Lana Del Rey

Lana Del Rey

Lana Del Rey attending the 2012 Cannes Film Festival
Born Elizabeth Woolridge Grant
(1985-06-21) June 21, 1985[1]
New York City, New York, U.S.
Residence Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Alma mater Fordham University
Occupation
  • Singer
  • songwriter
  • model
Home town Lake Placid, New York, U.S.
Musical career
Also known as
  • Lizzy Grant
  • May Jailer
  • Lana Del Ray
Genres
Instruments
  • Vocals
  • guitar
  • keyboards
Years active 2005–present
Labels
Associated acts
Website lanadelrey.com
Signature

Elizabeth Woolridge Grant (born June 21, 1985),[1] known professionally as Lana Del Rey, is an American singer, songwriter, and model. Her music has been noted by critics for its stylized cinematic quality, its preoccupation with themes of tragic romance, glamour, and melancholia, and its references to pop culture, particularly 1950s and 1960s Americana.[2][3]

Raised in northern New York state, Del Rey embarked on a music career in 2005 after moving to New York City, and first received widespread attention in 2011, when the music video for her single "Video Games" became a viral Internet sensation.[4] Del Rey received further recognition after her major-label debut Born to Die peaked at number two on the United States charts and was the fifth best-selling album of 2012. A remix of its single "Summertime Sadness", produced by Cedric Gervais, peaked at number six in the United States, and her extended play Paradise followed that November, garnering Del Rey her first Grammy nomination for Best Pop Vocal Album. Three of the EP's tracks were featured in her short film Tropico (2013).

Del Rey's third studio album, Ultraviolence (2014), became her first album to reach number one in the United States. In 2015, following a North American tour with Courtney Love and Grimes, Del Rey released her fourth studio album, Honeymoon. Both albums received positive critical response. Del Rey's fifth and most recent studio album to date, Lust for Life, was released in 2017. It received critical acclaim, and also became Del Rey's second album to reach number one in the United States, while also reaching the top ten in almost every other country it charted in.

Early life

Elizabeth Woolridge Grant was born in New York City on June 21, 1985[1][5] to Robert England Grant, Jr., a Grey Group copywriter turned entrepreneur, and Patricia Ann "Pat" (née Hill), a former Grey account executive turned high school teacher.[6][7][8][9] She has one younger sister, Caroline Grant,[10] and one brother, Charlie.[11][12] Her paternal grandfather, Robert England Grant, Sr. was a Kidder, Peabody & Co. investment banker, a vice president for Plough, Inc and Textron, and venture capitalist.[13] She has Scottish ancestry from both her mother and father.[14]

Del Rey grew up in rural Lake Placid, New York,[15] and was raised Roman Catholic.[16] She attended a Catholic elementary school[12] and for one year, a high school where her mother taught.[17] She began singing in her church choir when she was a child, where she was the cantor.[12][18] At age fifteen,[5][17][19] she was sent to Kent School by her parents[19] to resolve a budding drinking problem.[20] Her uncle, an admissions officer at the boarding school, secured her financial aid to attend.[lower-alpha 1]

After graduating, Del Rey was accepted to the State University of New York at Geneseo, but she decided not to attend and instead spent a year living on Long Island with her aunt and uncle while working as a waitress.[6] During this time, Del Rey's uncle taught her how to play guitar, and she "realized [that she] could probably write a million songs with those six chords".[24] Shortly after, she began writing songs and performing in nightclubs around the city under various names such as "Sparkle Jump Rope Queen" and "Lizzy Grant and the Phenomena."[24] "I was always singing, but didn't plan on pursuing it seriously", Del Rey said. "When I got to New York City when I was eighteen, I started playing in clubs in Brooklyn—I have good friends and devoted fans on the underground scene, but we were playing for each other at that point—and that was it."[5]

The following fall, she enrolled at Fordham University where she majored in philosophy, with an emphasis on metaphysics.[5] Del Rey said she chose to study the subject because it "bridged the gap between God and science... I was interested in God and how technology could bring us closer to finding out where we came from and why."[5][14][25] According to Del Rey, she had trouble making friends in both boarding school and college.[26][27] She lived in The Bronx and later moved to New Jersey while attending Fordham.[28] After graduating from college in 2005, she moved to Brooklyn, where she resided for another four years.[19]

