English football clubs in international competitions
English football clubs have entered European association football competitions (UEFA Champions League/European Cup, UEFA Cup/Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, UEFA Intertoto Cup and the now defunct UEFA Cup Winners Cup) since 1955, when Birmingham City and a London XI took part in the inaugural Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. English clubs have also taken part in the FIFA Club World Cup on four occasions, and the Intercontinental Cup on six occasions.
The European Cup started in 1955–56, but there was no English representative during that inaugural season as Chelsea had been persuaded to withdraw by The Football League; the first English side to take part was Manchester United F.C but it was Celtic became the first British side to win the European Cup in 1968, ten years after their first attempts to win the Cup had been effectively ended when eight of their players died in the Munich air disaster when flying home from Belgrade after qualifying for the 1957-58 semi-final. But they were not the first English club to win any European competition, Tottenham Hotspur having won the Cup Winners' Cup in 1963 (nor were Manchester United the first British club to win the European Cup, that honour having gone to Scotland's Glasgow Celtic the previous year).
Prior to that, England had been pioneers in establishing international competitions, with the Sir Thomas Lipton Trophy, which was won by West Auckland when they beat Italian side Juventus in 1909. English teams have participated in UEFA competitions every year, except for the years between 1985 and 1990, when, in the aftermath of the Heysel Stadium disaster, all English clubs were banned from Europe by UEFA; Liverpool, who had been playing at the Heysel Stadium against Juventus, were banned for six years, until 1991. Several teams have managed to play in Europe while being outside the top flight, including more recently Birmingham City and Wigan Athletic.
Who qualifies for UEFA competitions
From the 2015/16 season, the various permutations allow for a maximum of five English clubs to qualify for the UEFA Champions League and five for the UEFA Europa League.[1] The minimum quota is for four English clubs to qualify for the UEFA Champions League and three for the UEFA Europa League.
| Competition | Who qualifies | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| UEFA Champions League group stage | Club finishing 1st in the Premier League | |
| Club finishing 2nd in the Premier League | ||
| Club finishing 3rd in the Premier League | ||
| UEFA Europa League Winners | From the 2015/16 season the UEFA Europa League Winners will gain entry to the UEFA Champions League. If the UEFA Champions League Winners (irrespective of nationality) qualify for the UEFA Champions League through their domestic league this entry will be in the group stages; otherwise it will be in the play-off round. | |
| UEFA Champions League play-off round for non-champions | Club finishing 4th in the Premier League. | From the 2015/16 season, if English clubs win both the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League, and neither finish the premier league in a position that qualifies them for the UEFA Champions League, the following will happen:
If the Champions League winners have not already qualified for the Champions League, they will take the spot and the club finishing 4th in the table will enter the UEFA Europa League group stage. Seedings will be adjusted, as the title holder enters at the group stage. This occurred in the 2011-12 season when Chelsea F.C. won the Champions League but only finished 6th in the Premier League. They replaced Tottenham Hotspur, who were demoted to the Europa League, as the final English representative in the Champions League. |
| UEFA Europa League Winners | From the 2015/16 season the UEFA Europa League Winners will gain entry to the UEFA Champions League. If the UEFA Champions League Winners (irrespective of nationality) qualify for the UEFA Champions League through their domestic league this entry will be in the group stages; otherwise it will be in the play-off round. | |
| UEFA Europa League group stage | FA Cup winners | If the FA Cup winner qualifies for the UEFA Champions League or the UEFA Europa League via the domestic championship, by Regulation 3.04,[2] the highest ranking non-qualified league club qualifies, taking the lowest Europa League spot (the League Cup spot – the League Cup inherits the League spot, and the League inherits the FA Cup spot). |
| UEFA Europa League play-off round | Club finishing 5th in the Premier League | If the fifth-placed club has already qualified for Europe through the FA Cup, then the next-highest Premier League finishers get this place |
| UEFA Europa League third qualifying round | League Cup winners | If the League Cup winners have already qualified for Europe by a high Premier League finish, then the next highest-finishing Premier League club gets this place |
| UEFA Europa League first qualifying round | Premier League club with the best UEFA Fair Play ranking that has not already qualified for Europe, but only if England has one of the top three positions and has a fair play score of above 8. | As of 2015, Fair Play no longer earns this Europa League spot. Instead, such teams will be awarded in cash prizes, with the monies to be spent on "fair play or respect themed projects".[3] |
Multiple European competition winners from England
| Team | Number of Wins | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Liverpool | 11 | 1973, 1976, 1977 (2), 1978, 1981, 1984, 2001 (2), 2005 (2) |
| Manchester United | 6 | 1968, 1991 (2), 1999, 2008, 2017 |
| Chelsea | 5 | 1971, 1998 (2), 2012, 2013 |
| Tottenham Hotspur | 3 | 1963, 1972, 1984 |
| Nottingham Forest | 3 | 1979 (2), 1980 |
| Aston Villa | 3 | 1982 (2), 2001 |
| West Ham | 2 | 1965, 1999 |
| Arsenal | 2 | 1970, 1994 |
| Leeds | 2 | 1968, 1971 |
| Newcastle | 2 | 1969, 2006 |
European and World competition winners
Full European record
UEFA Champions League/European Cup
.svg.png){kind=small}
Note: UEFA denotes qualified for the UEFA Cup/Europa League.
