Williton
| Williton | |
|---|---|
  Williton | |
| Williton shown within Somerset | |
| Population | 2,607 [1] |
| OS grid reference | ST077412 |
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | TAUNTON |
| Postcode district | TA4 |
| Dialling code | 01984 |
| Police | Avon and Somerset |
| Fire | Devon and Somerset |
| Ambulance | South Western |
| EU Parliament | South West England |
| UK Parliament | |
Williton is a large village and civil parish in Somerset, England. It has many of the features of a small town, being the administrative centre for the district of West Somerset. Williton is situated at the junction of the A39, A358 and B3191 roads, on the coast 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Watchet roughly equidistant between Minehead, Bridgwater and Taunton.
The parish includes the seaside village of Doniford and the hamlet of St Decumans.[2]
Williton station is on the West Somerset Railway line. Doniford Halt on the same line serves the nearby Haven Holiday centre.
Since 1974 Williton has been administered by West Somerset District Council. The Parish Council was created in 1983. It is a registration district for Births, Marriages and Deaths. Williton is twinned with Neung-sur-Beuvron in the Loir-et-Cher département of France.[3]
History
Until 1902 Williton was part of the ancient parish of Saint Decuman,[4] which included also the town of Watchet. The parish of St Decuman was part of the Williton and Freemanners Hundred.[5][6]
Within Williton parish, to the south-west, is Orchard Wyndham House, a Grade I listed building, [7] which was the centre of an estate called "Orchard". Paleolithic, mesolithic and neolithic flints have been found at Doniford to the north-east of Williton while three Bronze Age barrows survive at Battlegore Burial Chamber, just north of the centre of Williton.
The name of Williton is Anglo-Saxon and means "estate on the Willet" (river); the Willet is a brook that rises at Willet, flows north through the hamlet of Stream, and close to the former manor house of Williton, then it joins the Doniford Brook north-east of Williton. Both watercourses seem to have been known as the Willet in the 12th century.
"Willet" may well be a British name. In the time of Edward the Elder the manor at Wiilitun was a royal hunting estate; its only pre-Conquest mention is in Edward's charter to the priory at Taunton, in which the prior and monks are enjoined to provide board and lodging for a single night, when the king was progressing, with dogs and falcons and their keepers, "ad Curig vel Willittun", "to Curry or else Williton".[8] In the Domesday Survey Williton continued to form a royal estate, with Carhampton and Cannington. In the Middle Ages the village was divided into the manors of Williton Fulford and Williton Hadley. An estate known as Williton Templar belonged to the Knights Templar, and was later known as Williton Hospital and Williton Regis. Originally the centre of the village appears to have been near the church but over time it has migrated to the north-east.
Much of the centre of Williton dates from the later 19th century but Long Street includes several 17th-century houses, as do Bridge, Priest, Robert and Shutgate Streets. Agriculture has been the prime activity in the parish while Williton village became a local government and communal centre. Its importance increased with the creation of new toll roads that today are the main roads to the village. It is an important local shopping area and from 1894 has been an administration centre. It had a workhouse for the district, which became the local hospital until 1990 but has now been converted into housing.
Doniford House has late medieval origins and was enlarged circa 1600.[9] Beside the beach is an early 19th-century lime kiln which is thought to have been in operation until the 1930s.[10]
Before World War II at a site between Watchet and Doniford a gunnery range was established for various army units to practice anti-aircraft gunnery. Unmanned target aircraft were towed by planes from RAF Weston Zoyland and later were fired from catapults over the sea.[11] Little of the camp buildings survive and it is now the site of a holiday park.[12]
Geology
Doniford bay has Jurassic fossils in the cliffs. Charmouth fossils[13] collects a number of their' fossils from Doniford.
Governance
The parish council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council’s operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The parish council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The parish council's role also includes initiating projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning. Conservation matters (including trees and listed buildings) and environmental issues are also the responsibility of the council.
The village falls within the non-metropolitan district of West Somerset, which was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, having previously been part of Williton Rural District.[14] The district council is responsible for local planning and building control, local roads, council housing, environmental health, markets and fairs, refuse collection and recycling, cemeteries and crematoria, leisure services, parks, and tourism. Williton is an electoral ward of the district.
Somerset County Council is responsible for running the largest and most expensive local services such as education, social services, libraries, main roads, public transport, policing and fire services, trading standards, waste disposal and strategic planning.
It is also part of the Bridgwater and West Somerset county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election, and part of the South West England constituency of the European Parliament which elects seven MEPs using the d'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation.
Tourism
Williton is a good centre for visiting the Quantock Hills, the Brendons and Exmoor as well as the coast at Minehead, Dunster, Blue Anchor and Watchet, which are on the West Somerset Coast Path. Accommodation may be obtained in the village. There are facilities nearby for camping, sailing and wind-surfing as well as the usual beach activities. On the nearby cliffs fossils are exposed. There is easy access to the West Somerset Railway, which is the longest private railway in the country, and is run by a trust.
Places of interest are the Bakelite Museum and the Tropiquaria Zoo at the old radio station. Halsway Folk Music Centre is not far away.
The village lies on the route of the Macmillan Way West and Celtic Way Exmoor Option.
Facilities
Emergency Services
There is a police station in Priest Street and both a hospital and fire station off North Street.
Medical
The Medical Centre at the end of Killick Way has a doctors surgery and pharmacy. Williton Hospital, off North Street, is a part of the Somerset Coast Primary Care Trust but does not have a casualty department. The nearest dentists are in Williton or Minehead.
Educational
The West Somerset area uses a three-tier education system. St Peters Church of England First School was opened on its present site in Doniford Road in 1996. It has five classes of mixed ability. There is a fairly large middle school — Danesfield Church of England — which caters for children between 9 and 13. Older students generally travel to the West Somerset College in Minehead.