Before becoming a singer, Del Rey wanted to be a poet.[29] As a child, her father wrote country songs for personal enjoyment, while her mother was interested in singing;[30] the former introduced her to The Beach Boys, while the latter was a fan of Carly Simon.[30] While in college, Del Rey did volunteer work at homeless youth and drug and alcohol outreach programs, as well as helping paint and rebuild houses on an Indian reservation on the West Coast.[12] She would cite this trip as integral in her decision to become a songwriter: "I remember exactly when I decided that I wanted to be a singer. I was in college, [and] we went to the Indian reservation. That day I realized that I had only two options: either making music or volunteering for a good cause. I chose the first option. If it did not work, I would probably do social work in any small town."[31]

Career

2005–2010: Career beginnings and Lana Del Ray

I wanted to be part of a high-class scene of musicians. It was half-inspired because I didn't have many friends, and I was hoping that I would meet people and fall in love and start a community around me, the way they used to do in the '60s.

—Del Rey explaining why she went into the music industry.[27]

On April 25, 2005, a seven-track compact disc was registered under Elizabeth Woolridge Grant with the United States Copyright Office. The application title was "Rock Me Stable" with another title "Young Like Me" also listed.[32] The track titles are currently unknown. Between 2005 and 2006, the album Sirens was recorded under the name "May Jailer" and leaked in May 2012.[33][34][35][36][37]

At her first performance in 2006 for the Williamsburg Live Songwriting Competition, Del Rey met Van Wilson, an A&R rep for 5 Points Records,[38][39] an independent label owned by David Nichtern.[39] In 2007, Del Rey signed a record contract for $10,000 with 5 Points Records while still a senior at Fordham University and moved into Manhattan Mobile Home Park, a trailer park in North Bergen, New Jersey,[5][19] and subsequently began working with producer David Kahne,[39] with whom she released her first three-track EP titled Kill Kill in October 2008.[40] She explained that "David asked to work with me only a day after he got my demo. He is known as a producer with a lot of integrity and who had an interest in making music that wasn't just pop."[41] Her album, however, was shelved, causing her to shift her focus. Instead, she began to work in community service. "Homeless outreach, drug, and alcohol rehabilitation—that's been my life for the past five years", she told Vogue UK in 2012.[5] Her debut full-length album, titled Lana Del Ray, was released in January 2010.[42] Her father, Robert Grant, helped with the marketing of the album,[42] which was available for purchase on iTunes for a brief period before being withdrawn.

David Kahne, who produced Grant and previous label owner David Nichtern have both stated that Grant bought the rights back from her label, 5 Points, as she wanted it out of circulation to "stifle future opportunities to distribute it—an echo of rumors that the action was part of a calculated strategy.[43][44] Del Rey met her current managers, Ben Mawson and Ed Millett, three months after Lana Del Ray and they helped her to get out of her contract with 5 Points Records, where, in her opinion, "nothing was happening." Shortly after, she moved to London, England and moved in with Mawson "for a few years."[12] When choosing her stage name, she said: "I wanted a name I could shape the music towards. I was going to Miami quite a lot at the time, speaking a lot of Spanish with my friends from Cuba – Lana Del Rey reminded us of the glamour of the seaside. It sounded gorgeous coming off the tip of the tongue."[45] She has said that her lawyers and managers made up the name Lana Del Rey and persuaded her to adopt the stage name.[46][47]

On September 1, 2010, Del Rey was featured by Mando Diao in their MTV Unplugged concert at Union Film-Studios in Berlin.[48]

2011–2013: Born to Die and Paradise

Del Rey performing at the Bowery Ballroom in December 2011.

After uploading them to her YouTube channel in 2011, Del Rey's videos for the songs "Video Games" and "Blue Jeans" became viral internet sensations,[2] and she was signed by Stranger Records to release "Video Games" as her debut single.[49] She told The Observer, "I just put that song online a few months ago because it was my favorite. To be honest, it wasn't going to be the single but people have really responded to it."[5] The song earned her a Q award for "Next Big Thing" in October 2011[50] and an Ivor Novello for "Best Contemporary Song" in 2012.[51] The same month, she signed a joint deal with Interscope Records and Polydor to work on her second studio album Born to Die.[24][52][53][54] Del Rey built anticipation to the album by doing a number of live appearances, such as promotional concerts at the Bowery Ballroom and at the Chateau Marmont, and with performances at television shows such as De Wereld Draait Door, and Later... with Jools Holland.[55][56][57][58]

Del Rey also performed two songs from the album on Saturday Night Live on January 14, 2012 and received a negative response from critics and the general public. Del Rey's performance was defended by the evening program's guest host, actor Daniel Radcliffe, despite not having seen her performance.[59] She had earlier defended her spot on the program, saying: "I'm a good musician [...] I have been singing for a long time, and I think that [SNL creator] Lorne Michaels knows that [...] it's not a fluke decision."[60] The following week on SNL, Kristen Wiig impersonated Del Rey where she humorously defended herself during Weekend Update.[61] When asked how long she was able to enjoy her success before she started receiving backlash, Del Rey said "I never felt any of the enjoyment. It was all bad, all of it."[62]

Del Rey at a fan meet promoting Born to Die in Seattle, Washington in 2012.

