Flavobacterium columnare

Flavobacterium columnare
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Bacteroidetes
Class: Flavobacteria
Order: Flavobacteriales
Family: Flavobacteriaceae
Genus: Flavobacterium
Species: F. columnare
Binomial name
Flavobacterium columnare

Flavobacterium columnare is a thin Gram-negative rod bacterium of the genus Flavobacterium. The name derives from the way in which the organism grows in rhizoid columnar formations.[1]

The species was first described by Davis (1922), and the name was validated by Bernardet and Grimont (1989).[2]

F. columnare can be identified in the laboratory by a five-step method that demonstrates:

  1. the ability to grow on a medium containing neomycin and polymyxin B
  2. production of yellow pigmented rhizoid (root-like in appearance) colonies
  3. production of a gelatin-degrading enzyme
  4. binding of Congo red dye to the colony
  5. production of a chondroitin sulfate-degrading enzyme[3]

The species has been known previously as Flexibacter columnaris, Bacillus columnaris, and Cytophaga columnaris.

F. columnare is one of the oldest known diseases among warm-water fish, and manifests itself as an infection commonly known as columnaris. Infections are the second leading cause of mortality in pond raised catfish in the southeastern United States.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Declercq, Annelies Maria; Haesebrouck, Freddy; Van Den Broeck, Wim; Bossier, Peter; Decostere, Annemie (2013). "Columnaris disease in fish: A review with emphasis on bacterium-host interactions". Veterinary Research. 44: 27. PMC 3648355 Freely accessible. PMID 23617544. doi:10.1186/1297-9716-44-27.
  2. ↑ Bertolini, J. M.; Rohovec, J.S. (1992). "Electrophoretic detection of proteases from different Flexibacter columnaris strains and assessment of their variability". Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 12: 121–128. doi:10.3354/dao012121.
  3. 1 2 Durborrow, RM; Thune, RL; Hawke, JP; Camus, AC (1988). "Columnaris Disease - A Bacterial Infection Caused by Flavobacterium columnare" (PDF). SRAC Publication (479). Retrieved 10 July 2016.


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