Economy of Kochi

Kochi ( pronunciation ; Malayalam: കൊച്ചി [Kochi]); formerly known as Cochin) is a city in southern India, and the commercial hub of the state of Kerala.[1] In recent years the city has witnessed heavy investment, [2] posting a GDP growth rate of 8.3%;[3] thus making it one of the fastest-growing second-tier metro cities in India[4] . The District contributes 41.74% of total revenue of Kerala State, of which 54% is contribution of Kochi City alone.

Synopsis

Contemporarily designed walkway and bridges at Marine Drive represents the modern face of Kochi.

The economy of Kochi can be classified as a business economy with emphasis on the service sector.[5] Major business sectors include construction, manufacturing, shipbuilding, transportation/shipping, seafood and spices exports, chemical industries, information technology (IT), tourism, health services, and banking. The High Court of Kerala is situated in the city. Consequentially, legal services are a major contributor to the economy. To tap the potential of the natural harbour at Kochi further, a marina[6] and an international container transshipment terminal[7] have been built. The city also houses Kerala's only stock exchange, the Cochin Stock Exchange. Federal Bank, the fourth largest Private-sector bank in India, is headquartered at Aluva. As in most of Kerala, inward remittances from abroad by Non Resident Indians (NRI) is a major source of income. Kochi is recognized as one of the seventeen major industrial cities of India by World Bank, Doing Business Group. In the 2009 rankings of ease to start and operate a business, Kochi was ranked sixteenth, above Kolkata[8] Exports and allied activities are also important contributors to the city's economy. Tourism has of late, become a major contributor to the city's income. The Headquarters of the Southern Naval Command of the Indian Navy is situated at Venduruthy about 5 kilometers south of the city centre. The state government has given priority to the establishment of IT and BPO enterprises to exploit the opportunities that have arisen in the field.

Major industries

Fishermen fishing in traditional boats in the backwaters. Kochi is a major exporter of seafood.

Chemical industry

Eloor, situated 17 km north of the city, is an island of 11.21 km2 and is the largest industrial belt in Kerala. There are more than 247 industries viz. Fertilisers and Chemicals Travancore (FACT), Travancore Cochin Chemicals, Indian Rare Earths Limited, Hindustan Insecticides Limited and many others manufacturing a range of products like chemical-petrochemical products, pesticides, rare-earth elements, rubber processing chemicals, fertilizers, zinc/chromium compounds and leather products.

Ship building

The Cochin Shipyard in Kochi is one of the largest[9] ship building facility in India.[10] Cochin Shipyard was incorporated in the year 1972 as a fully owned Government of India company. In the last three decades the company has emerged as a forerunner in the Indian shipbuilding & Shiprepair industry. This yard can build and repair the largest vessels in India. It can build ships up to 1,100,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT) and repair ships up to 1,250,000 DWT. The yard has delivered two of India’s largest double hull Aframax tankers each of 95,000 DWT. CSL has secured shipbuilding orders from internationally renowned companies from Europe & Middle East and is nominated to build the country’s first indigenously built Air Defence Ship. The Cochin Shipyard also builds ships for the Indian Navy.

Shipyard commenced ship repair operations in the year 1982 and has undertaken repairs of all types of ships including upgradation of ships of oil exploration industry as well as periodical lay up repairs and life extension of ships of Navy, UTL, Coast Guard, Fisheries and Port Trust besides merchant ships of SCI & ONGC. The yard has, over the years, developed adequate capabilities to handle complex and sophisticated repair jobs. Recently Cochin Shipyard won a major repair orders from ONGC. The order for major repairs of three rigs viz Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit (MODU) Sagar Vijay, Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit (MODU) Sagar Bhushan and Jack Up Rig (JUR) Sagar Kiran was secured by CSL against very stiff international competition.

Oil refining

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited Kochi Refinery. Kochi also has an oil refinery — the Kochi Refineries Limited (KRL), in Ambalamedu. Formerly known as Cochin Refineries Ltd., was formally registered on 6 September 1963 at Ernakulam. Philips Petroleum International Corporation was the prime contractors for the construction of the refinery. They entrusted the work to Pacific Procon Limited. Construction work started in March 1964 and the first unit came on stream just after 29 months in September 1966. In accordance with the decision of Govt. of India to sell its stake in Kochi Refineries Ltd., a stand-alone refinery with a capacity of 7.5 MMTPA, BPCL has acquired 54.81% shares held by Govt. of India (GOI) in Kochi Refineries Ltd. on 26.03.2001 for a total consideration of Rs. 6591 million. Consequent to the merger Order dated 18 August 2006 issued by Ministry of Company Affairs, the refinery has been amalgamated with Bharat Petroleum Corporation, henceforth to be known as BPCL-Kochi Refinery.