Born to Die was officially released on January 31, 2012 worldwide, and reached number one in 11 countries, though critical reaction was divided.[63][64] The same week, Del Rey said that she bought back the rights to her 2010 debut album, and had plans to re-release it in the summer of 2012 under Interscope Records and Polydor.[65] Contrary to Del Rey's press statement, her previous record label and producer David Kahne have both stated that she bought the rights to the album when she and the label parted company, due to the offer of a new deal, in April 2010.[52][66] Born to Die sold 3.4 million copies in 2012, making it the fifth-best-selling album of 2012.[67][68][69] In the United States, Born to Die charted on the Billboard 200 album chart well into 2012, lingering at number 76, after 36 weeks on the chart.[70]

In an interview with RTVE on June 15, 2012, Del Rey announced she has been working on a new album due in November; in an interview with Tim Blackwell for Nova FM in Melbourne, Del Rey added that her upcoming November release would not be a new album, but more like an EP.[71] Mid-September saw the official announcement of Paradise's lead single, "Ride".[72][73] On September 19, 2012, the music video for "Blue Velvet" was released through H&M.[74] One day later, on September 20, "Blue Velvet" became available for purchase as a promotional single. "Ride" became available for purchase on September 25, 2012. The music video for "Ride" was premiered at the Aero Theatre in Santa Monica, California on October 10, 2012.[75][76] Some critics panned the video as pro-prostitution[76][77] and antifeminist, the latter being a word attributed to Del Rey's work since "Video Games".[78][79]

Del Rey's Paradise Edition of Born to Die was set to be released on November 12. With the release of her third EP, Paradise, Del Rey spawned her second top 10 album in the United States, debuting at number 10 on the Billboard 200 with 67,000 copies sold in its first week.[80] At the 2012 MTV Europe Music Awards, Del Rey received nominations in the categories Best Alternative, Best Push, and Best New Act. Winning Best Alternative, Del Rey presented the award for Best Female to Taylor Swift.[81] At the 2013 BRIT Awards, she won the award for International Female Solo Artist, making it her second BRIT Award to date.[82] Del Rey's win surprised critics who highly anticipated Taylor Swift to win the award.[82] In March 2013, Del Rey recited Walt Whitman's poem "Song of Myself" for the French fashion magazine, L'Officiel Paris.[83]

Del Rey's seventh single, "Dark Paradise", was released as a single in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland on March 1, 2013. Del Rey won the ECHO Awards for Best International Newcomer and Best International Pop/Rock Artist on March 21, 2013.[84] A music video for Del Rey's cover of Leonard Cohen's "Chelsea Hotel#2" was released on March 27, 2013.[85] The following month, in April 2013, another self-produced video was released; it showed Del Rey and her boyfriend, Barrie-James O'Neil, covering "Summer Wine", by Lee Hazlewood. "Burning Desire" became available for purchase as a stand-alone download on March 19, 2013 as the second promotional single from Paradise; its music video was premiered the previous month on Valentine's Day of 2013.[86]

2013: Film projects and Tropico

Del Rey performing in Santiago, Chile in 2013.

After the release of Paradise, Del Rey penned the original song "Young and Beautiful" for the soundtrack of the 2013 film adaptation of The Great Gatsby with director, co-writer, and co-producer Baz Luhrmann.[87] Following the song's release, it peaked at 22 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it Del Rey's highest peak on the chart.[88] However, shortly after its release to contemporary hit radio, the label prematurely pulled it and decided to send a different song to that format; on July 2, 2013, a Cedric Gervais remix of Del Rey's "Summertime Sadness" was sent there; a sleeper hit, the song proved to be a success, surpassing "Young and Beautiful", reaching number 6 and becoming her first American top ten hit.[89] The remix won the Grammy Award for Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical in 2013.[90]