Inter-Cities Fairs Cup/UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League
UEFA Intertoto Cup
Premier League international performance
Between the 1992-93 season and the 2012-13 season, Premier League clubs had won the UEFA Champions League four times (as well as supplying five of the runners-up), behind Spain's La Liga with 6 wins, and Italy's Serie A with five wins, and ahead of, among others, Germany's Bundesliga with three wins (see table here). The FIFA Club World Cup (or the FIFA Club World Championship, as it was originally called) has been won by Premier league clubs once (Manchester United in 2008),[4] and they have also been runners-up twice,[5][6] behind Brazil's Série A with four wins,[5][6][7][8] and Spain's La Liga[9][10] and Italy's Serie A[11][12] with two wins each (see table here).
Note that some Premier League clubs are not based in England. Because they are members of the Football Association of Wales (FAW), the question of which country clubs like Cardiff City and Swansea City should represent in European competitions has caused long-running discussions in UEFA. Despite being a member of the FAW, Swansea will be taking up one of England's three available places in the Europa League in 2013-14, thanks to winning the League Cup in 2012-13. The right of Welsh clubs to take up such English places was in doubt until UEFA clarified the matter in March 2012.[13]
European Cup and UEFA Champions League
Note: The European Cup began in 1955–56 (abbreviated here to 1956) and was renamed the UEFA Champions League in 1992-93 (abbreviated here to 1993). The Premier League also began in 1992–93, so teams from the Premier League were playing in Europe in that season (abbreviated here to 1993), even though they had actually qualified for Europe through the old English First Division the previous season.
Premier League teams in the UEFA Champions League final, since 1993
This table shows how English clubs performed at the top level of European football since the start of the Premier League era. The table is currently headed by Manchester United, followed by the other members of the so-called Big Four that were dominant for much of the Premier League era, particularly in the period 2003-04 to 2008-09.
| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Years won | Years runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Manchester United | 2 | 2 | 1999, 2008 | 2009, 2011 |
| Liverpool | 1 | 1 | 2005 | 2007 |
| Chelsea | 1 | 1 | 2012 | 2008 |
| Arsenal | 0 | 1 | 2006 |
English finalists in the European Cup, 1956–1992
For comparison, this table shows how English teams performed at the top level of European football before the Premier League era. In those days, Manchester United's single win put them only in joint third place behind Liverpool (4 wins) and Nottingham Forest (2 wins), and level with Aston Villa. Chelsea and Arsenal do not appear on this table. Leeds United, Nottingham Forest and Aston Villa do appear on this table, but were eventually relegated from the top tier of English football during the Premier League era (Nottingham Forest in 1992-93, Leeds in 2003-04 and Aston Villa in 2015-16).
| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Years won | Years runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liverpool | 4 | 1 | 1977, 1978, 1981, 1984 | 1985 |
| Nottingham Forest | 2 | 0 | 1979, 1980 | |
| Manchester United | 1 | 0 | 1968 | |
| Aston Villa | 1 | 0 | 1982 | |
| Leeds United | 0 | 1 | 1975 |
English finalists of European Cup and UEFA Champions League, since 1956
This table combines the English totals before and during the Premier League era. It shows that Liverpool lead, with five wins. Manchester United won the unofficial club world championship, the Intercontinental Cup, in 1999, and the official FIFA Club World Cup in 2008.[4]
| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Years won | Years runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liverpool | 5 | 2 | 1977, 1978, 1981, 1984, 2005 | 1985, 2007 |
| Manchester United | 3 | 2 | 1968, 1999, 2008 | 2009, 2011 |
| Nottingham Forest | 2 | 0 | 1979, 1980 | |
| Chelsea | 1 | 1 | 2012 | 2008 |
| Aston Villa | 1 | 0 | 1982 | |
| Leeds United | 0 | 1 | 1975 | |
| Arsenal | 0 | 1 | 2006 |
All UEFA Champions League finalists, since 1993
On this table, covering the Champions League era, Manchester United, the best-performing Premier League club, is in fifth place behind Real Madrid, Barcelona, Milan and Bayern Munich. The other Premier League clubs in the table are Liverpool and Chelsea in joint eighth, and Arsenal in joint 15th.
| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Years won | Years runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Real Madrid | 6 | 0 | 1998, 2000, 2002, 2014, 2016, 2017 | |
| Barcelona | 4 | 1 | 2006, 2009, 2011, 2015 | 1994 |
 Milan | 3 | 3 | 1994, 2003, 2007 | 1993, 1995, 2005 |
 Bayern Munich | 2 | 3 | 2001, 2013 | 1999, 2010, 2012 |
| Manchester United | 2 | 2 | 1999, 2008 | 2009, 2011 |
| Juventus | 1 | 5 | 1996 | 1997, 1998, 2003, 2015, 2017 |
 Ajax | 1 | 1 | 1995 | 1996 |
| Liverpool | 1 | 1 | 2005 | 2007 |
| Chelsea | 1 | 1 | 2012 | 2008 |
| Borussia Dortmund | 1 | 1 | 1997 | 2013 |
 Marseille | 1 | 0 | 1993 | |
 Porto | 1 | 0 | 2004 | |
| Internazionale | 1 | 0 | 2010 | |
| Valencia |
0 | 2 | 2000, 2001 | |
| Atlético Madrid |
0 | 2 | 2014, 2016 | |
| Bayer Leverkusen |
0 | 1 | 2002 | |
| AS Monaco |
0 | 1 | 2004 | |
| Arsenal |
0 | 1 | 2006 |
All UEFA Champions League finalists by nation, since 1993
This table, covering the Champions League era, shows Premier League clubs have won the UEFA Champions League four times (as well as supplying five of the runners-up), behind Spain's La Liga with nine wins, and Italy's Serie A with five wins, and ahead of, among others, Germany's Bundesliga with three wins.
| Nation | Winners | Runners-up | Years won | Years runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spain |
10 | 5 | 1998, 2000, 2002, 2006, 2009, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 | 1994, 2000, 2001, 2014, 2016 |
| Italy |
5 | 8 | 1994, 1996, 2003, 2007, 2010 | 1993, 1995, 1997, 1998, 2003, 2005, 2015, 2017 |
| England |
4 | 5 | 1999, 2005, 2008, 2012 | 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011 |
| Germany |
3 | 5 | 1997, 2001, 2013 | 1999, 2002, 2010, 2012, 2013 |
| Netherlands |
1 | 1 | 1995 | 1996 |
| France |
1 | 1 | 1993 | 2004 |
| Portugal |
1 | 0 | 2004 |
All European Cup finalists by nation, 1956–1992
For comparison, this table shows the situation before the Premier League era, when England were narrowly in first place in terms of number of wins (though in third place in terms of number of finalists), compared to being currently in third place in both the Premier League era and in the combined table (next section).
| Nation | Winners | Runners-up | Years won | Years runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| England |
8 | 2 | 1968, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984 | 1975, 1985 |
| Italy |
7 | 8 | 1963, 1964, 1965, 1969, 1985, 1989, 1990 | 1957, 1958, 1967, 1972, 1973, 1983, 1984, 1992 |
| Spain |
7 | 6 | 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1992 | 1961, 1962, 1964, 1974, 1981, 1986 |
| Netherlands |
5 | 1 | 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1988 | 1969 |
| West Germany |
4 | 5 | 1974, 1975, 1976, 1983 | 1960, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1987 |
| Portugal |
3 | 5 | 1961, 1962, 1987 | 1963, 1965, 1968, 1988, 1990 |
 Scotland |
1 | 1 | 1967 | 1970 |
 Romania |
1 | 1 | 1986 | 1989 |
 Yugoslavia |
1 | 1 | 1991 | 1966 |
| France |
0 | 4 | 1956, 1959, 1976, 1991 | |
 Greece |
0 | 1 | 1971 | |
.svg.png){kind=small} Belgium |
0 | 1 | 1978 | |
 Sweden |
0 | 1 | 1979 |
All European Cup and UEFA Champions League finalists by nation, since 1956
In this combined table, the top five places are currently the same as for the Premier League era, thus currently also showing that England has dropped from being narrowly first to being narrowly third on this table during the Premier League era.
