Entropic explosion

An entropic explosion is an explosion in which the reactants undergo a large change in volume without releasing a large amount of heat. The chemical decomposition of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) is an example of an entropic explosion.[1] It is not a thermochemically highly favored event because little energy generated in chemical bond formation in reaction products, but rather involves an entropy burst, which is the result of formation of one ozone and three acetone gas phase molecules from every molecule of TATP in the solid state.[2][3][4][5]


References

  1. ↑ Dubnikova, F.; Kosloff, R.; Almog, J.; Zeiri, Y.; Boese, R.; Itzhaky, H.; Alt, A.; Keinan, E.; J. Am. Chem. Soc.; (Article); 2005; 127(4); 1146-1159. "To our great surprise, we discovered that TATP is very different from all other conventional explosives in that it does not release heat during the explosion. It explodes by rapid decomposition of every solid-state molecule to four gas-phase molecules. This rare phenomenon, scientifically known as 'Entropic Explosion', is reminiscent of the rapid reaction that produces gas in the safety air-bags of cars during accidents."
  2. ↑ Dubnikova, Faina; Kosloff, Ronnie; Yehuda, Zeiri (2006). Schubert, Hitmar; Kuznetsov, Audrey, eds. Rational Detection Schemes for TATP NATO Advanced Research Workshop. Netherlands: Springer. pp. 111–112. ISBN 1402048866. Retrieved 6 February 2017."The calculated thermal decomposition pathway of the TATP molecule was a complicated multistep process with several highly reactive intermediates, including singlet molecular oxygen and various biradicals. Of note, the calculations predict the formation of acetone and ozone as the main decomposition products and not the intuitively expected oxidation products. The key conclusion from this study is that the explosion of TATP is not a thermochemically highly favored event. Rather, the explosion involves entropy burst[[{{subst:DATE}}|{{subst:DATE}}]] , which is the result of the formation of 4 gas-phase molecules from every molecule of TATP in the solid state. Quite unexpectedly, the 3 isopropylidene units of the TATP molecule do not play the role of fuel that can be oxidized and release energy during the explosion. Instead, these units function as molecular scaffolds that hold the 3 peroxide units close together spatially in the appropriate orientation for the decomposition chain reaction."
  3. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20051105140057/http://www.scripps.edu/news/sk/sk2004/sk04keinan.html. Archived from the original on November 5, 2005. Retrieved July 17, 2005. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ↑ http://arutzsheva.com/news.php3?id=75139
  5. ↑ http://www.technion.ac.il/~keinanj/pub/122a.pdf


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