Alongside Paradise, Del Rey announced plans to launch a short film titled Tropico.[91][92] Tropico was filmed in late June 2013 and directed by Anthony Mandler.[92] On November 22, 2013, an official trailer for Tropico was released; at the end of the trailer, it was announced that the film would be uploaded to Del Rey's official VEVO account on December 5, 2013.[93] The short film premiered on December 4 at Cinerama Dome in Hollywood, California. Before showing the film, Del Rey told the audience "I really just wanted us all to be together so I could try and visually close out my chapter before I release the new record, Ultraviolence".[94][95] Journalists identified the phrase from the Anthony Burgess' dystopian novel A Clockwork Orange (1962), but reports were conflicting as to whether or not the title was stylized as one or two words.[95][96] On December 6, 2013, an EP, also titled Tropico, was made available for purchase via iTunes; it includes the film itself along with the three aforementioned songs.[97][98]

2014–2016: Ultraviolence and Honeymoon

Del Rey performing at Coachella Festival in 2014.

On January 23, 2014, it was announced that Del Rey would be covering the song "Once Upon a Dream" (from the 1959 film Sleeping Beauty) for the 2014 dark fantasy film Maleficent. The single was released on January 26.[99] On February 20, Del Rey posted a picture of herself and Dan Auerbach on Twitter with the caption "Me and Dan Auerbach are excited to present you Ultraviolence".[100] Del Rey and Auerbach were rumoured to be working together at Auerbach's Easy Eye Sound recording studio in Nashville, Tennessee in January and he was said to be producing her upcoming album.[101] In March, Rufus Wainwright revealed in an interview that he was currently working with Del Rey.[102]

The first single off Ultraviolence, "West Coast", was released on April 14.[103] On May 23, Del Rey performed three songs at Kim Kardashian and Kanye West's pre-wedding celebration at the Palace of Versailles.[104] West had previously played Del Rey's "Young & Beautiful" during his proposal to Kardashian in October 2013.[105] "Shades of Cool", the second single, was released on May 26, 2014.[106] The third single and title track, "Ultraviolence", was released on June 4.[107] June 8 saw the release of the fourth single, "Brooklyn Baby".[108]

Ultraviolence was released on June 13, 2014, and debuted at number one in 12 countries, including the United States and United Kingdom. The album sold 880,000 copies in its first week, worldwide.[109] Del Rey described her third studio album as being "more stripped down but still cinematic and dark".[110] A Rolling Stone article revealed that Del Rey would be a guest on Brian Wilson's forthcoming studio album No Pier Pressure.[111] Two new songs by Del Rey, "Big Eyes" and "I Can Fly", featured in Tim Burton's 2014 biographical film Big Eyes, which focused on the American artist Margaret Keane. "Big Eyes" was co-written by Daniel Heath, while "I Can Fly" was co-written by Rick Nowels.[112]

In December 2014, Del Rey announced she would be headlining a tour in Summer 2015, deemed "The Endless Summer Tour". Eight of the shows featured Courtney Love,[113] and ten of the shows featured Grimes. Also in December 2014, in an interview with Galore Magazine, Del Rey revealed she began working on a new album, which she said would be released sometime in 2015.[114] Del Rey also stated to Grazia Magazine about how she wanted to introduce orchestrations with monumental choruses with a touch of subdued grunge for the album, "I played Mark Ronson ten songs that I have composed for this next album. It explores a sound close to the golden age of jazz", she said.[115] Earlier that month, Del Rey also mentioned to Galore Magazine that she is already at the recording stage for the album and that "[she's] also always writing small pieces for independent films etc. Dan Heath and Rick Nowels are two of my dearest friends and producers and we are always up to something."[116] In January 2015, Del Rey stated in an interview with the LA Times that a song on her new record would be titled "Music to Watch Boys To".[117] The same month, a song she recorded for Emile Haynie's album titled Wait for Life was released.[118] She also recorded "Life is Beautiful", a song featured in the trailer for the movie The Age of Adaline.

Del Rey after winning the "Female Artist of the Year" at the 2016 Elle Style Awards.