| Nation | Winners | Runners-up | Years won | Years runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spain |
17 | 11 | 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1992, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2006, 2009, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 | 1961, 1962, 1964, 1974, 1981, 1986, 1994, 2000, 2001, 2014, 2016 |
| Italy |
12 | 16 | 1963, 1964, 1965, 1969, 1985, 1989, 1990, 1994, 1996, 2003, 2007, 2010 | 1957, 1958, 1967, 1972, 1973, 1983, 1984, 1992, 1993, 1995, 1997, 1998, 2003, 2005, 2015, 2017 |
| England |
12 | 7 | 1968, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1999, 2005, 2008, 2012 | 1975, 1985, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011 |
| West Germany + Germany |
7 | 10 | 1974, 1975, 1976, 1983, 1997, 2001, 2013 | 1960, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1987, 1999, 2002, 2010, 2012, 2013 |
| Netherlands |
6 | 2 | 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1988, 1995 | 1969, 1996 |
| Portugal |
4 | 5 | 1961, 1962, 1987, 2004 | 1963, 1965, 1968, 1988, 1990 |
| France |
1 | 5 | 1993 | 1956, 1959, 1976, 1991, 2004 |
| Scotland |
1 | 1 | 1967 | 1970 |
| Romania |
1 | 1 | 1986 | 1989 |
| Yugoslavia |
1 | 1 | 1991 | 1966 |
| Greece |
0 | 1 | 1971 | |
| Belgium |
0 | 1 | 1978 | |
| Sweden |
0 | 1 | 1979 |
Premier League rise to European dominance and subsequent decline
For details, see entries for the 1992-93 season (abbreviated here as 1993) and subsequent seasons in this table.
Premier League teams gradually improved their performance in the Champions League until a peak centred on the 2008 season, followed by a significant decline thereafter. They had no semi-finalists for the first four seasons (1993 to 1996). They then had four semi-finalists (Manchester United in 1997, 1999, and 2002, and Leeds United in 2001) over the next seven seasons (1997 to 2003), one of whom went on to become champions (Manchester United in 1999). They then had four semi-finalists (Chelsea in 2004 and 2005, Liverpool in 2005, and Arsenal in 2006) in the next three seasons (2004 to 2006), with Arsenal going on to be runners-up in 2006 and Liverpool winning in 2005.
They then peaked with 9 semi-finalists (Chelsea, Manchester United and Liverpool in both 2007 and 2008, and Chelsea, Manchester United and Arsenal in 2009) in the next three seasons (2007 to 2009), with Liverpool (2007), Chelsea (2008), and Manchester United (2009) going on to be runners-up, and Manchester United going on to win an all-English final against Chelsea in 2008, a year in which none of the four English teams were eliminated by anybody except another English team. Around this time UEFA President Michel Platini began to make statements which resulted in a widespread perception that he was anti-English,[14] which some attributed to his alleged fear of English domination in European club competition.[15][16]
However, this dominance did not produce a corresponding number of titles. At its most dominant, from 2007 to 2009, the Premier League had 75% (9 out of 12) of the semi-finalists, 67% (4 out of 6) of the finalists, 100% (3 out of 3) of the runners-up, but only 33% (1 out of 3) of the winners (Manchester United in 2008), with the other two titles going to Milan in 2007 and Barcelona in 2009. And English dominance did not last, with the Premier League managing only two semi-finalists (Manchester United in 2011, and Chelsea in 2012) over the next four seasons (2010 to 2013), although Manchester United went on to be runners-up in 2011, and Chelsea won in 2012. In 2013, no Premier League side reached the last eight for the first time since 1996 (back in a time when England were only entitled to one Champions League place compared to four today), only two (Manchester United and Arsenal) made it to the last 16, and Chelsea became the first defending Champions to fail to make it out of the group stage of the Champions League,[17] although by finishing third in their group they did manage to qualify for the Europa League, which they went on to win.