Information technology

Kochi is the second biggest contributor to Kerala's IT Exports. Kochi is one of the leading Tier-II destination for IT and ITES companies in the country. The availability of 15 Gbit/s bandwidth, through undersea cables such as FLAG, SAFE and SEA ME WE 3 ensures seamless data flow, and lower operational costs compared to other major cities in India, has been to its advantage. The InfoPark promoted by the Government of Kerala is home to companies like TCS, Wipro, IBS Software Services, QBurst, Fragomen, Xerox, North Gate Arinso, Ernst & Young, UST Global, Suyati and Cognizant, IT exports from InfoPark alone are worth around 3200 crores. A larger technology campus, the SmartCity, Kochi, is under construction, the first phase of which is expected to open by March 2015.[11]

Electronics Hardware

Kochi has a well established Electronics Hardware Industry. V-Guard Industries, the market leader in voltage stabilizers, FCI OEN Connectors and SFO Technologies, the largest manufacturer of photonics devices in India[12] are the largest operators in this field. The Government of Kerala has announced a project to build an industrial park named Electronic City[13] spanning an area of 340 acres, to cater to the electronic hardware industries. The private operator NeST[14] is building a Special Economic Zone specifically for electronics hardware spanning an area of 30 acres.

Retail

The Oberon Mall is the first full format shopping mall in the state of Kerala

Kochi is a shopping hub for the central Kerala. The higher GDP and per-capita income in the surrounding district promotes the retail business. The major retail ventures in Kochi are in gold, textile, Furniture and Home Accessories and Home Applicance. There are a number of Textile stores that exceed 50,000 sq ft (4,600 m2) of retail space.. Emmanual silks in kochi is the world's largest textile showroom.

Kochi houses the most number of shopping malls in the state of Kerala. Oberon Mall is the first full format mall in the state. Gold Souk Grande Kochi is a larger mall which is partially open for business. Abad Nucleus Mall & Baypride mall are fully open. Apart from these, the LuLu International Shopping Mall, the largest shopping mall in India, is located in Edapally area of Kochi, Kerala. There are many more under construction, like Q1 Mall, Baani Mega Mall, Mall of joy, Central plaza, Unitech great India Place, Forum mall and RDS Rajagiri Mall. It will also be home to India's 1st health mall BCG Healthsquare (under construction).

Spices and seafood

Kochi is home to the International Pepper Exchange, where black pepper is globally traded. The Spices Board of India is also headquartered at Kochi. The Cochin fishing harbour, located at Thoppumpady is a major fishing port in the state and supplies fish to the local and export markets. Central Government establishments like the Coconut Development Board, the Coir Board, the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA) and the Spices Board are also located in the city.

Others

Central Government establishments like the Coconut Development Board, the Coir Board and the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA) have head offices located in the city.

See also

Notes

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  1. ↑ "The Economy of Kochi— Trade & Industry in Kochi". Kochi Corporation. Retrieved 23 May 2006.
  2. ↑ George Joseph (10 June 2005). "Check out how Kochi is shining!". Rediff.com. Retrieved 6 January 2006.
  3. ↑ "Kochi - Fast Facts". Worldroom.com. Retrieved 2 July 2006.
  4. ↑ Rakee Mohan (8 April 2006). "Developing metro and quaint environs". Economic Times. Retrieved 23 May 2006.
  5. ↑ "Services sector fuels 9.2 PC growth in Kerala". Blonnet. Retrieved 23 May 2006.
  6. ↑ "CPT hands over land for marina". The Hindu. 26 August 2005. Retrieved 23 May 2006.
  7. ↑ "Kochi terminal handed over to Dubai Ports International". The Hindu. 2 April 2005. Retrieved 23 May 2006.
  8. ↑ "Doing Business in India 2009". World Bank. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  9. ↑ In terms of dead weight tons of ships built
  10. ↑ "List of ship building centres in India". Shipping Ministry of India. Archived from the original on 26 December 2005. Retrieved 23 May 2006.
  11. ↑ http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/Smart-City-Phase-I-to-be-over-by-March-25/2014/05/03/article2203296.ece
  12. ↑ http://www.photonics.com/Article.aspx?AID=40675
  13. ↑ http://expressbuzz.com/cities/kochi/kochi-the-next-electronic-city/202536.html%5B%5D
  14. ↑ http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2010/07/09/stories/2010070950191900.htm

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