In June 2014, she said "I have this idea for this record called Music to Watch Boys To, so I'm just kind of thinking about that and what that would mean."[119] Del Rey later confirmed in an interview with Billboard that her new record would be entitled Honeymoon.[120] On January 15, 2015, Del Rey received a BRIT Award nomination for International Female Solo Artist, her second nomination in the category and third overall.[121]

On July 14, 2015, Del Rey released "Honeymoon", the first and title track from the album.[122][123] She revealed that the album would contain fourteen tracks, describing the songs with "a muddy trap energy and some inspired by late-night Miles Davis drives".[124] On August 4, 2015, Del Rey revealed the first single "High by the Beach", which was released on August 10, 2015.[125] On August 4, 2015, The Weeknd also revealed the track listing for his upcoming second studio album Beauty Behind the Madness which features a collaboration with Del Rey entitled "Prisoner".[126] On August 21, 2015, Del Rey released "Terrence Loves You" as a promotional single, available instantly with the pre-order of the album.[127][128] The title track was later released as a promotional single on September 7, 2015.[129] Honeymoon was released on September 18, 2015[130] to general acclaim from music critics,[131] who praised the music and Del Rey's sophistication and vocal performance.

In November 2015, Del Rey executive produced a short film "Hi How Are You Daniel Johnston", documenting the life of Daniel Johnston. For the film, she also covered one of Johnston's songs, called "Some Things Last a Long Time", from his album 1990. For the cover, she collaborated with producer Justin Parker.[132] Also in November 2015, Del Rey received the Trailblazer Award at the Billboard Women in Music ceremony[133] and won the MTV Europe Music Award for Best Alternative.[134] On February 9, 2016, Del Rey hosted a premiere for the music video of her song "Freak". It was located at The Wiltern, in Los Angeles.[135] The video debuted via Del Rey's VEVO on the same date. In December 2015, Del Rey started announcing festival dates for Europe and North America to promote Honeymoon.[136] She performed at these festivals from June 2016 to November 2016.

2017: Lust for Life

In October 2015, Del Rey announced that she planned writing material for her new record.[137] She stated that her last two albums had a "Californian" sound, but if she were to make an album with a "New York" sound it would be a little harder, faster, more upbeat, and less dreamy.[138] In January 2016, Del Rey was nominated with the "Favorite Female Artist" award at the People's Choice Awards, and she also received a BRIT Award nomination for International Female Solo Artist, her third nomination in the category and fourth overall.[139][140] In February and March 2016, Del Rey and her managers, respectively, officially revealed that she began working on her fifth studio album, just months after releasing her fourth.[141][142]

In 2016, Del Rey performed on two songs on The Weeknd's third studio album Starboy.[143] She provided uncredited backing vocals on "Party Monster" and was featured on an interlude entitled "Stargirl Interlude".[144]

"Love", the lead single off of Del Rey's fifth studio album, Lust for Life,[145] was released on February 18, 2017.[146][147][148] The music video was directed by Rich Lee.[149] Soon after, Lust for Life was officially announced on March 29, 2017, when a trailer for the album was uploaded to Del Rey's VEVO account.[145] The album includes collaborations with Stevie Nicks[150] and other artists,[151] and was released on July 21, 2017.[152] About the album, Del Rey stated "I made my first 4 albums for me, but this one is for my fans and about where I hope we are all headed."[153] During a livestream in February 2017, Del Rey described the aesthetic of the album as having a "retro sensibility with a futuristic flair." Del Rey released the official cover art for Lust for Life on April 11, 2017. Del Rey's first collaboration, "Lust for Life" featuring The Weeknd, was released on April 19, 2017 as the second single from the album.[154] Del Rey released the song "Coachella - Woodstock In My Mind" on May 15, 2017.[155] On July 12, BBC Radio 1 aired "Summer Bummer," which features A$AP Rocky and Playboi Carti, and "Groupie Love" which features Rocky as well.[156]

Artistry

Musical style

Del Rey performing at Irving Plaza in June 2012.

Del Rey's musical sound has been dubbed "Hollywood sadcore" by music critics.[157][158] Her music has been noted for its cinematic sound and its references to various aspects of pop culture, particularly that of 1950s and 1960s Americana.[lower-alpha 2] Del Rey elaborated on this in an interview with Artistdirect, saying "I wasn't even born in the '50s but I feel like I was there."[166] Rolling Stone noted that Del Rey enjoys playing the role of lounge singer.[167] Billboard called her an "art-pop sorceress."[168] Time said the solid core of her sound was "movie music,"[169] laid out over-top a hip hop vocal cadence.[169]