If the decline were to get worse for long enough, it could in theory eventually deprive the Premier League of its current entitlement to have four teams in the Champions League each year, which it has had since 2005, but the current coefficients table gives little cause for concern from an English perspective, as all England's relevant coefficients are currently ahead of fourth-placed Italy's.
FIFA Club World Cup
The FIFA Club World Cup (or the FIFA Club World Championship, as it was originally called) has been won by Premier league clubs once (Manchester United in 2008),[4] and they have also been runners-up twice,[5][6] behind Brazil's Série A with four wins,[5][6][7][8] and Spain's La Liga[9][10] and Italy's Serie A[11][12] with two wins each.
Premier League Club World Cup finalists
Manchester United lead this table, just as they lead the equivalent table for English Champions League finalists in the Premier League era. Manchester United beat LDU Quito of Ecuador 1-0 in Yokahama, Japan in 2008. Liverpool lost to São Paulo of Brazil 1-0 in the same stadium in 2005. Chelsea lost to Corinthians of Brazil 1-0 in the same stadium in 2012. Manchester United also took part in the first FIFA Club World Championship in 2000, but were eliminated at the group stage after finishing third in their group.[18][19]
| Nation | Club | Won | Runner-up | Years won | Years runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Manchester United | 1 | 0 | 2008[4] | & —
|
|
Liverpool | 0 | 1 | & —
|
2005[5] |
|
Chelsea | 0 | 1 | & —
|
2012[6] |
Club World Cup finalists by nation
The Premier League is currently in fourth place on this table in terms of number of wins, but in third place in terms of number of finalists (with three, behind Spanish and Brazilian clubs, both with six finals, but Premier League's one win). The Premier League is in fifth place in terms of percentage of finals won with 33%, behind Italy and Germany (100%), Spain (83%) and Brazil (80%, see note below table).
| Nation | Finalists | Winners | Runners-up | % won | Years won | Years runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spain |
6 | 5 | 1 | 83 | 2009,[9] 2011,[10] 2014, 2015, 2016 | 2006[8] |
 Brazil |
6 | 4 | 2 | 80 | 2000,[7] 2005,[5] 2006,[8] 2012[6] | 2000,[7] 2011[10] |
| Italy |
2 | 2 | 0 | 100 | 2007,[11] 2010[12] | |
| England |
3 | 1 | 2 | 33 | 2008[4] | 2005,[5] 2012[6] |
| Germany |
1 | 1 | 0 | 100 | 2013 | |
 Argentina |
3 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2007,[11] 2009,[9] 2014, 2015 | |
 Ecuador |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2008,[4] | |
 DR Congo |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2010,[12] | |
 Morocco |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2013 | |
 Japan |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2016 |
Note: In the table Brazil, despite having had four winners out of six finalists, are given 80% (four out of five) rather than 67% (four out of six), because they have won 80% (four out of five) of the five finals involving Brazilian teams (in 2000, both finalists were Brazilian).
Intercontinental Cup
Before being supplanted by the FIFA Club World Cup, the now defunct Intercontinental Cup served as an de facto annual world club championship contested by the European South American club champions. Manchester United won it in 1999, the only time a Premier League club took part in the cup. This was a marked improvement on the performance of English teams before the Premier League era, when English clubs contested the cup on five occasions (1968, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984), losing each time, and allowing South America to finish with 22 wins, one ahead of Europe's 21 (see table here).
Premier League clubs in the Intercontinental Cup
| Year | Country | Winner | Score | Runner-up | Country | Venue | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | ENG |
Manchester United | 1–0 | Palmeiras | BRA |
National Stadium, Tokyo |
English clubs in the Intercontinental Cup before the Premier League era
Two-legged finals
| Year | Country | Home team | Score | Away team | Country | Venue | Location | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1968 | .svg.png){kind=small} ARG |
Estudiantes | 1–0 | Manchester United | ENG |
Estadio Camilo Cichero | Buenos Aires, Argentina | |
| ENG |
Manchester United | 1–1 | Estudiantes | ARG |
Old Trafford | Manchester, England | ||
| Estudiantes won 2-1 on aggregate. | ||||||||
Single match finals
| Year | Country | Winner | Score | Runner-up | Country | Venue | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 |  URU |
Nacional | 1–0 | Nottingham Forest | ENG |
National Stadium, Tokyo | |
| 1981 | BRA |
Flamengo | 3–0 | Liverpool | ENG |
National Stadium, Tokyo | |
| 1982 | URU |
Peñarol | 2–0 | Aston Villa | ENG |
National Stadium, Tokyo | |
| 1984 | ARG |
Independiente | 1–0 | Liverpool | ENG |
National Stadium, Tokyo |
Intercontinental Cup and FIFA Club World Cup combined
In the Premier League era, Manchester United under Sir Alex Ferguson have a 67% success rate, having participated in 3 (Intercontinental Cup in 1999, FIFA Club World Cups in 2000[18][19] and 2008[4]), and won 2 (Intercontinental Cup 1999, FIFA Club World Cup 2008[4]).
