83rd United States Congress

83rd United States Congress
82nd 
 84th

(1956)
January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
Senate President Alben W. Barkley (D)
until January 20, 1953
Richard Nixon (R)
from January 20, 1953
Senate Pres. pro tem Styles Bridges (R)
House Speaker Joseph William Martin, Jr. (R)
Members 96 Senators
435 Representatives
3 Non-voting members
Senate Majority Republican
House Majority Republican
Sessions
1st: January 3, 1953 – August 3, 1953
2nd: January 6, 1954 – December 2, 1954

The Eighty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1953, to January 3, 1955, during the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950.

Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Major events

Major legislation

President Eisenhower signs the Atomic Energy Act of 1954.

Key Votes

Senate

Legislation Party Yea Nay
Formosa Policy Democrats 12 32
January 28, 1955 Republicans 1 42
Rejected 13 74
China Mutual Defense Treaty Democrats 9 33
February 9, 1955 Republicans 1 27
Rejected 10 60
Raising Congressional Salaries Democrats 30 13
February 23, 1955 Republicans 32 11
Passed 62 24

House of Representatives

Legislation Party Yea Nay
Raising Congressional Salaries Democrats 166 59
February 16, 1955 Republicans 117 59
Passed 283 118
Reciprocal Trade Extension Democrats 80 140
February 18, 1955 Republicans 119 66
Rejected 199 206
Reciprocal Trade Extension Democrats 186 35
February 18, 1955 Republicans 109 75
Passed 295 110
Taxation Democrats 16 205
February 25, 1955 Republicans 189 5
Rejected 205 210

Party summary

Senate

Party
(shading shows control)
Total Vacant
Democratic
(D)
Independent
(I)
Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress 47 0 48 95 1
Begin 47 1 48 96 0
End
Final voting share 49.0% 1.0% 50.0%
Beginning of the next congress 48 1 47 96 0

House of Representatives

221 Republicans, 213 Democrats, 1 Independent

Total Membership: 435 Representatives, 2 Delegates, 1 Resident Commissioner

Leadership

Senate

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Caucuses

Members

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Within each state, senators are listed in order of seniority. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1954; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1956; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1958.

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

House of Representatives

House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80+% to 100% Democratic
  80+% to 100% Republican
  60+% to 80% Democratic
  60+% to 80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Republican

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Non-voting members

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate


State
(class)
Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation
North Carolina
(2)
Willis Smith (D) Died June 26, 1953.
Successor appointed July 10, 1953.
Alton Lennon (D) July 10, 1953
New Hampshire
(3)
Charles W. Tobey (R) Died July 24, 1953.
Successor appointed August 14, 1953.
Robert W. Upton (R) August 14, 1953
Ohio
(3)
Robert A. Taft (R) Died July 31, 1953.
Successor appointed November 10, 1953.
Thomas A. Burke (D) November 10, 1953
Nebraska
(2)
Dwight Griswold (R) Died April 12, 1954.
Successor appointed April 16, 1954.
Eva Bowring (R) April 16, 1954
North Carolina
(3)
Clyde R. Hoey (D) Died May 12, 1954.
Successor appointed May 12, 1954 and then elected November 2, 1954.
Sam Ervin (D) June 5, 1954
Wyoming
(2)
Lester C. Hunt (D) Died June 19, 1954.
Successor appointed June 24, 1954.
Edward D. Crippa (R) June 24, 1954
Nebraska
(1)
Hugh A. Butler (R) Died July 1, 1954.
Successor appointed July 3, 1954.
Samuel W. Reynolds (R) July 3, 1954
South Carolina
(2)
Burnet R. Maybank (D) Died September 1, 1954.
Successor appointed September 6, 1954.
Charles E. Daniel (D) September 6, 1954
Nevada
(3)
Pat McCarran (D) Died September 28, 1954.
Successor appointed October 1, 1954.
Ernest S. Brown (R) October 1, 1954
Nebraska
(1)
Samuel W. Reynolds (R) Did not run in the special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Roman Hruska (R) November 8, 1954
Nebraska
(2)
Eva Bowring (R) Did not run in the special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Hazel Abel (R) November 8, 1954
New Hampshire
(3)
Robert W. Upton (R) Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Norris Cotton (R) November 8, 1954
North Carolina
(2)
Alton Lennon (D) Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
W. Kerr Scott (D) November 29, 1954
Wyoming
(2)
Edward D. Crippa (R) Did not run in the special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D) November 29, 1954
Nevada
(3)
Ernest S. Brown (R) Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Alan Bible (D) December 2, 1954
Ohio
(3)
Thomas A. Burke (D) Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
George H. Bender (R) December 16, 1954
South Carolina
(2)
Charles E. Daniel (D) Resigned December 23, 1954.
Successor appointed December 24, 1954.
Strom Thurmond (D) December 24, 1954
Nebraska
(2)
Hazel Abel (R) Resigned December 31, 1954.
Successor was appointed January 1, 1955.
Carl Curtis (R) January 1, 1955

House of Representatives


District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date successor
seated
Georgia 2nd Vacant Rep. Edward E. Cox died during previous congress J. L. Pilcher (D) February 4, 1953
Illinois 7th Vacant Rep. Adolph J. Sabath died during previous congress James Bowler (D) July 7, 1953
Virginia 5th Thomas B. Stanley (D) resigned February 3, 1953, to run for Governor of Virginia William M. Tuck (D) April 14, 1953
South Carolina 4th Joseph R. Bryson (D) Died March 10, 1953 Robert T. Ashmore (D) June 2, 1953
Kentucky 2nd Garrett L. Withers (D) Died April 30, 1953 William H. Natcher (D) August 1, 1953
Wisconsin 9th Merlin Hull (R) Died May 17, 1953 Lester Johnson (D) October 13, 1953
California 24th Norris Poulson (R) Resigned June 11, 1953, after being elected Mayor of Los Angeles Glenard P. Lipscomb (R) November 10, 1953
New Jersey 6th Clifford P. Case (R) Resigned August 16, 1953 Harrison A. Williams (D) November 3, 1953
Hawaii Territory At-large Joseph R. Farrington (R) Resigned June 19, 1954 Elizabeth P. Farrington (R) August 4, 1954
New York 8th Louis B. Heller (D) Resigned July 21, 1954, after being appointed judge of the Court of Special Sessions of New York City Vacant Not filled this term
Georgia 4th A. Sidney Camp (D) Died July 24, 1954 John J. Flynt, Jr. (D) November 2, 1954
Michigan 3rd Paul W. Shafer (R) Died August 17, 1954 Vacant Not filled this term
Ohio 15th Robert T. Secrest (D) Resigned September 26, 1954 Vacant Not filled this term
New Hampshire 2nd Norris Cotton (R) Resigned November 7, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant Not filled this term
Nebraska 2nd Roman Hruska (R) Resigned November 8, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant Not filled this term
Florida 6th Dwight L. Rogers (D) Died December 1, 1954 Vacant Not filled this term
Ohio 15th George H. Bender (R) Resigned December 15, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant Not filled this term
Nebraska 1st Carl Curtis (R) Resigned December 31, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant Not filled this term
New York 21st Jacob K. Javits (R) Resigned December 31, 1954, after being elected New York Attorney General Vacant Not filled this term

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (2 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

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