Pratt & Whitney R-1690 Hornet

R-1690 Hornet

Pratt & Whitney Hornet, at the Deutsches Museum, Munich.
Type	Radial engine
National origin	United States
Manufacturer	Pratt & Whitney
First run	June 1926
Major applications	Lockheed Lodestar O2U Corsair Sikorsky S-42
Number built	2,944
Developed into	Pratt & Whitney R-1860 BMW 132

The Pratt & Whitney R-1690 Hornet was a widely used aircraft engine. Developed by Pratt & Whitney, 2,944 were produced from 1926 through 1942.^[1] It first flew in 1927. It was a single-row, 9-cylinder air-cooled radial design. Displacement was 1,690 cubic inches (27.7 L). It was built under licence in Italy as the Fiat A.59. In Germany, the BMW 132 was a developed version of this engine. The R-1860 Hornet B was an enlarged version produced from 1929.

Variants

R-1690-3: 525 hp (392 kW)
R-1690-5: 525 hp (392 kW)
R-1690-11: 775 hp (578 kW)
R-1690-13: 625 hp (466 kW)
R-1690-S5D1G: 700 hp (522 kW)
R-1690-52: 750 hp (559 kW)
R-1690-SDG
R-1690-S1EG: 750 hp (559 kW)
R-1690-S2EG
R-1690-25: 850 hp (634 kW)
R-1690-S1C3G: 1,050 hp (780 kW)
Fiat A.59 R.: Licence built in Italy with reduction gearing.
Fiat A.59 R.C.: Licence built in Italy with reduction gearing and supercharger.
BMW Hornet: Licence production of the Hornet in Germany, independently developed as the BMW 132.

Applications

Bach Air Yacht
Bellanca 31-40
Boeing 80
Boeing Model 95
Boeing Model 299
Burnelli UB-14
Douglas O-38
Focke-Wulf Fw 200 V1
Junkers Ju-52
Junkers Ju 86
Junkers W 34
Keystone B-3
Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra (L-14H)
Lockheed Lodestar (C-56A, C-56B, C-56C, C-56D, C-56E, C-59/Mk 1a)
Martin XB-14
Vought O2U Corsair
Sikorsky S-40A
Sikorsky S-42
Sikorsky S-43
Wedell-Williams Model 44

Engines on display

There is a R-1690 on display at the New England Air Museum, Bradley International Airport, Windsor Locks, CT.^[2]

Specifications (R-1690 SIE-G)

R-1690 with chamber walls cut away to show internal workings

Data from ^[3]

General characteristics

Type: Nine-cylinder single-row supercharged air-cooled radial engine
Bore: 6 ¹⁄₈ in (155.6 mm)
Stroke: 6 ³⁄₈ in (161.9 mm)
Displacement: 1,690.5 in³ (27.7 l)
Length: 50.98 in (1,295 mm)
Diameter: 54.41 in (1,382 mm)
Dry weight: 1,014 lb (460 kg)

Components

Valvetrain: Pushrod-actuated
Supercharger: Single-speed centrifugal type supercharger, 12.0:1 gear ratio
Fuel system: Two-barrel Stromberg carburetor
Fuel type: 87 octane rating gasoline
Cooling system: Air-cooled
Reduction gear: Epicyclic gearing, 2:3

Performance

Power output:
789 hp (589 kW) at 2,300 rpm for takeoff
740 hp (552 kW) at 2,250 rpm at 7,000 ft (2,135 m)
Specific power: 0.47 hp/in³ (21.26 kW/l)
Compression ratio: 6.0:1
Specific fuel consumption: 0.6 lb/(hp•h) (362 g/(kW•h))
Oil consumption: 0.42 oz/(hp•h) (16 g/(kW•h))
Power-to-weight ratio: 0.78 hp/lb (1.28 kW/kg)

References

↑ Pratt & Whitney - R-1690 page Retrieved: 25 October 2008
↑ http://neam.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&layout=edit&id=1129 "Pratt & Whitney R-1690 Hornet"
↑ Tsygulev (1939). Aviacionnye motory voennykh vozdushnykh sil inostrannykh gosudarstv (Авиационные моторы военных воздушных сил иностранных государств) (in Russian). Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe voennoe izdatelstvo Narkomata Oborony Soyuza SSR.