This 67% success rate compares favourably with the all-time European average of 53.6% success - having participated in 56, and won 30 (having won 21 out of 43 Intercontinental Cups - see table here, and 9 out of 13 FIFA Club World Cups - see table here). It also compares favourably with the European average in the Premier League era (1993 onwards) of 70.8% success - having participated in 24 (12 Intercontinental Cups from 1993 to 2004 - full details here, 13 FIFA Club World Cups - full details here), and won 17 (8 Intercontinental Cups in 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2004, and 9 FIFA Club World Cups in 2007,[11] 2008,[4] 2009,[9] 2010,[12] 2011,[10] 2013[20]). 2014[21]). 2015[22]). 2016[23]).
In marked contrast, all other English clubs, including Manchester United in 1968 (before the Premier League and Alex Ferguson eras) have a record of 0% success - participating in 7, winning none, losing 5 Intercontinental Cups before the Premier League era (Manchester United in 1968, Nottingham Forest in 1980, Liverpool in 1981, Aston Villa in 1982, Liverpool in 1984), and losing two FIFA Club World Cups in the Premier League era (Liverpool in 2005,[5] Chelsea in 2012[6]).
The above data means that when one includes Sir Alex Ferguson's Manchester United, English clubs have success rates of 40% (2 out of 5) in the Premier League era, 0% (0 out of 5) before the Premier League era, and 20% (2 out of 10) overall.
References
- ↑ "http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/newsid=2215121.html". http://www.uefa.com. UEFA. External link in
|website=, |title=(help) - ↑ "Regulations of the UEFA Europa League 2015-18 Cycle" (PDF). Retrieved 29 April 2015.
- ↑ "UEFA Respect Fair Play ranking". 2016-12-10.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Red Devils rule in Japan". Fédération Internationale de Football Association. December 21, 2008. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Sao Paulo FC–Liverpool FC". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 18 December 2005. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Guerrero the hero as Corinthians crowned". Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 16 December 2012. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 "Corinthians–Vasco da Gama". Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 14 January 2000. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 "Sport Clube Internacional–FC Barcelona". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 17 December 2006. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Club Estudiates de la Plata - FC Barcelona". Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 19 December 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Santos humbled by brilliant Barcelona". Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 18 December 2011. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Boca Juniors - AC Milan". Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 16 December 2007. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Internazionale on top of the world". Fédération Internationale de Football Association. December 18, 2010. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
- ↑ "Uefa give Swansea and Cardiff European assurance". BBC Sport. British Broadcasting Corporation. 21 March 2012. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ↑ "Uefa president Michel Platini dismisses anti-English reputation". Goal. Retrieved 2013-05-22.
- ↑ "Platini placated as English sides bow out?". BBC. Retrieved 2013-05-22.
- ↑ Conn, David (21 May 2008). "Platini takes issue with Moscow parade of English riches". The Guardian. Retrieved 2013-06-10.
Tonight's final is a coup for Premier League capitalism but the Uefa president is far from impressed
- ↑ "Chelsea suffers Champions League KO". CNN. 5 December 2012. Retrieved 2013-06-10.
Chelsea became the first defending champion to crash out at the Group Stage of the Champions League -- despite thrashing Danish side Nordsjaelland 6-1 at Stamford Bridge.
- 1 2 FIFA Club World Championship Brazil 2000 - Overview, FIFA.com
- 1 2 FIFA Club World Championship Brazil 2000 - Matches, FIFA.com
- ↑ "Bayern München – Raja Club Athletic". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 21 December 2013. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
- ↑ "Real Madrid – San Lorenzo". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 20 December 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
- ↑ "River Plate – FC Barcelona". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 20 December 2015. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
- ↑ "Real Madrid – Kashima Antlers". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 18 December 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2016.