East Chicago, Indiana

East Chicago, Indiana
City

Indianapolis Blvd

Seal
Nickname(s): Indiana Harbor, The Harbor, E.C., The Twin City (East Chicago & Indiana Harbor neighborhoods – used in the early 1900s).
Motto: "Progredemur" (We Progress)
and A City of Hope and Progress

Location of East Chicago in Lake County, Indiana.
Coordinates: 41°38′20″N 87°27′44″W / 41.63889°N 87.46222°W / 41.63889; -87.46222Coordinates: 41°38′20″N 87°27′44″W / 41.63889°N 87.46222°W / 41.63889; -87.46222
Country United States United States
State Indiana Indiana
County Lake
Township North
Incorporated (Town) 1889[1]
Incorporated (City) 1893[1]
Government[2]
 • Type Mayor-Council
 • Mayor Anthony Copeland (D)
 • City Council
 • City Clerk Mary Morris Leonard (D)
 • City Judge Sonya Morris (D)
Area[3]
 • Total 16.16 sq mi (41.84 km2)
 • Land 14.09 sq mi (36.49 km2)
 • Water 2.07 sq mi (5.35 km2)
Elevation 591 ft (180 m)
Population (2010)[4]
 • Total 29,698
 • Estimate (2016)[5] 28,418
 • Density 2,016.89/sq mi (778.75/km2)
Standard of living (2008-12)[4]
 • Per capita income $13,457
 • Median home value $86,800
Time zone Central (UTC-6)
 • Summer (DST) Central (UTC-5)
ZIP code 46312
Area code 219
FIPS code 18-19486[6]
GNIS feature ID 0433875[7]
Interstate, U.S. and State Routes

Waterways

Grand Calumet River
Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal
Lake Michigan

South Shore Line station

East Chicago

Public transit East Chicago Transit
Website www.eastchicago.com
Demographics (2010)[8]
White Black Asian
35.5% 42.9% 0.1%
Islander Native Other Hispanic
(any race)
0.0% 0.6% 20.9% 50.9%
Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18901,255—
19003,411171.8%
191019,098459.9%
192035,96788.3%
193054,78452.3%
194054,637−0.3%
195054,263−0.7%
196057,6696.3%
197046,982−18.5%
198039,786−15.3%
199033,892−14.8%
200032,414−4.4%
201029,698−8.4%
Est. 201628,418[5]−4.3%
Source: US Census Bureau

East Chicago is a city in Lake County, Indiana, United States. The population was 29,698 at the 2010 census. It is the home of Marktown, Clayton Mark's planned worker community.[9]

History

A post office called East Chicago has been in operation since 1889.[10] The city was named from its location east of Chicago, Illinois.[11]

The Indiana Harbor Public Library and Marktown Historic District are listed in the National Register of Historic Places.[12]

For 105 years, East Chicago was home to the Inland Steel Company (1893-1998).

In 2009, parts of East Chicago were discovered to have toxic lead and arsenic contamination, designated the USS Lead Superfund Site. The Superfund site is divided into three zones, with public housing and residential properties.[13] Residents' decades-long concerns about lead contamination were confirmed in 2016 via EPA testing, especially affecting over 270 families in the West Calumet Housing Complex.[14][15] As Governor of Indiana, Vice-President Mike Pence declined to declare the Superfund site a state emergency;[16] his successor Governor Eric Holcomb has issued Executive Order 17-13, declaring a disaster emergency in East Chicago.[17][18]

Geography

According to the 2010 census, East Chicago has a total area of 16.155 square miles (41.84 km2), of which 14.09 square miles (36.49 km2) (or 87.22%) is land and 2.065 square miles (5.35 km2) (or 12.78%) is water.[19]

Demographics

2010 census

As of the census[4] of 2010, there were 29,698 people, 10,724 households, and 7,197 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,107.7 inhabitants per square mile (813.8/km2). There were 12,958 housing units at an average density of 919.7 per square mile (355.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 42.9% African American, 35.5% White, 0.6% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 18.1% from other races, and 2.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 50.9% of the population.

There were 10,724 households of which 40.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 27.9% were married couples living together, 31.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.9% were non-families. 29.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.42.

The median age in the city was 30.9 years. 31.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.4% were from 25 to 44; 22.2% were from 45 to 64; and 11.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.8% male and 53.2% female.