Danesfield is also the centre for community education classes. There is a Somerset County library in Killick Way (closed Tuesdays).
Religious
The date of the origin of St Peter's Church in Bridge Street is uncertain but it is believed that God has been worshiped on the site for more than 1000 years.[15] The names of the Priests serving the Church and the parish can be traced back go the 13th century. The status of the Church changed dramatically in 1170 when The Lord of the manor, Sir Reginald Fitzurse, became one of the murderers of St Thomas a Becket. Following the murder the ownership of the manor passed to Reginald's brother Robert and the Knights Templar.[16] The historian Collinson records (1792) that Robert rebuilt the chapel of Williton implying that the Saxon chapel was in ruins. The Liber Albus manuscripts in Wells Cathedral library show Robert gave to the Church of St Decuman, Watchet some important property and certain rights in the chapel.[16] The church at Williton thus became very much a daughter Church of Watchet and became known as a Chapel of Ease.
The current building is mostly from the 16th century and is now a Grade II* listed building.[17] Further work was undertaken in the 17th century when the Church was known as All Saints. Further work was done from time to time and in 1810 a south extension was built though the Elizabethan windows were relocated and reused in the south wall. The church fell into a state if disrepair and in 1856 suffered a rather over enthusiastic restoration under the architect C.E. Giles.[17] The Priest responsible for the big restoration of 1856/59, Samuel Heathcote (at the Church 1854 to 1906), was appointed Perpetual Curate but was signing the registers as Vicar from 21 November 1889 showing that Williton had become a parish separate from Watchet.[18] The full details of the Church are recorded in Harry Armstrong's book The Parish of St Peter Williton published privately in 1982 and printed by Langley Print of Taunton.
Williton also has a Methodist Chapel.
Social
There is a recreation ground with a children's area. A new community hall is planned, but is opposed by a small part of the local community, which is mostly people who live nearby and do not want the younger members of the community having more activities.[19] There are many social activities within Williton including the social club which needs updating, bowling club, gardening club, rifle club, Women's Institute, Good Neighbours Club, British Legion and Young Farmers. The Scout Association and Girlguiding UK meet regularly.
There is a weekly Country Market every Friday. A supermarket was proposed by a local businessman but there is large opposition.
There is also a riding school located on Roughmore industrial estate open to anyone who wants to learn the equestrian arts.
There are various Martial arts clubs including Judo, Ju-Jitsu, and Karate.
Transport
Buses run to Taunton and Minehead for which timetables are available from the post office. There are also buses to nearby supermarkets.
Williton railway station is on the preserved West Somerset Railway, which operates on most days through the year.
There is a voluntary car service called WHEELs for those without transport for shopping, visits to the doctor etc.
Demographics
In the 2001 census Williton parish had 1,163 male and 1,411 female residents living in 1,103 households, with 27% being over 65 years. Of all residents, 62% described their health as good.
Redevelopment
There is a master plan for redevelopment of the centre of Williton. The West Somerset Council is due to centralise its offices on Williton and the plans for this include retail, residential and community facilities.
Publications
Williton has a regular monthly newsletter, delivered free to all homes in the village, called the Williton Window. The slogan is 'Your church and community magazine'. An information pack is available to newcomers through Williton Window.
A book showing Williton as it used to be is The Book of Williton.
An information leaflet on West Somerset organisations is available from the West Somerset Free Press.
Further reading
Chidgey, Joyce; Chidgey, Maurice. (2007). The Book of Watchet and Williton Revisited. Wellington, Somerset: Halsgrove Publishing. ISBN 1-84114-628-5.
References
- ↑ "Statistics for Wards, LSOAs and Parishes — SUMMARY Profiles" (Excel). Somerset Intelligence. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
- ↑ Decumanus was one of the Celtic saints who came to Somerset from South Wales during the seventh century
- ↑ Williton and District Twinning Association
- ↑ "Williton" (PDF). Somerset Urban Archaeological Survey. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
- ↑ "Somerset Hundreds". GENUKI. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ↑ R.W. Dunning (editor), A.P. Baggs, R.J.E. Bush, M.C. Siraut (1985). "Parishes: St. Decumans, including Watchet and Williton". Victoria County History. A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 5. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
- ↑ "Orchard Wyndham". Images of England. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
- ↑ CS 612. William Henry Parr Greswell, 1905. Forests & Deer Parks of the County of Somerset p. 36; H. P. R. Finberg, ed. 1981. The Agrarian History of England and Wales Volume 1:ii, p. 456.
- ↑ "Doniford House". Images of England. Retrieved 2008-02-01.
- ↑ "Limekiln about 100 metres North-West of Doniford Farmhouse". Images of England. Retrieved 2008-02-01.
- ↑ Berryman, David (2006). Somerset airfields in the Second World War. Newbury: Countryside Books. pp. 127–131. ISBN 1-85306-864-0.
- ↑ "Doniford Camp, Doniford". Somerset Historic Environment Record. Somerset County Council. Retrieved 22 January 2011.
- ↑ http://www.charmouthfossils.co.uk/
- ↑ "Williton RD". A vision of Britain Through Time. University of Portsmouth. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
- ↑ Gathercole, Clare. "An archaeological assessment of Williton" (PDF). English Heritage Extensive Urban Survey. Somerset County Council. p. 7. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- 1 2 R.W. Dunning (editor), A.P. Baggs, R.J.E. Bush, M.C. Siraut (1985). "Parishes: St. Decumans, including Watchet and Williton". A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 5. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- 1 2 "Church of St Peter". National Heritage List for England. English Heritage. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- ↑ "Williton". Quantock Online. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- ↑ "Williton pavilion plan to be put to villagers". West Somerset Free Press. 14 February 2013. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
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