Ficus (gastropod)

Ficus
Dorsal view of a shell of Ficus gracilis
Five views of a shell of Ficus gracilis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Clade:	Caenogastropoda
Clade:	Hypsogastropoda
Clade:	Littorinimorpha
Superfamily:	Ficoidea
Family:	Ficidae
Genus:	Ficus Röding, 1798[1][2]
Type species
Ficus ficus Linnaeus, C., 1758
Synonyms[3]
Ficula Swainson, 1835 Pirula Montfort, 1810 Pyrula Lamarck, 1799 Sycotypus Gray, 1847

Ficus is a genus of large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Ficidae, the fig shells.^[3]

This is the type genus of the family Ficidae. Previously it has been categorized in the family Muricidae by Tryon, 1873) and Tritonidae (by Mörch)

Description

The light, pyriform shell is ventricose, ribbed, and cancellated. The spire very short. The aperture large. The smooth columella is simple. The elongated canal is straight. The thin outer lip is entire. There is no umbilicus.^[4]

Species

Species within the genus Ficus include:

• Ficus eospila (Péron & Lesueur, 1807)
• Ficus ficus Linnaeus, C., 1758^[5]
• Ficus filosa (G. B. Sowerby III, 1892)^[6]
• Ficus gracilis (Sowerby, G.B. I, 1825)
• † Ficus holmesii Conrad, 1867^[7]
• Ficus investigatoris (Smith, E. A., 1906)^[8]
• Ficus lindae Petuch, 1988^[9]
• Ficus papyratia (Say, 1822)^[10]
• Ficus pellucida Deshayes, 1856^[11]
• Ficus variegata Röding, 1798^[12]
• Ficus ventricosa (Sowerby, G. B. (I), 1825)^[13]

Species brought into synonymy

• Ficus atlanticus Clench & Aguayo, 1940  : synonym of Ficus pellucida Deshayes, 1856
• Ficus carolae Clench, 1945  : synonym of Ficus papyratia carolae Clench, 1945
• Ficus communis Röding, 1798:^[14] synonym of Ficus ficus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ficus ficoides (Lamarck, 1822)  : synonym of Ficus ficus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ficus filosus (G. B. Sowerby III, 1892)  : synonym of Ficus filosa (G. B. Sowerby III, 1892)
• Ficus howelli Clench & Aguayo, 1940  : synonym of Ficus pellucida Deshayes, 1856
• Ficus lindae Petuch, 1988  : synonym of Ficus papyratia lindae Petuch, 1988
• Ficus margaretae Iredale, 1931  : synonym of Ficus ficus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ficus pellucidus Deshayes, 1856 accepted as Ficus pellucida Deshayes, 1856
• Ficus subintermedius (d'Orbigny, 1852)  : synonym of Ficus ficus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ficus tessellatus (Kobelt, 1881)  : synonym of Ficus eospila (Péron & Lesueur, 1807)
• Ficus variegatus Röding, 1798  : synonym of Ficus variegata Röding, 1798
• Ficus ventricosus (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)  : synonym of Ficus ventricosa (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
• Ficus villai Petuch, 1998:^[15] synonym of Ficus papyratia villai Petuch, 1998

References

• Lamarck J.-B. (M. de) (1799). Prodrome d'une nouvelle classification des coquilles, comprenant une rédaction appropriée des caractères géneriques, et l'établissement d'un grand nombre de genres nouveaux. Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1: 63-91
• Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp
• Verhaeghe, M. & Poppe, G. T., 2000 A Conchological Iconography (3), The Family Ficidae