Gunston, Bill (2006). World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited. ISBN 0-7509-4479-X.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pratt & Whitney R-1690.

Pratt & Whitney R-1690 page

Pratt & Whitney aircraft engines
Radial engines	R-985 R-1340 R-1535 R-1690 R-1830 R-1860 R-2000 R-2060 R-2180-A R-2180-E R-2270 R-2800 R-4360 Double Wasp Hornet (A) Hornet B Twin Hornet Twin Wasp (R-1830) Twin Wasp (R-2000) Twin Wasp E Twin Wasp Junior Wasp series Wasp Wasp Junior Wasp Major Yellow Jacket
H piston engines	X-1800/XH-2600 XH-3130 (XH-3730)
Free-piston gas turbines	PT1
Turbojets	JT3C JT4 JT6 JT7 JT8A JT9 JT11 JT12 J42 J48 J52 J57 J58 J60 J75 J91
Turbofans	GP7000† JT3D JT4D JT8D JT9D JTF10 JTF10A JT10D JTF14 JTF16 JTF17 JTF22 PW1000G PW1120 PW2000 PW4000 PW5000 PW6000 STF200 SuperFan† V2500† F100 F105 F117 F119 F135 F401 TF30 TF33 RM8
Turboprops/Turboshafts	APW34† JFTD12 PT2 PT3 PT4 PT5 T34 XT45 T52 XT57 T73 T800-APW†
Propfans	578-DX†
Rocket engines	RL10
Aeroderivative gas turbine engines	GG3/FT3 GG4/FT4 FT8
Subsidiaries	Pratt & Whitney Canada Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne
Key people	Leonard S. Hobbs George J. Mead Wright Parkins Perry Pratt Frederick Rentschler Richard "Dick" Soderberg Andrew Willgoos
† Joint development aeroengines

Fiat aircraft engines
Piston engines	A.10 A.12 A.14 A.15 A.18 A.20 A.22 A.24 A.25 A.30 A.50 A.53 A.54 A.55 A.58 A.59 A.60 A.70 A.74 A.76 A.78 A.80 A.82 AN.1 AS.2 AS.3 AS.5 AS.6 AS.8 SA8/75 S.55
Turbine engines	4002 4004 4301 4700

United States military piston aircraft engine designation system
H (four-bank H-configuration inline)	H-1640 XH-2240 H-2470 XH-2600 XH-3130 XH-3730 H-4070
I (inverted-V inline)	IV-1430 IV-2040 IV-2220
L (single-bank inline)	L-330 L-365 L-375 L-390 L-410 L-440 L-510 L-825
O (opposed)	O-15 O-40 O-45 O-90 O-100 O-145 O-150 O-170 O-175 O-180 O-190 O-200 (C) O-200 (F) O-205 O-235 O-290 O-300 O-335 O-360 (C) O-360 (L) O-405 O-425 O-435 O-470 O-480 O-520 O-540 (F) O-540 (L) O-550 O-580 O-805 O-1230
R (radial)	R-250 R-265 R-270 R-370 (LB) R-370 (K) R-420 R-440 R-500 R-540 (W) R-540 (K) R-545 R-550 R-600 R-670 R-680 R-720 R-755 R-760 R-790 R-830 R-915 R-975 DR-980 R-985 R-1044 R-1300 R-1340 R-1454 R-1510 R-1535 R-1640 R-1670 R-1690 R-1750 R-1820 R-1830 R-1860 R-2000 R-2060 R-2160 R-2180 R-2600 R-2800 R-3350 R-4090 R-4360 XR-7755
V (upright-V inline)	V-720 V-770 V-1150 V-1237 V-1400 V-1410 V-1440 V-1460 V-1510 V-1560 V-1570 V-1650 (L) V-1650 (P) V-1710 V-1950 V-3420
W (three-bank W-configuration inline)	W-2779
See also: X-1800 US military gas turbine aeroengines Piston engine configurations

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