav II of Bohemia |
| Successor | Soběslav II |
| Reign | 1178 – 1189 |
| Predecessor | Soběslav II |
| Successor | Conrad II |
| Born | c. 1142 |
| Died | 25 March 1189 (aged 46–47) |
| Spouse | Elisabeth of Hungary |
| Issue |
Vratislaus of Bohemia Helena of Bohemia Sophia of Bohemia Ludmilla of Bohemia Olga of Bohemia Margaret of Bohemia |
| Dynasty | Přemyslid |
| Father | Vladislav II of Bohemia |
| Mother | Gertrude of Babenberg |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
Frederick (Czech: Bedřich) (died 25 March 1189) was the Duke of Olomouc from 1164, then Duke of Bohemia from 1172 to 1173 and again from 1178 to his death. He was the son of King Vladislaus II, who abdicated in 1172 in his favour. He was unable to hold on to his duchy, however, because his tenancy was approved by neither the national diet nor the emperor. He was deposed in September the year following by the emperor at the Diet of Hermsdorf. The Emperor Frederick I, godfather and namesake of Frederick, nominated Oldřich, son of Soběslav I, but he renounced the throne in favour of Soběslav II, who was sympathetic to the peasantry, but antagonistic to both nobles and the emperor.
Frederick allied with the emperor and defeated Soběslav at the battles of Loděnice and Prague. The emperor recognised Frederick as an imperial prince, but he also raised the bishop of Prague, Henry Bretislaus, to princely status, making him a direct vassal of the emperor. He also appointed Conrad Otto margrave over Moravia and thus divided the duchy into three parts dependent on him. When Frederick, who was practically a puppet of the emperor, died, he was succeeded by Conrad Otto.
By his marriage to Elizabeth, daughter of Géza II of Hungary, he had the following issue:
- Helena (b.1158), affianced to Peter, son of Manuel I Komnenos, in 1164
- Sophia (died 25 May 1185), married Albert, Margrave of Meissen
- Ludmilla (died 14 August 1240), married Count Albert III of Bogen in 1184, and then Louis I, Duke of Bavaria, in 1204
- Vratislaus (d.1180)
- Olga (fl.c.1163)
- Margaret (died 28 August 1167)
Ancestry
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| Regnal titles | ||
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| Preceded by Vladislaus II |
Duke of Bohemia 1172–1173 |
Succeeded by Soběslav II |
| Preceded by Soběslav II |
Duke of Bohemia 1178–1189 |
Succeeded by Conrad II |
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