Ambidensovirus
Ambidensovirus | |
---|---|
Virus classification | |
Group: | Group II (ssDNA) |
Order: | Unassigned |
Family: | Parvoviridae |
Subfamily: | Densovirinae |
Genus: | Ambidensovirus |
Type species | |
Lepidopteran ambidensovirus 1 |
The virus genus Ambidensovirus belongs to the Densovirinae subfamily which belongs to the Parvoviridae family. The viruses of this genus are single-stranded DNA viruses. This genus infects invertebrates, including crustaceans and insects. There are currently six species in this genus including the type species Lepidopteran ambidensovirus 1.[1][2]
Taxonomy
Group: ssDNA
- Family: Parvoviridae
- Sub-Family: Densovirinae
- Genus: Ambidensovirus
- Blattodean ambidensovirus 1
- Blattodean ambidensovirus 2
- Dipteran ambidensovirus 1
- Hemipteran ambidensovirus 1
- Lepidopteran ambidensovirus 1
- Orthopteran ambidensovirus 1
Structure
Virions consist of non-enveloped capsids that have a round appearance and display icosahedral symmetry.[3] The virions each have an isometric (and therefore spherical) nucleocapsid with a diameter of either 18–22 nm or 20–26 nm.[3] Sixty capsomers are present in each capsid.[3] The structure of each capsomer is described as "a quadrilateral 'kite-shaped' wedge"; the surface is said to have a rough appearance with small projections.[3] The centre of capsids are sometimes visualised as appearing dark due to stain penetration in preparations where only a single species is retrieved. The virions do not appear to contain lipids. The buoyant density (in CsCl) of the virions is 1.4–1.44 g cm−3.[3]
Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ambidensovirus | Icosahedral | T=1 | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
Genome
Ambidensoviruses are non-enveloped and have icosahedral capsids with T=1 symmetry. They have non-segmented genomes that contain a single linear molecule of single-stranded DNA. The genome codes for structural proteins are about 5000 nucleotides in length and could either be negative-sense or positive-sense. Conserved nucleotide sequences of usually 120–300 or more nucleotides are present at the 3'-terminus and an inverted repeat of this could also be found at the 5'-terminus.[3]
Life cycle
Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Replication follows the rolling-hairpin model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Insects serve as the natural host.[1]
Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ambidensovirus | Insects | Variable | Clathrin-mediated endocytosis | uncertain | Nucleus | Nucleus | Unknown |
References
- 1 2 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
- 1 2 ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 12 June 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Densovirinae". ICTVdB—The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Retrieved 2007-05-15.
External links
- Densovirus associated with sea-star wasting disease and mass mortality
- Viralzone: Ambidensovirus
- ICTV