Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)

Democratic Liberal Party
Partidul Democrat-Liberal
President Emil Boc (2007–12)
Vasile Blaga (2012–14)
Founded 2007
Dissolved 17 November 2014
Merger of Democratic Party and
Liberal Democratic Party
Merged into National Liberal Party
Headquarters Aleea Modrogan, 1
Bucharest
Membership (2014) 218,013[1]
Ideology Liberal conservatism[2][3]
Christian democracy[3]
Political position Centre-right[4][5]
European affiliation European People's Party
International affiliation Centrist Democrat International
European Parliament group European People's Party
Colours Orange and Blue
Website
http://www.pdl.org.ro/

The Democratic Liberal Party (Romanian: Partidul Democrat-Liberal, PDL) was a liberal-conservative[2] political party in Romania. The party was formed on 15 December 2007, when the Democratic Party (PD) merged with the Liberal Democratic Party (PLD). On 17 November 2014 the PDL officially merged into the National Liberal Party (PNL), ceasing to exist.[6][7] The PDL was associated with Traian Băsescu, who was previously leader of the PD and President of Romania from 2004 to 2014.

History

Background

The PDL traces its roots in the National Salvation Front (FSN), the body which, under the leadership of Ion Iliescu, seized power during the Romanian Revolution of 1989 which ended the Communist regime.[8] Conflicts broke out between FSN leaders Ion Iliescu and Petre Roman in early 1992, and this led to the separation of the Iliescu wing under the name of Democratic National Salvation Front (FDSN), which later became the Social Democratic Party (PSD).[9]

In 1993 the FSN was renamed Democratic Party (PD)[10] and distanced itself from its social-democratic roots to gradually become a centre-right party, whose ideology was transmitted to the PDL.

In advance of the 2004 general election the PD joined forces with the National Liberal Party (PNL) to create the Justice and Truth Alliance, whose main purpose was to oppose the governing Social Democratic Party (PSD).

Foundation

From mid-2005, the PD's relations with the PNL also became strained. On 15 December 2007 the PD was merged into the new Democratic Liberal Party along with the Liberal Democratic Party (PLD), a splinter group from the PNL. The PLD approved the merger in a party congress with 933 in favour, six abstentions and one against.[11]

Government of Emil Boc (2008–2012) and Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu

At the 2008 general election the PDL won the most seats in chambers and formed a new government coalition with the PSD. The two parties fell out in 2009 and the government was replaced by another one including the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR) and the National Union for the Progress of Romania (UNPR).

Later, in 2012, due to massive street protests, Prime Minister Emil Boc resigned and president Traian Basescu appointed the independent Mihai Razvan Ungureanu, former SIE commander, to form a new cabinet which was invested by a vote in Parliament in February 2012. After a two-months parliamentary protest, the opposition managed to pass a motion of no confidence on the 5th of May 2012, sending the PDL into opposition. When the government fell, Traian Basescu consulted the parliamentary parties and decided to nominate PSD leader Victor Ponta as Prime Minister.

2012 local elections

On the 10th of June 2012, there were local elections. The PDL could win only two county council presidents (Arad and Alba) and 10 major city mayors (Cluj-Napoca, Brașov, Arad, Suceava, Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Alba Iulia, Tulcea, Târgu Mureș, Piatra Neamț, Târgoviște), which represented a crushing defeat, even if the party accqired 27% of Romania's mayors and almost 23% of the county and local councilors.

Because of these results, the president of PDL, Emil Boc, resigned and called for an early National Convention (congress) of the party, which was held on the 30th of June 2012. The Convention elected Vasile Blaga to become the new party president of PDL, and Gheorghe Flutur as secretary-general.