Associated with several styles, Del Rey's music has been tagged broadly as dream pop[170][171] or baroque pop[172][173][174] linked to various forms of rock,[175][176] indie music,[177] and trip hop,[178][179][180][181] and often touching on styles such as hip hop,[182] trap music,[183] and psychedelic rock on particular releases.[184] Of Born to Die, indie music journal Drowned in Sound wrote, "She likes that whole hip hop thing though, has this whole swagger thing going that not many girls like her got", adding that it sounded like a poppier Bond soundtrack.[185] In "National Anthem", "Off to the Races,"[185] and "Diet Mountain Dew", Del Rey employs this alternative rapping technique.[178]

Del Rey's subsequent releases would introduce variant styles, particularly Ultraviolence, which employed a guitar-based sound akin to psychedelic and desert rock.[186] Kenneth Partridge of Billboard noted this shift in style, writing: "She sings about drugs, cars, money, and the bad boys she's always falling for, and while there remains a sepia-toned mid-century flavor to many of these songs, [Del Rey] is no longer fronting like a thugged-out Bette Davis."[187]

Del Rey has been described as a "self-styled gangsta Nancy Sinatra" and "Lolita lost in the hood."[169] Del Rey has also been called "a torch singer of the internet era"[30] and "the anti-Gaga".[30] Following in the shadow of artists like Prince and David Bowie, Del Rey chose her musical identity because it "reminded [her] of the glamour of the seaside. It sounded gorgeous coming off the tip of the tongue".[188][189] Prior to coming to prominence under the stage name Lana Del Rey, she performed under the names Lizzy Grant, Lana Rey Del Mar,[190] Sparkle Jump Rope Queen,[191] and May Jailer.[192] Under the stage name Lizzy Grant, she referred to her music as "Hawaiian glam metal,"[193] while the work of her May Jailer project was acoustic.[192][194][195][196]

Influences

Del Rey cites a wide array of musical artists as influences, including numerous performers from the mid-twentieth century, such as Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, Nina Simone, Billie Holiday, Bobby Vinton, The Crystals, Miles Davis, and The Shangri-Las.[197] Additionally, she has cited contemporary indie musicians such as Cat Power, Father John Misty, and Antony and the Johnsons, as well as R&B singers such as Amy Winehouse, pop singer Britney Spears, and rapper Eminem.[197] Del Rey has also named numerous classic rock performers as influential, including Janis Joplin, Guns N' Roses frontman Axl Rose, The Eagles, Lou Reed, and Bruce Springsteen; additionally, she cites Hole frontwoman Courtney Love and Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain among her influences.[197] "[I really] just like the masters of every genre", she told BBC radio presenter Jo Whiley.[198] Her favorite artists include Bob Dylan, Frank Sinatra, Jeff Buckley, Joan Baez and Leonard Cohen. She covered Cohen's "Chelsea Hotel #2" in 2013.[85] Janis Joplin's live version of "Summertime" from the Cheap Thrills album is one of Del Rey's favorite songs. Del Rey has also cited "Time of the Season" by The Zombies and "Hotel California" by The Eagles as favorites and inspirations.[199]

Her favorite films, The Godfather, The Godfather Part II, and American Beauty have also inspired her musical style.[200] Inspired by poetry, Del Rey cites Walt Whitman and Allen Ginsberg as instrumental to her songwriting; specifically, she named Leaves of Grass by Whitman and "Howl" by Ginsberg. Her song, "Body Electric" from her third EP, Paradise, alludes to Whitman in the lyric, "Whitman is my daddy". The song's chorus of "I sing the body electric" is a direct reference to Whitman's poem "I Sing The Body Electric".[199][201] She recited Whitman's poem "Song of Myself" for the French fashion magazine, L'Officiel Paris.[83] Del Rey has also cited the surrealist film directors David Lynch and Federico Fellini and the surrealist painters Mark Ryden and Pablo Picasso as influences.[166][202] Lynch's film Blue Velvet (1986) inspired both the imagery and style of Del Rey's "Blue Velvet" cover.

Voice and timbre

Del Rey possesses an expansive contralto vocal range, which spans three-plus octaves and has been described as captivating and highly emotive, being able to transcend from sounding high and girlish in her timbre, down to a low and jazzy sound with great ease, although both these areas of the voice can be conflicting in the contrast of their sound, initially polarizing opinion.[203][204][205][206] Following the release of Ultraviolence, which was recorded live in single takes and lacking Pro Tools vocal editing, critics fell into favor with Del Rey's vocal ability, praising her large range, increased vocal confidence, and uniquely emotive delivery.[207][208][209] When recording in the studio Del Rey is known for vocal multi-layering, which, as it has been noted, is difficult for her to replicate within a live setting, especially with the lack of backing singers to fill out the original vocal style.[203] Stage fright has also been noted as a major contribution to Del Rey's struggles with live performances.[210] However, journalists noted in 2014 that her live performances had increased exponentially in confidence. Billboard deemed the Coachella debut of "West Coast" to be a "star-making performance" and lauded the singer's vocal abilities.[211][212] Contemporary music critics have called her voice "smoky",[213] "gravelly",[193] and reminiscent of Marilyn Monroe.[193]

