Formakin House

Formakin House
Formakin entrance gates
Coordinates	55°54′20″N 4°32′43″W / 55.9055°N 4.5452°W / 55.9055; -4.5452Coordinates: 55°54′20″N 4°32′43″W / 55.9055°N 4.5452°W / 55.9055; -4.5452
Listed Building – Category B
Designated	10 June 1971
Reference no.	10903
Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland
Designated	1987
Location of Formakin House in Renfrewshire

Formakin House is an early 20th-century mansion and estate in Renfrewshire, Scotland. It is located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of the Firth of Clyde, and 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) west of Bishopton. Formakin was designed by Robert Lorimer for wealthy businessman John Holms, though the main house was never completed. It declined during the 20th century, but in the 1990s, restoration of the estate buildings was completed.

The house is protected as a category A listed building,^[1] and the grounds are included in the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland, the national listing of significant gardens.^[2]

History

Formakin was the creation of John Augustus Holms (d. 1938), a stockbroker and art collector from Paisley. He purchased Millbank Farm, as it was then known, in 1902 and commissioned a new house that would contain his art collection, from his friend, the architect Robert Lorimer. Lorimer initially prepared plans for the estate, which was laid out from 1903. In 1907 the entrance lodges and stables were designed. The following year Lorimer converted the Old Meal Mill by the Dargavel Burn, where Holms lived while the new house was underway.^[3]

Lorimer produced designs for the house in 1909, in the style of a 17th-century Scottish tower house. Other buildings on the estate follow the same pattern. The former stable or bothy block, now known as the Miller's Tower, bears a stone inscribed with the date "1694", with the letters "DL" standing for "damned lie".^[4][5] Peter Anderson Graham, editor of Country Life, when shown a photograph of the building believed that it did in fact date to the 17th century.^[5] The gate lodges are topped with stone monkeys, earning the local nickname "The Monkey House".^[6] The walled garden and other planting in the grounds was designed by Lorimer under the guidance of Gertrude Jekyll.^[3]

The shell of the house had been completed by 1913, when work stopped.^[3] Holms had lost money on a bad speculation, and a fall from a horse supposedly upset his mental balance.^[5] Further work was carried out in 1920, but the house was never completed. Nevertheless, Holms continued to live on the estate, giving dinner parties in the half-finished house.^[5]

After Holms

When Holms died in debt in 1938, Formakin was sold to the Bradford-born entrepreneur Albert Ernest Pickard, owner of the Britannia Panopticon among other Glasgow ventures.^[7] It was requisitioned by the military during the Second World War, and maintenance began to decline.^[3] By the 1970s the buildings and grounds were derelict. After the Pickards died, a proposal was put forward to develop 195 houses on the estate, but planning permission was refused.^[5] Renfrew District Council campaigned to save the estate, eventually purchasing it in 1984 with funding from the National Heritage Memorial Fund.^[3] Formakin was operated as a visitor attraction for a time, and plans were made to redevelop the buildings and grounds. The venture was not successful, and Formakin was sold to developer Kit Martin, a specialist in country house restoration. Between 1988 and 1999 the estate buildings were restored and converted into 17 dwellings.^[5] Parts of the estate are now open to the public, and the Millers House is operated as bed and breakfast accommodation.

See also

• Làrach Mòr, John Holms' Rhododendron garden in the Highlands

References

External links

• Formakin House, Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland website
• Formakin (The Monkey) House, Secret Scotland
• Walks around Renfrewshire: Formakin Estate, Renfrewshire Council
• The Millers House B&B