Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park
| Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park | |
|---|---|
| Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha | |
|
IUCN category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources) | |
  | |
| Nearest city | Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco |
| Coordinates | 3°52′01″S 32°26′46″W / 3.867°S 32.446°WCoordinates: 3°52′01″S 32°26′46″W / 3.867°S 32.446°W |
| Designation | National park |
| Administrator | Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation |
Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park (Portuguese: Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha) is a national park in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil.
Location
The Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park covers part of the island of Fernando de Noronha, a municipality of Pernambuco.[1] It has an area of 10,927.64 hectares (27,002.8 acres).[2] The Fernando de Noronha Environmental Protection Area covers the urban part of the island of Fernando de Noronha, while the Fernando de Noronha National Park covers the rest. The area includes a large marine extension to the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, which is also in the National Park.[3]
Administration
The Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park was created by federal decree 96.693 of 14 September 1988. It is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio).[2] The park is classed as IUCN protected area category II (national park). The objective is to preserve a natural ecosystem of great ecological relevance and scenic beauty, and to support scientific research, environmental education and interpretation, outdoors recreation and ecotourism.[1]
The unofficial management plan was released on 31 December 1990. The advisory council was named on 31 December 2001. A revised management plan with various studies was issued on 29 November 2010.[4]
Environment
Much of the original vegetation of the island was cut when it was used as a prison, to make it harder for prisoners to hide. After that non-native species, particularly flaxseed, were introduced to feed livestock and have spread uncontrollably. The teju lizard was introduced in an unsuccessful attempt to control an infestation of rats, and the lizard is also a problem. Despite the stated objective of recovery of the environment, sheep continued to be farmed on the island.[5]
Protected birds in the park include Noronha elaenia (Elaenia ridleyana), red-billed tropicbird (Phaethon aethereus), white-tailed tropicbird (Phaethon lepturus), Audubon's shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri), Noronha vireo (Vireo gracilirostris). Other protected species in the park include the crabs Johngarthia lagostoma and Percnon gibbesi, the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta), green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata), olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), the lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris), the starfish Echinaster (Othilia) guyanensis, the slate pencil urchin (Eucidaris tribuloides), the sea ginger coral Millepora alcicornis and the coral Phyllogorgia dilatata,[2]
Notes
Sources
- Área de Proteção Ambiental Fernando de Noronha - Rocas - São Pedro e São Paulo (in Portuguese), Parque Nacional Marinho Fernando de Noronha, retrieved 2016-04-21
- "Área de Proteção Ambiental de Fernando de Noronha - Rocas - São Pedro e São Paulo", Via Rural (in Portuguese), retrieved 2016-04-21
- Parna Marinho de Fernando de Noronha (in Portuguese), Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation, retrieved 2016-06-08
- PARNA Marinho de Fernando de Noronha (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-06-08
- Unidade de Conservação: Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha (in Portuguese), MMA: Ministério do Meio Ambiente, retrieved 2016-06-08