Essex County, New York

Essex County, New York
County
County of Essex

Lake Placid, in Essex County

Flag
Seal
Map of New York highlighting Essex County
Location in the U.S. state of New York
Map of the United States highlighting New York
New York's location in the U.S.
Founded 1799
Named for Essex
Seat Elizabethtown
Largest town North Elba
Area
 • Total 1,916 sq mi (4,962 km2)
 • Land 1,794 sq mi (4,646 km2)
 • Water 122 sq mi (316 km2), 6.4%
Population
 • (2010) 39,370
 • Density 22/sq mi (8/km²)
Congressional district 21st
Time zone Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Website essexcountyny.gov

Essex County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2010 census, the population was 39,370.[1] Its county seat is the hamlet of Elizabethtown.[2] Its name is from the English county of Essex. Along with Hamilton County, Essex is entirely within the Adirondack Park.

History

When counties were established in the state of New York in 1683, the present Essex County was part of Albany County. This was an enormous county, including the northern part of New York state as well as all of the present state of Vermont and, in theory, extending westward to the Pacific Ocean. This county was reduced in size on July 3, 1766, by the creation of Cumberland County, and further on March 16, 1770 by the creation of Gloucester County, both containing territory now in Vermont. On March 12, 1772, what was left of Albany County was split into three parts, one remaining under the name Albany County. One of the other pieces, Charlotte County, contained the eastern portion.

John Brown's Farm

In 1784, the name "Charlotte County" was changed to Washington County to honor George Washington, the American Revolutionary War general and later President of the United States of America.

In 1788, Clinton County was split off from Washington County. This was a much larger area than the present Clinton County, including several other counties or county parts of the present New York state (near Clunes).

Essex County was split from Clinton County in 1799.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,916 square miles (4,960 km2), of which 1,794 square miles (4,650 km2) is land and 122 square miles (320 km2) (6.4%) is water.[3] It is the second-largest county in New York by land area and third-largest by total area.

Essex County is in the northeastern part of New York state, just west of Vermont along the eastern boundary of the state. The eastern boundary of Essex County is Lake Champlain, which serves as the New York – Vermont border at an elevation of just under 100 feet (30.5 m). The highest natural point in New York, Mount Marcy at 5,344 feet (1,629 m), is in the town of Keene.

The Ausable River forms a partial northern boundary for the county.

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18109,477—
182012,81135.2%
183019,28750.6%
184023,63422.5%
185031,14831.8%
186028,214−9.4%
187029,0422.9%
188034,51518.8%
189033,052−4.2%
190030,707−7.1%
191033,4589.0%
192031,871−4.7%
193033,9596.6%
194034,1780.6%
195035,0862.7%
196035,3000.6%
197034,631−1.9%
198036,1764.5%
199037,1522.7%
200038,8514.6%
201039,3701.3%
Est. 201638,102[4]−3.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[5]
1790-1960[6] 1900-1990[7]
1990-2000[8] 2010-2013[1]

As of the census[9] of 2000, there were 38,851 people, 15,028 households, and 9,828 families residing in the county. The population density was 22 people per square mile (8/km²). There were 23,115 housing units at an average density of 13 per square mile (5/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 94.84% White, 2.81% Black or African American, 0.31% Native American, 0.41% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.69% from other races, and 0.86% from two or more races; 2.19% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the population, 22.0% were of French, 16.3% Irish, 13.0% English, 8.6% German, 7.1% American and 6.2% Italian ancestry; 95.2% spoke English, 2.2% Spanish, and 1.3% French as their first language.

There were 15,028 households out of which 29.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.20% were married couples living together, 8.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.60% were non-families. 28.30% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the county, the population was spread out with 22.80% under the age of 18, 6.90% from 18 to 24, 29.80% from 25 to 44, 24.50% from 45 to 64, and 16.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 107.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,823, and the median income for a family was $41,927. Males had a median income of $30,952 versus $22,205 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,194. Of the population, 11.60% of individuals, 7.80% of families, 14.50% of those under the age of 18, and 8.60% of those 65 and older, were living below the poverty line.

Education

Private schools

Higher education

Transportation

Harris Lake in Newcomb

Airports

The following public use airports are located in the county:[10]

Essex County Public Transportation

Communities

Towns

Villages

Census-designated places

Hamlets

Politics

Presidential Elections Results[11]
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2016 46.2% 7,958 45.1% 7,762 8.7% 1,498
2012 39.8% 6,647 58.5% 9,784 1.7% 286
2008 42.6% 7,913 55.9% 10,390 1.6% 292
2004 51.7% 9,869 46.0% 8,768 2.3% 445
2000 49.2% 8,822 44.2% 7,927 6.6% 1,189
1996 37.6% 6,379 46.5% 7,893 16.0% 2,714
1992 43.6% 8,278 35.4% 6,717 21.0% 3,978
1988 60.5% 10,350 38.7% 6,623 0.8% 140
1984 69.9% 12,114 29.6% 5,119 0.5% 87
1980 53.2% 9,025 38.0% 6,443 8.9% 1,510
1976 60.6% 10,194 39.0% 6,556 0.4% 74
1972 70.2% 11,763 29.6% 4,955 0.2% 34
1968 61.1% 9,377 34.0% 5,218 5.0% 760
1964 35.2% 5,837 64.8% 10,739 0.1% 9
1960 64.6% 11,557 35.4% 6,334 0.1% 10
1956 82.1% 13,930 17.9% 3,035 0.0% 0
1952 75.5% 12,800 24.4% 4,130 0.1% 16
1948 69.9% 10,287 27.8% 4,088 2.3% 342
1944 68.4% 10,128 31.3% 4,637 0.2% 33
1940 68.0% 11,868 31.8% 5,545 0.2% 38
1936 67.9% 11,599 31.9% 5,447 0.3% 42
1932 63.7% 10,062 35.5% 5,597 0.8% 127
1928 66.3% 10,462 33.6% 5,291 0.1% 17
1924 74.0% 8,553 22.8% 2,639 3.2% 373
1920 77.5% 8,042 21.4% 2,218 1.2% 119
1916 65.4% 4,643 33.4% 2,373 1.2% 84
1912 44.2% 3,127 29.3% 2,070 26.5% 1,878
1908 69.1% 5,167 27.2% 2,033 3.7% 279
1904 70.9% 5,385 26.7% 2,028 2.4% 184
1900 70.3% 5,064 27.7% 1,994 2.0% 144
1896 74.2% 5,356 24.4% 1,760 1.4% 98
1892 60.4% 4,636 35.3% 2,710 4.3% 331
1888 62.3% 5,043 36.2% 2,930 1.5% 124
1884 61.1% 4,551 37.3% 2,776 1.7% 126

Notable residents

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on May 19, 2014. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  4. ↑ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  5. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  6. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  7. ↑ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  8. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  9. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on September 11, 2013. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  10. ↑ Essex County Public and Private Airports, New York. Retrieved June 13, 2013.
  11. ↑ http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS
Adjacent places of Essex County, New York
 Clinton County Chittenden County, Vermont
Franklin County Addison County, Vermont
   Essex County, New York  
Hamilton County Washington County and Warren County

Coordinates: 44°07′N 73°46′W / 44.11°N 73.77°W / 44.11; -73.77

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