Del Rey stated the use of her lower vocals on the tracks from Born to Die, claiming that "people weren't taking me very seriously, so I lowered my voice, believing that it would help me stand out. Now I sing quite low... well, for a female anyway".[214][215][216]

"I sing low now, but my voice used to be a lot higher. Because of the way I look, I needed something to ground the entire project. Otherwise I think people would assume I was some airhead singer. Well, I don't think... I know. I've sung one way, and sung another, and I've seen what people are drawn to", she said on the topic.[18]

Other ventures

Del Rey at the Paris Motor Show endorsing the Jaguar F-Type in 2012.

In 2010, Del Rey acted in a short film called Poolside, which she made with several friends on a reported budget of $400.[217]

On January 4, 2012, it was reported she had signed a deal with NEXT Model Management agency.[218] H&M confirmed that Del Rey would be modeling and recording a cover version of the popular 1950s prom anthem "Blue Velvet" for their 2012 Autumn Campaign.[219][220] H&M's 2012 Winter campaign, featuring Lana Del Rey, was released on October 12. This is the second H&M campaign Lana Del Rey is featured in.[221][222][223]

On August 22, 2012, executives announced that Del Rey would endorse their new Jaguar F-Type which was unveiled by Del Rey at the Paris Motor Show in September 2012. Adrian Hallmark, Jaguar's global brand director, explained their choice, saying Del Rey had "a unique blend of authenticity and modernity".[224][225]

The song "Burning Desire", which was initially available for immediate digital download upon pre-ordering Del Rey's third EP, Paradise, was later made available for purchase on Amazon.com and 7digital as a stand-alone download on March 19, 2013, one month after its music video hit YouTube. The song serves as the title track to a 13-minute promotional short film for the Jaguar F-Type, called Desire. The film, directed by Adam Smith, was produced by Ridley Scott and stars Damian Lewis.[226][227]

Public image

Prior to the release of her debut major label album Born to Die in 2012, Del Rey was subject to several thinkpieces discussing her image and career trajectory,[lower-alpha 3] including an article by Paul Harris published by The Guardian just one week before the album's release, which noted the differences between Del Rey's perceived persona in 2008, when she performed under the stage name Lizzy Grant, and in the present, as Lana Del Rey.[229] "The internet has allowed figures like [Del Rey] to come rapidly to the fore of the cultural landscape, whether or not their emergence is planned by a record executive or happens spontaneously from someone's bedroom," Harris wrote. "It has speeded up the fame cycle. It is worth noting that the huge backlash to Del Rey is happening before her first album has even been released. This reveals a cultural obsession with the "authenticity" that fans, artists and corporations all prize above all else."[229]

Del Rey responded to this in a 2017 interview, stating: "I didn’t edit myself [on Born to Die] when I could have, because a lot of it’s just the way it was. I mean, because I’ve changed a lot and a lot of those songs, it’s not that I don’t relate but… A lot of it too is I was just kinda nervous. I came off sort of nervously, and there was just a lot of dualities, a lot of juxtapositions going on that maybe just felt like something was a little off. Maybe the thing that was off was that I needed a little more time or something, and also my path was just so windy just to get to having a first record. I feel like I had to figure it out all by myself. Every move was just guesswork."[231]

Having been labeled as antifeminist multiple times in the past,[76][78][79] Del Rey dismissed feminism in June 2014, telling The Fader: "For me, the issue of feminism is just not an interesting concept. I'm more interested in, you know, SpaceX and Tesla, what's going to happen with our intergalactic possibilities. Whenever people bring up feminism, I'm like, God. I'm just not really that interested."[232] She also defended herself against the accusations of antifeminism, saying "For me, a true feminist is someone who is a woman who does exactly what she wants. If my choice is to, I don't know, be with a lot of men, or if I enjoy a really physical relationship, I don't think that's necessarily being anti-feminist. For me the argument of feminism never really should have come into the picture. Because I don't know too much about the history of feminism, and so I'm not really a relevant person to bring into the conversation. Everything I was writing was so autobiographical, it could really only be a personal analysis."[233]