2000 census

As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 32,414 people, 11,707 households, and 7,937 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,706.3 people per square mile (1,044.7/km²). There were 13,261 housing units at an average density of 1,107.2 per square mile (427.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 36.54% White, 36.08% African American, 0.51% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 23.98% from other races, and 2.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 51.61% of the population. Whites who are not Hispanic or Latino were 12.10% of the city's population. 54.3% spoke only English at home, while 42.9% Spanish and 1.2% Polish at home.

There were 11,707 households out of which 35.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.8% were married couples living together, 26.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.2% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.41.

In the city, the population was spread out with 30.5% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 18.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 91.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,538, and the median income for a family was $31,778. Males had a median income of $32,588 versus $21,678 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,517. About 22.5% of families and 24.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.3% of those under age 18 and 15.6% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation

The nearest commercial airport to East Chicago is the Gary/Chicago International Airport in neighboring Gary, but it does not have any scheduled passenger service. The closest commercial airport with scheduled passenger service is Chicago Midway Airport.

The South Shore Line (NICTD) has a station in East Chicago.

US 12 and US 20 go through the Indiana Harbor and East Chicago sections of the city, respectively, before joining up on both sides. Indiana State Road 912, the Cline Avenue Expressway, connects East Chicago with the Indiana Toll Road and Borman Expressway, and serves the casino and steel mills on the lakefront.

Bus transit

The city operates a free bus service known as East Chicago Transit. It features three routes: Route 1 Crosstown, Route 2 West Calumet, and Route 4 Woodmar Mall. GPRT Route 12 stops in East Chicago en route from Hammond to Gary. PACE operates Route 892, a special work shuttle between Gary, East Chicago and UPS' Hodgkins facility. Its schedule coincides with UPS workers' shifts. The route is operated in cooperation with UPS, which partially funds its operations.

Neighborhoods

Education

East Chicago Public Library System operates a main library at 2401 East Columbus Drive and the Robert A. Pastrick Branch Library at 1008 West Chicago Avenue at Baring Avenue.[20] East Chicago also has two charter school options, East Chicago Urban Enterprise (K-8), and East Chicago Lighthouse Charter School (K-7).

Industry

Aerial view of Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal, flanked by Indiana Harbor Works

East Chicago is home to the following business and industry:

For 105 years, East Chicago was home to the Inland Steel Company (1893-1998).

Notable people

Government
Military
Movies - TV
Music
Sports
Other

References

  1. 1 2 "East Chicago, Indiana". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved 2014-10-16.
  2. ↑ "2014 Public Officials Directory". Lake County Board of Elections and Voter's Registration. Retrieved 2014-06-10.
  3. ↑ "2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved Jul 28, 2017.
  4. 1 2 3 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
  5. 1 2 "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  6. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  7. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  8. ↑ U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics 2010, Table DP-1, 2010 Demographic Profile Data. American FactFinder Archived September 11, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.. Retrieved 2014-06-30.
  9. 1 2 Smith, Stephanie; Mark, Steve (2011). "Marktown: Clayton Mark's Planned Worker Community in Northwest Indiana.". South Shore Journal. 4. Archived from the original on 2012-09-13.
  10. ↑ "Lake County". Jim Forte Postal History. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  11. ↑ Baker, Ronald L. (October 1995). From Needmore to Prosperity: Hoosier Place Names in Folklore and History. Indiana University Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-253-32866-3. ...as the city is located east of Chicago...
  12. ↑ National Park Service (2010-07-09). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  13. ↑ 05, OEC, US EPA, REG. "USS Lead Superfund Site". www.epa.gov. Retrieved 2017-02-23.
  14. ↑ 05, OEC, US EPA, REG. "West Calumet Housing Complex – East Chicago, Ind.". www.epa.gov. Retrieved 2017-02-23.
  15. ↑ Janzen, Nick (2016-09-02). "East Chicago Residents Scramble For Info After Lead Found In Soil". WFYI Public Media. Retrieved 2017-02-23.
  16. ↑ Erbentraut, Joseph (2017-02-16). "Mike Pence Ignored A Lead Contamination Crisis In His Backyard". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 2017-02-23.
  17. ↑ "Governor Holcomb: Executive Orders". www.in.gov. Retrieved 2017-02-23.
  18. ↑ "East Chicago Lead Crisis Declared Emergency by Indiana Governor". Chicago, IL Patch. 2017-02-10. Retrieved 2017-02-23.
  19. ↑ "G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2015-07-28.
  20. ↑ "About ECPL." East Chicago Public Library. Retrieved on January 21, 2009.
  21. ↑ "Indiana Harbor". Facilities: Americas. ArcelorMittal. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
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