Fidelity
Fidelity is the quality of faithfulness or loyalty. Its original meaning regarded duty in a broader sense than the related concept of fealty. Both derive from the Latin word fidēlis, meaning "faithful or loyal". In the City of London financial markets it has traditionally been used in the sense encompassed in the motto "My word is my bond".
Audio
Fidelity also denotes how accurately a copy reproduces its source. For example, a worn gramophone I record will have a lower fidelity than one in good condition, and a recording made by a low budget record company in the early 20th century is likely to have significantly less audio fidelity than a good modern recording. In the 1950s, the terms "high fidelity" or "hi-fi" were popularized for equipment and recordings which exhibited more accurate sound reproduction. The converse term "lo-fi", does not necessarily mean "low fidelity", rather that the production ethic aims for "gritty authenticity" over perfect production. Similarly in electronics, fidelity refers to the correspondence of the output signal to the input signal, rather than sound quality, as in the popular internet connection technology "Wi-Fi".
Scientific modelling and simulation
In the fields of scientific modelling and simulation, fidelity refers to the degree to which a model or simulation reproduces the state and behaviour of a real world object, feature or condition. Fidelity is therefore a measure of the realism of a model or simulation.[1] Simulation fidelity has also been described in the past as "degree of similarity".[2] In quantum mechanics and optics,[3] the fidelity of a field is calculated as an overlap integral of the field of interest with a reference or target field.
Program evaluation
In the field of program evaluation, the term fidelity denotes how closely a set of procedures were implemented as they were supposed to have been. For example, it is difficult to draw conclusions from a study about formative assessment in school classrooms if the teachers are not able or willing to follow the procedures they received in training.[4]
References
- ↑ "SISO-REF-002-1999: Fidelity Implementation Study Group Report". Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization. 1999. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
- ↑ Hays, R. T.; Singer, M. J. (1989). Simulation fidelity in training system design: Bridging the gap between reality and training. Springer-Verlag.
- ↑ Bowman, D.; Harte, T. L.; Chardonnet, V.; Groot, C. De; Denny, S. J.; Goc, G. Le; Anderson, M.; Ireland, P.; Cassettari, D. (2017-05-15). "High-fidelity phase and amplitude control of phase-only computer generated holograms using conjugate gradient minimisation". Optics Express. 25 (10): 11692–11700. ISSN 1094-4087. arXiv:1701.08620
. doi:10.1364/OE.25.011692. - ↑ O'Donnell, Carol L. (2008). "Defining, Conceptualizing, and Measuring Fidelity of Implementation and Its Relationship to Outcomes in K–12 Curriculum Intervention Research". Review of Educational Research. 78 (1): 33–84. doi:10.3102/0034654307313793.