In February 2017, Del Rey implied she had plans to take part in a magic binding ritual against Donald Trump on or about February 24, March 26, April 24, May 23,[234] which she again confirmed in July 2017.[235][236]

Personal life

Del Rey stated that she suffered from alcoholism at a young age, but has been sober since 2004.[11] In September 2012, she told GQ:

I was a big drinker at the time. I would drink every day. I would drink alone. I thought the whole concept was so fucking cool. A great deal of what I wrote on Born to Die is about these wilderness years. When I write about the thing that I've lost I feel like I'm writing about alcohol because that was the first love of my life. My parents were worried, I was worried. I knew it was a problem when I liked it more than I liked doing anything else. I was like, 'I'm fucked. I am totally fucked'. Like, at first it's fine and you think you have a dark side – it's exciting – and then you realise the dark side wins every time if you decide to indulge in it. It's also a completely different way of living when you know that... a different species of person. It was the worst thing that ever happened to me.[237]

She was in a relationship with Kassidy member Barrie-James O'Neill from August 2011 until June 2014.[238][239][240] Previously, Del Rey was in a relationship with alternative rock and antifolk musician Steven Mertens. Mertens produced her debut album, Lana Del Ray, before it was re-recorded by David Kahne.[12] She was also in a seven-year-long on-again, off-again relationship with the head of a record label, who was a great inspiration to her and whom she calls the love of her life.[232] She met him in her early 20s when she was trying to have her debut album released by a major label, and they are still close.[241] Del Rey moved to a home near Hancock Park in Koreatown, Los Angeles, in June 2014 (after living in New York City and London, England in the previous years), and she resided there with her siblings, Caroline and Charlie, for some time.[62][242] Del Rey then relocated to a secluded beach-front home in Malibu, California, in June 2015, after dealing with trespassers at her former house.[243] She also purchased two adjacent mansions (in addition to her Malibu home) in Studio City, Los Angeles, in September 2016.[244] Del Rey is Roman Catholic.[245]

Del Rey's left hand is tattooed with the letter "M", referencing her grandmother, Madeleine,[78] and the word "paradise".[246] Her right hand is tattooed with the phrase "trust no one".[247] She also has the phrase "die young" tattooed on her right ring finger.[248] Another tattoo on her right arm says, "Whitman Nabokov".[233] By November 2015, she had "Nina, Billie, Whitney and Amy" tattooed across her chest.[249] In 2012 Del Rey admitted her affinity for English Premier League football club Liverpool F.C..[250]

Discography

Filmography

Key
Films based on and featuring artist's songs Denotes films made as accompaniment pieces to Del Rey songs
Year Film Role Notes
2010 Poolside Lisa Short film; credited as Lizzy Grant
2012 Ride dagger Artist Short film
2013 Tropico dagger Eve/Virgin Mary Short film
2016 Freak dagger Pamela Courson Short film

Tours

Awards and nominations

Del Rey's work has earned her numerous awards and nominations; she has won the Q Award for "Best New Thing", a GQ Award for "Woman of the Year", two BRIT Awards for "International Breakthrough Act" and "International Female Solo Artist", and an EMA for "Best Alternative Act".

In 2013, she received her first Grammy nominations at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards. These nominations include Best Pop Vocal Album for Paradise and Best Song Written for Visual Media for "Young and Beautiful".[253]

In 2015, Del Rey won the MTV Europe Music Award for Best Alternative. She also received the Trailblazer Award at the 2015 Billboard Women in Music event.

In February 2016, Del Rey received "Best Female Artist of the Year" award from The Elle Style Awards by Elle magazine.[254]

Notes

  1. ↑ It was noted in articles published in Rolling Stone[6] the Irish Independent,[21] Clash,[22] and Yahoo[23] that Del Rey attended the Kent School on financial aid.
  2. ↑ Both critics and Del Rey herself have noted a persistent theme of Americana in her music. Articles published in The Huffington Post[159] The New Yorker,[160] Idolator,[161][162] Art+Action,[163] The Daily Mail,[164] and Vulture[165] have noted this.
  3. ↑ Several articles were published prior to the release of Born to Die that noted critical and public perceptions regarding the evolution of Del Rey's image. The presence of such thinkpieces circulating was noted in a 2011 Pitchfork article,[228] and would later be written on extensively in articles published in The Guardian[229] and Spin.[230]

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