Myrtillin
Myrtillin
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Names |
IUPAC name
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol chloride |
Other names
- Mirtillin
- Myrtillin chloride
- Delphinidin 3-glucoside
- Delphinidol 3-glucoside
- Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside
- Delphinidin 3-monoglucoside
- Delphinidine 3-monoglucoside
- Delphinidin-3-glucoside chloride
- Delphinidin 3-O-β-D-glucoside
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Identifiers |
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ChEBI |
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ChemSpider |
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InChI=1S/C21H20O12/c22-6-15-17(28)18(29)19(30)21(33-15)32-14-5-9-10(24)3-8(23)4-13(9)31-20(14)7-1-11(25)16(27)12(26)2-7/h1-5,15,17-19,21-22,28-30H,6H2,(H4-,23,24,25,26,27)/p+1/t15-,17-,18+,19-,21-/m1/s1 NKey: XENHPQQLDPAYIJ-PEVLUNPASA-O N
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C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C=C3C(=CC(=CC3=[O+]2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O.[Cl-]
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Properties |
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C21H21ClO12 C21H21O12+, Cl− |
Molar mass |
500.83 g/mol (chloride) 465.38 g/mol |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). |
N verify (what is YN ?) |
Infobox references |
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Myrtillin is an anthocyanin. It is the 3-glucoside of delphinidin. It can be found in all green plants, most abundantly in blackcurrant, blueberry, huckleberry, bilberry leaves[1] and in various myrtles, roselle plants, and Centella asiatica plant. It is also present in yeast and oatmeal. The sumac fruits pericarp owes its dark red colour to anthocyanin pigments, of which chrysanthemin, myrtillin and delphinidin have yet been identified.[2]
The various colors, such as red, mauve, purple, violet, and blue in Hydrangea macrophylla are developed from myrtillin complexes with metal ions called metalloanthocyanins.[3]
The enzyme anthocyanin 3-O-glucoside 6''-O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase produces delphinidin 3-(6-p-coumaroyl)glucoside from myrtillin and p-coumaroyl-CoA in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway.[4]
References
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3-hydroxyanthocyanidins | |
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3-deoxyanthocyanidins | |
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O-methylated anthocyanidins | |
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Anthocyanins (anthocyaninidin glycosides) | Glucosides:
Diglucosides:
- Cyanin (Cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside)
- Delphin (Delphinidin-3,5-O-diglucoside)
- Malvin (Malvidin 3,5-diglucoside)
- Pelargonin (Pelargonidin-3,5-O-diglucoside)
- Peonin (Peonidin 3,5-O-diglucoside)
- Petunin (Petunidin 3,5-O-diglucoside)
Others glycosides:
- Antirrhinin (Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside)
- Ideain (Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside)
- Delphinidin 3-O-rhamnoside
- Petunidin 3-O-arabinoside
- Petunidin 3-O-galactoside
- Petunidin 3-O-rhamnoside
- Petunidin-3-O-rutinoside
- Primulin (Malvidin-3-O-galactoside)
- Pulchellidin 3-rhamnoside
- Tulipanin (Delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside)
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Acylated anthocyanins | |
- Cyanidin-3-O-(6-acetyl)-glucoside
- Delphinidin-3-O-(6-acetyl)-glucoside
- Malvidin-3-O-(6-acetyl)-glucoside
- Petunidin-3-O-(6-acetyl)-galactoside
- Petunidin-3-O-(6-acetyl)-glucoside
- Peonidin-3-O-(6-acetyl)-glucoside
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Coumaroylated anthocyanins (cis- and trans-) | |
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Caffeoylated anthocyanins |
- Malvidin-3-O-(6-p-caffeoyl)glucoside
- Peonidin-3-O-(6-p-caffeoyl)glucoside
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Malonylated anthocyanins |
- Malonylmalvin (malvidin 3-(6″-malonylglucoside)-5-glucoside)
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Acylated anthocyanin diglycosides |
- Cyanidin-3-O-(di-p-coumarylglucoside)-5-glucoside
- Gentiodelphin (delphinidin 3-O-glucosyl-5-O-(6-O-caffeoyl-glucosyl)-3′-O-(6-O-caffeoyl-glucoside))
- Nasunin (Delphinidin-3-(p-coumaroylrutinoside)-5-glucoside)
- Petanin (petunidin 3-[6-O-(4-O-E-p-coumaroyl-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside]-5-O-β-d-glucopyranoside)
- Violdelphin (Delphinidin 3-rutinoside-7-O-(6-O-(4-(6-O-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-beta-D-glucosyl)oxybenzoyl)-beta-D-glucoside)
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Flavanol-anthocyanin adducts |
- Malvidin glucoside-ethyl-catechin
- Catechin(4α→8)pelargonidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside
- Epicatechin(4α→8)pelargonidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside
- Afzelechin(4α→8)pelargonidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside
- Epiafzelechin(4α→8)pelargonidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside
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Misc. | |
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