Egypt–Sudan relations

Sudanese-Egyptian relations

Sudan
Egypt

Egypt–Sudan relations are bilateral relations between Sudan and Egypt.

Sudan and Egypt have enjoyed long-standing complex historical ties, centred on historical overlaps in antiquity when Nubian Kingdoms in Sudan controlled Egypt and Egyptian dynasties invaded Sudan, cultural ties and Egypt's quest for controlling the Nile's waters. Prior to Sudanese independence in 1956, Sudan was incorporated into Egypt in 1821 century through Muhammad Ali Dynasty invasion and occupation of Sudan followed by the Mahdist Sudan national revolution in 1885 and the subsequent reconquest of Sudan under British rule in 1899.

Sudan was only one of two members of the Arab League to show solidarity with Egypt in its Camp David peace initiatives with Israel in the late 1970s.

A major dispute between Sudan and Egypt is over the Hala'ib Triangle: Sudan claims the area, although Egypt has militarily occupied it since 1995 and Egypt refuses to take the dispute to international arbitration. Another disagreement is over dams in Ethiopia, specifically the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam which Sudan views as legitimate and of regional benefit whereas Egypt views as a threat to its water security.

Egypt's policy on Sudan is that it was in favor of a united Sudan. As such Egypt was not directly involved in the Sudan Peace Process that was hosted in Kenya under the auspices of IGAD and that gave the peoples of South Sudan the right to secede and form an independent state in 2011 after the long and brutal Sudanese civil war that cumulatively lasted more than 40 years and claimed over 2 million lives.

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