Ezekiel 44
| Ezekiel 44 | |
|---|---|
|
Book of Ezekiel 30:13–18 in an English manuscript from early 13th century, MS. Bodl. Or. 62, fol. 59a. A Latin translation appears in the margins with further interlineations above the Hebrew. | |
| Book | Book of Ezekiel |
| Bible part | Old Testament |
| Order in the Bible part | 26 |
| Category | Nevi'im |
Ezekiel 44 is the forty-fourth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Ezekiel, and is a part of the Books of the Prophets.[3][4] Chapters 40-48 give the ideal picture of a new temple. This chapter contains Ezekiel's vision of the east gate assigned only to the prince, Ezekiel 44:1-3; the people reproved for steering strangers to pollute the sanctuary, Ezekiel 44:4-8; idolaters declared incapable of the priest’s office, Ezekiel 44:9-14; the sons of Zadok are accepted thereto, Ezekiel 44:15,16; ordinances for the priests, Ezekiel 44:17-31.[5]
Text
- The original text is written in Hebrew language.
- This chapter is divided into 31 verses.
Textual versions
The visionary Ezekiel Temple plan drawn by the 19th-century French architect and Bible scholar Charles Chipiez
Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:
Ancient translations in Koine Greek:
- Septuagint (3rd century BC)
- Theodotion version (~AD 180)
Structure
NKJV groups this chapter into:
- Ezekiel 44:1-3 = The East Gate and the Prince
- Ezekiel 44:4-9 = Those Admitted to the Temple
- Ezekiel 44:10-31 = Laws Governing Priests
Verse 2
- And the Lord said to me, “This gate shall be shut; it shall not be opened, and no man shall enter by it, because the Lord God of Israel has entered by it; therefore it shall be shut.” (NKJV)[6]
- The vision was given on the 25th anniversary of Ezekiel's exile, "April 28, 573 BCE";[7] 14 years after the fall of Jerusalem and 12 years after the last messages of hope in chapter 39.[8]
Verse 3
- “As for the prince, because he is the prince, he may sit in it to eat bread before the Lord; he shall enter by way of the vestibule of the gateway, and go out the same way.” (NKJV)[9]
Verse 5
- And the Lord said to me, “Son of man, mark well, see with your eyes and hear with your ears, all that I say to you concerning all the ordinances of the house of the Lord and all its laws. Mark well who may enter the house and all who go out from the sanctuary.” (NKJV)[10]
- "Son of man" (Hebrew: בן־אדם ḇen-’ā-ḏām): this phrase is used 93 times to address Ezekiel,[11] differing the creator God from His creatures, and to put Ezekiel as a "representative member of the human race."[12]
Verse 15
- “But the priests, the Levites, the sons of Zadok, who kept charge of My sanctuary when the children of Israel went astray from Me, they shall come near Me to minister to Me; and they shall stand before Me to offer to Me the fat and the blood,” says the Lord God. (NKJV)[13]
- Ezekiel belongs to the group of Zadokite priests (1 Chronicles 6:50-53: 1 Chronicles 24:31), tracing the ancestry back to Eleazar, Aaron's son.[14]
See also
- Related Bible parts: 1 Kings 6, 2 Chronicles 3, Isaiah 2, Ezekiel 1, Ezekiel 40, Ezekiel 41, Ezekiel 42, Revelation 21
Notes and references
- ↑ Halley, Henry H. Halley's Bible Handbook: an Abbreviated Bible Commentary. 23rd edition. Zondervan Publishing House. 1962.
- ↑ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
- ↑ J. D. Davis. 1960. A Dictionary of The Bible. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House.
- ↑ Therodore Hiebert, et.al. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VI. Nashville: Abingdon.
- ↑ Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. 1871.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. - ↑ Ezekiel 44:2
- ↑ The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, Augmented Third Edition, New Revised Standard Version, Indexed. Michael D. Coogan, Marc Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, Editors. Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 2007. p. 1240 Hebrew Bible. ISBN 978-0195288810
- ↑ The Nelson Study Bible 1997, p. 1399.
- ↑ Ezekiel 44:3
- ↑ Ezekiel 44:5
- ↑ Bromiley 1995, p. 574.
- ↑ The Nelson Study Bible 1997, p. 1337.
- ↑ Ezekiel 44:15
- ↑ The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, Augmented Third Edition, New Revised Standard Version, Indexed. Michael D. Coogan, Marc Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, Editors. Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 2007. p. 1245 Hebrew Bible. ISBN 978-0195288810
Bibliography
- Bromiley, Geoffrey W. (1995). International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: vol. iv, Q-Z. Eerdmans.
- Brown, Francis; Briggs, Charles A.; Driver, S. R. (1994). The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon (reprint ed.). Hendrickson Publishers. ISBN 978-1565632066.
- Clements, Ronald E (1996). Ezekiel. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664252724.
- Gesenius, H. W. F. (1979). Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Translated by Tregelles, Samuel Prideaux (7th ed.). Baker Book House.
- Joyce, Paul M. (2009). Ezekiel: A Commentary. Continuum. ISBN 9780567483614.
- The Nelson Study Bible. Thomas Nelson, Inc. 1997. ISBN 9780840715999.
External links
Jewish
Christian
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