Étienne Martin
Étienne Martin (1913–1995) was a French non-figurative sculptor.
Biography
Born Henri Étienne-Martin 4 February 1913 in Loriol, Drôme, France, Étienne Martin attended the Ecole des Beaux Arts de Lyon from 1929 to 1933, where he met Marcel Michaud. He moved to Paris in 1934, working at the studio of Charles Malfray at the Académie Ranson where he came into contact with such painters as Roger Bissière, Jean Le Moal, Jean Bertholle, Alfred Manessier, Zelman, Véra Pagava, and the sculptor François Stahly. With them, he became part of the group Témoignage, which had exhibitions in Paris in 1938 and 1939. He worked primarily in wood and plaster, creating works inspired by his childhood memories of his home in Loriol.[1] Later sculpture included bronze, string, and textiles.[2]
During World War II Étienne Martin was a prisoner in Germany and was liberated in 1941. In 1942 he traveled to Oppède with Stahly et Zelman and then in 1943-1944 he went to Dieulefit, Drôme where he met the writer Henri-Pierre Roché. Next he moved to Mortagne-au-Perche, Normandy. On his return to Paris in 1947 he lived with Roché, and he met Brâncuși and Gurdjieff. Over the next dozen years he became spiritual, practicing Eastern religions including Taoism.
In 1954 Martin began his series of Demeures (Dwellings) for which he became well known. He received in 1966 the grand prize for sculpture in the 33rd Venice Biennale. He was a professor and head of the sculpture department from 1968 to 1983 at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He was elected 1971 to the Académie des beaux-arts.
In 1984 an exhibition bringing together all his Demeures was held at the Pompidou Center in Paris. In 2010, June to September, a new exhibition at the Pompidou Center, paid respect to the artist by showing fifteen sculptures, drawing, personal notebooks, and photographs of his studio.
He died in 1995 from cardiac arrest.
Works
His large abstract sculptures build on inspiriation of empty spaces delimited by volume.
- Grand couple, bronze, 1947, at the Fondation Pierre Gianadda, Martigny, Switzerland
- La nuit ouvrante, bronze, 1948, in the Museum of Grenoble
- Tête aux mains, bronze, 1950–1951, in the Musée de Dijon
- Lanleff-Demeure No. 4, bronze, 1961, Nathan Manilow Sculpture Park [2]
- Demeure 4, 1961, at the Maison de la Culture d'Amiens
- Le Manteau, 1962, in the Pompidou Center, Paris. This was the first fabric in sculpture at this Museum and gained him wide recognition.[1]
- Trois Personnages, 1967, at the Fondation de Coubertin, Saint-Rémy lès Chevreuse, Yvelines
- Abécédaire, 1967, in the Pompidou Center, Paris
- Le Passage, 1969, at the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
- Le cerbère, chestnut, 1977, in the Musée de Lyon
- Mur miroir, 1979, in the Pompidou Center, Paris
- L'Escalier, wood, metal, plexiglass, rope, paint, 1983 at the Musée de Valence [3]
- Le collier de la nuit; Les eaux souterraines du désir, mixed media, 1985, in the Museum of Grenoble
- La Ruine, L'Athanor, Demeure 1 at the Bois Orcan in Noyal-sur-Vilaine, (Ille-et-Vilaine)
- Demeure at the Musée du Middelheim, Anvers
See also
- Élisabeth Cibot, a student
External links
- Photos of Étienne Martin by Magnum Photos photographer Martine Franck
- Works by Étienne Martin in Public places in Paris
- Works by Étienne Martin at the Pompidou Center
- Personnage III, 1967, at the Tuileries
- Works by Étienne Martin at the Museum of outdoor sculpture
- Étienne Martin at the Parc Jouvet de Valence
- Étienne Martin at the gallery Bernard Bouche
- Étienne Martin in American public collections, on the French Sculpture Census website