2012 parliamentary elections

In the run to the parliamentary elections the PDL announced an alliance with the Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party and Civic Force to form the Right Romania Alliance (ARD).[12] The alliance was dissolved on 9 December 2013.[13]

2014 European elections

In the 2014 European elections, the PDL received 12.2% of the national vote and returned 5 MEPs.[14]

Merger with the National Liberal Party

In late May 2014 the party agreed in principle to a future merger with the National Liberal Party (PNL), and for the two parties to submit a joint candidate for the upcoming 2014 presidential election.[15]

On 17 July 2014 it was announced that the new party formed from a future merger of the PDL and PNL would keep the National Liberal Party name, while being situated in the PDL's existing headquarters in Bucharest and would be registered by the end of 2014.[16] On 26 July 2014, a joint party congress of the PDL and PNL approved the merger.[17] On 28 July 2014 the PDL and PNL formed the Christian Liberal Alliance (ACL) to jointly contest the upcoming presidential election.[18][19] In the first round of the 2014 presidential election held on 2 November 2014, ACL candidate Klaus Iohannis received 30.4% of the vote, coming in second place behind Victor Ponta, the PSD candidate and incumbent Prime Minister.[20] In the runoff election held on 16 November 2014, Iohannis received 54.5% of the vote, becoming the surprise victor of the Romanian presidency.[21][22]

Ideology

The PDL's ideology is influenced by liberal conservatism and social conservatism. In this respect the party is a member of the European People's Party (EPP) and the Centrist Democrat International (IDC–CDI).

The PDL supports a consolidation of the free market and is supportive of Romania's flat-rate income tax of 16%. The party also supports reforming the Romanian Constitution in order to bring about a decentralisation in administration and give greater power to the country's eight development regions.

Founding deputies

Shortly before the 2008 legislative election the PDL had 69 deputies, of which

Notable members

Notes

  1. ↑ "Precizare ACL privind numarul de membri". Retrieved 18 November 2014.
  2. 1 2 Bakke, Elisabeth (2010), "Central and East European party systems since 1989", Central and Southeast European Politics Since 1989, Cambridge University Press, pp. 78, 80, ISBN 978-1-139-48750-4
  3. 1 2 Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu.
  4. ↑ Aslund, Anders (2010), The Last Shall Be The First: The East European financial crisis, Peterson Institute for International Economics, p. 39
    Jansen, Thomas; Van Hecke, Steven (2011). At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party. Springer. p. 78.
  5. ↑ Erol Külahci (1 May 2012). Europeanisation and Party Politics: How the EU affects Domestic Actors, Patterns and Systems. ECPR Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-907301-22-3.
  6. ↑ "PDL, radiat din Registrul partidelor politice. PNL, omorât şi reînviat". adevarul.ro. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  7. ↑ "Alianţa Creştin-Liberală desființată oficial. PDL-iștii sunt de astăzi PNL-iști!". Ziarul Unirea. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  8. ↑ Roper, p.66
  9. ↑ Roper, p.70
  10. ↑ Roper, p.79
  11. ↑ "Romania’s Liberal Democrats Vote Merger With Democrats". Mediafax.ro. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  12. ↑ "Right Romania Alliance officially launched". Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  13. ↑ "First victim of the 2012 local elections: Right Romania Alliance dissolves right after election day". Romania-Insider.com. 2012-12-11. Retrieved 2014-07-16.
  14. ↑ http://www.bec2014.ro/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/PV-BEC.pdf
  15. ↑ "Romania’s largest rightist parties agree on presidential candidate, fusion | Independent Balkan News Agency". Balkaneu.com. 2014-05-29. Retrieved 2014-07-16.
  16. ↑ ACTMedia - Romanian Business News. "Name of new party from PDL-PNL merger is PNL". Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  17. ↑ "Merger protocol between PNL-PDL, new party statute, approved by joint congress". Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  18. ↑ "Romania Opposition Parties Merge Before Elections". Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  19. ↑ "PNL and PDL form the Christian Liberal Alliance". Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  20. ↑ "Romania's PM Ponta wins first round of presidential election". Reuters. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  21. ↑ "Romania election surprise as Klaus Iohannis wins presidency". BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  22. ↑ "Romanians elected Klaus Iohannis their new president for the next five years". Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  23. ↑ Chamber of Deputies Accessed online September 10, 2008

References

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