Executive Yuan

Executive Yuan
行政院
Agency overview
Formed 25 October 1928
Jurisdiction Government of the Republic of China
Headquarters No. 1, ZhongXiao E. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei
Employees 407
Agency executives
Website www.ey.gov.tw
Executive Yuan
Chinese 行政院
Literal meaning Executive Court
Taiwan
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The Executive Yuan (EY; Chinese: 行政院; pinyin: Xíngzhèng Yuàn; Wade–Giles: Hsing2-cheng4 Yüan4; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hêng-chèng Īⁿ; literally: "Executive Court") is the executive branch of the central government of Taiwan.

Organization and structure

Executive Yuan

It is headed by a president (often translated as premier), and has a vice president (vice premier), and twelve cabinet ministers, various chairpersons of commissions, and five to nine ministers without portfolio as its members. The vice premier, ministers and chairpersons are appointed by the President of the Republic of China on the recommendation of the premier.[3]

Its formation, as one of five Yuans of the government, stemmed from the Three Principles of the People, the constitutional theory of Sun Yat-sen, but was adjusted constitutionally over the years to adapt to the situation in the ROC by changes in the laws and the Constitution of the Republic of China.

Ministries

Title Name Executive (Ministry) Minister
English Name Chinese Pinyin Pe̍h-ōe-jī
Interior 內政 Nèizhèng Lōe-chèng/Lāi-chèng Yeh Jiunn-rong
Foreign Affairs 外交 Wàijiāo Gōa-kau David Lee
National Defense 國防 Guófáng Kok-hông Feng Shih-kuan
Finance 財政 Cáizhèng Châi-chèng Sheu Yu-jer
Education 教育 Jiàoyù Kàu-io̍k Pan Wen-chung
Justice 法務 Făwù Hoat-bū Chiu Tai-san
Economic Affairs 經濟 Jīngjì Keng-chè Lee Chih-kung
Transportation and Communications 交通 Jiāotōng Kau-thong Hochen Tan
Health and Welfare 衛生福利 Wèishēng-Fúlì Ōe-seng Hok-lī/Ūi-seng Hok-lī Chen Shih-chung
Culture 文化 Wénhùa Bûn-hòa Cheng Li-chun
Labor 勞動 Láodòng Lô-tōng Lin Mei-chu
Science and Technology 科技 Kējì Kho-ki Chen Liang-gee

Councils and Commissions

Empowered by various laws, or even the Constitution, under the Executive Yuan Council several individual boards are formed to enforce different executive functions of the government. Unless regulated otherwise, the chairs are appointed by and answer to the Premier. The committee members of the boards are usually (a) governmental officials for the purpose of interdepartmental coordination and cooperation; or (b) creditable professionals for their reputation and independence.

Independent Commissions

There are, or would be, independent executive commissions under the Executive Yuan Council. The chiefs of these five institutions would not be affected by any change of the Premier. However, the related organic laws are currently under revision.

Directorates General and Agencies

Organizations no longer under Executive Yuan

Former site of Executive Yuan in Presidential Palace Complex (1928-1937)
Former site of Executive Yuan in Gulou District, Nanjing (1946-1949)

Due to periodical restructuring of the government body, there are some agencies which may be dissolved or be merged with other bigger and more active agencies. Based on Executive Yuan website, the following bodies are no longer the agencies under Executive Yuan:[4]

Dissolved or cease to function

Ministers without portfolio

In the Executive Yuan Council, the current ministers without portfolio are:[6]

Executive Yuan Council

The Executive Yuan Council, commonly referred to as "The Cabinet" (內閣), is the chief policymaking organ of the ROC government. It consists of the premier, who presides over its meetings, the vice premier, ministers without portfolio, the heads of the ministries, and the heads of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission and the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission. The secretary-general and the deputy secretary-general of the Executive Yuan also attend, as well as heads of other Executive Yuan organizations by invitation, but they have no vote. Article 58 of the Constitution empowers the Executive Yuan Council to evaluate statutory and budgetary bills concerning martial law, amnesty, declarations of war, conclusion of peace or treaties, and other important affairs before submission to the Legislative Yuan.

Relationship with the Legislative Yuan

The Executive Yuan Council must present the Legislators with an annual policy statement and an administrative report. The Legislative Committee may also summon members of the Executive Yuan Council for questioning.

Whenever there is disagreement between the Legislative Council and Executive Yuan Council, the Legislative Committee may pass a resolution asking the Executive Yuan Council to alter the policy proposal in question. The Executive Yuan may, in turn, ask the Legislators to reconsider. Afterwards, if the Legislative Council upholds the original resolution, the premier must abide by the resolution or resign. The Executive Yuan Council may also present an alternative budgetary bill if the one passed by the Legislative Committee is deemed difficult to execute.

Leaders

Executive Yuan Presidents

Executive Yuan Vice Presidents

Executive Yuan Secretary-Generals

Transportation

The Executive Yuan building is accessible within walking distance east of Taipei Railway Station or west of Shandao Temple Station of the MRT.

See also

References

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