Enoximone

Enoximone
Clinical data

Trade names	Perfan
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Routes of administration	Intravenous
ATC code	C01CE03 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	UK: POM (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	50% (oral)
Protein binding	85%
Metabolism	Liver (oxidation)
Biological half-life	4 to 10 hours
Excretion	Renal (60 to 70%)
Identifiers
IUPAC name 4-Methyl-5-{[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]carbonyl}-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-one
CAS Number	77671-31-9^Y
PubChem CID	53708
DrugBank	DB04880^Y
ChemSpider	48492^Y
UNII	C7Z4ITI7L7
KEGG	D04004^Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL249856^Y
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₁₂H₁₂N₂O₂S
Molar mass	248.302 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Melting point	255 to 258 °C (491 to 496 °F) (decomposes)
SMILES O=C(/C1=C(/NC(=O)N1)C)c2ccc(SC)cc2
InChI InChI=1S/C12H12N2O2S/c1-7-10(14-12(16)13-7)11(15)8-3-5-9(17-2)6-4-8/h3-6H,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,16)^Y Key:ZJKNESGOIKRXQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y
(verify)

Enoximone (INN, trade name Perfan) is an imidazole phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and is selective for phosphodiesterase 3.^[1]

Synthesis

^[2]

Prepn: BE 883856 (1980 to Richardson-Merrell); R. A. Schnettler et al., U.S. Patent 4,405,635 (1983 to Merrell-Dow)

References

↑ Boldt J, Suttner S (September 2007). "Combined use of ultra-short acting beta-blocker esmolol and intravenous phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor enoximone". Expert Opin Pharmacother. 8 (13): 2135–47. PMID 17714066. doi:10.1517/14656566.8.13.2135.
↑ Schnettler, Richard A.; Dage, Richard C.; Grisar, J. Martin (1982). "4-Aroyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-ones, a new class of cardiotonic agents". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 25 (12): 1477–1481. ISSN 0022-2623. doi:10.1021/jm00354a017.

PDE inhibitors
PDE1	MMPX SCH-51866 Vinpocetine
PDE2	BAY 60-7550 Carbazeran EHNA Oxindole PDP
PDE3	Adibendan Amrinone (inamrinone) Anagrelide Benafentrine Bucladesine Carbazeran Cilostamide Cilostazol Enoximone Imazodan KMUP-1 Meribendan Milrinone Olprinone Parogrelil Pimobendan Pumafentrine Quazinone RPL-554 Siguazodan Trequinsin Vesnarinone Zardaverine
PDE4	Apremilast Arofylline Atizoram Benafentrine Catramilast CC-1088 CDP-840 CGH-2466 Cilomilast Cipamfylline Crisaborole Denbutylline Drotaverine Etazolate Filaminast Glaucine HT-0712 ICI-63197 Indimilast Irsogladine Lavamilast Lirimilast Luteolin Mesembrenone Mesembrine Mesopram Oglemilast Piclamilast Pumafentrine Revamilast Ro 20-1724 Roflumilast Rolipram Ronomilast RPL-554 RS-25344 Tetomilast Tofimilast YM-976 Zardaverine
PDE5	Acetildenafil Aildenafil Avanafil Beminafil Benzamidenafil Dasantafil Icariin Gisadenafil Homosildenafil Lodenafil Mirodenafil MY-5445 Nitrosoprodenafil Norcarbodenafil SCH-51866 Sildenafil Sulfoaildenafil T-0156 Tadalafil Udenafil Vardenafil
PDE7	BRL-50481
PDE9	BAY 73-6691 PF-04447943
PDE10	Papaverine PF-2545920 TC-E 5005 Tofisopam
PDE11	BC11-38
Non-selective	Aminophylline Caffeine Choline theophyllinate CPX Dipyridamole Doxofylline Enprofylline Ibudilast IBMX Luteolin Paraxanthine Pentoxifylline Propentofylline Theobromine Theophylline Zaprinast
Unsorted	Diazepam Diprophylline DPCPX Furafylline Lisofylline MDL-12330A Moxaverine Oxagrelate Pentifylline Proxyphylline Quercetin Satigrel Tolafentrine Trapidil
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators

Cardiac stimulants excluding cardiac glycosides (C01C)

Adrenergic and
dopaminergic agents

Adrenergic agonists

α	Metaraminol Phenylephrine Methoxamine Norfenefrine Oxedrine Midodrine Mephentermine
β	Dobutamine Arbutamine Isoprenaline Prenalterol
mixed	Amezinium metilsulfate Droxidopa Epinephrine # Norepinephrine Etilefrine

Dopamine agonists

Fenoldopam

Both

Unknown/ungrouped

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE3I)

Other cardiac stimulants

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

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