Ctenopterella
| Ctenopterella | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Pteridophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida/Pteridopsida (disputed) |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| (unranked): | Eupolypods I |
| Family: | Polypodiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Grammitidoideae |
| Genus: | Ctenopterella Parris |
| Type species | |
| Ctenopterella blechnoides (Grev.) Parris | |
Ctenopterella is a genus of grammitid ferns known from Africa through southeast Asia and Oceania to Polynesia.
Description
The rhizomes are dorsiventral (having upper and lower surfaces clearly distinct in appearance), and bear two rows of stipes, which sometimes have distinct joints where they attach. Distinct phyllopodia are present in some below the joint. The rhizome scales are brown, glabrous, and dull to glossy.[1]
Hairs, where present, are unbranched and branched, from whitish to brown in color. The leaf blades range from pinnatifid to pinnate-pinnatifid in cutting, bearing free veins which usually end in hydathodes on the upper surface of the leaf. Sori are borne beneath pinnae or lobes, sometimes slightly sunken into the leaf tissue, usually in two rows but rarely in one. The sori are circular to elliptic in shape; the sporangia lack hairs.[1]
Taxonomy
The genus was first described by Barbara Parris in 2007 to receive some of the species of the polyphyletic genus Ctenopteris; Ctenopterella is a diminutive form of that name. She initially placed twelve species in the genus.[1] In 2013, she described a new species, Ctenopterella gabonensis, from the Monts Doudou in Gabon,[2] and transferred a Vietnamese species, Ctenopterella nhatrangensis, into the genus.[3] In 2015, she transferred three more species from Ctenopteris, including one she had formerly placed in synonymy, in preparation for a monograph on the genus.[4]
The only phylogenetic study so far to include Ctenopterella sampled C. denticulata only. It found that Ctenopterella, Acrosorus friderici-et-pauli (the type of its genus), and Grammitis stenophylla form a clade sister to the combined clade of Oreogrammitis, Prosaptia, Radiogrammitis, and Themelium. None of the three taxa in the first clade are particularly close morphologically.[5]
The current list of species in the genus is as follows:
- Ctenopterella blechnoides (Grev.) Parris
- Ctenopterella cornigera (Baker) Parris
- Ctenopterella denticulata (Blume) Parris
- Ctenopterella gabonensis Parris
- Ctenopterella gordonii (S.B.Andrews) Parris
- Ctenopterella khaoluangensis (Tagawa & K.Iwats.) Parris
- Ctenopterella lasiostipes (Mett.) Parris
- Ctenopterella lepida (Brause) Parris
- Ctenopterella macrorhyncha (Baker) Parris
- Ctenopterella nhatrangensis (C.Chr. & Tardieu) Parris
- Ctenopterella parvula (Bory ex Willd.) Parris
- Ctenopterella pediculata (Baker) Parris
- Ctenopterella seemannii (J.Sm.) Parris
- Ctenopterella thwaitesii (Bedd.) Parris
- Ctenopterella undosa (Baker) Parris
- Ctenopterella vodonaivalui (Brownlie) Parris
- Ctenopterella zenkeri (Hieron.) Parris
References
- 1 2 3 Parris, Barbara S. (2007). "Five new genera and three new species of Grammitidaceae (Filicales) and the re-establishment of Oreogrammitis" (PDF). Gardens' Bulletin Singapore. 58 (2): 233–274.
- ↑ Parris, Barbara S. (2013). "Ctenopterella gabonensis, a new species of grammitid fern (Polypodiaceae) from Gabon, Africa" (PDF). Fern Gazette. 19 (3): 89–93.
- ↑ Parris, Barbara S. (2013). "New combinations and lectotypifications for some Southeast Asian, Malesian and Pacific grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae)". Fern Gazette. 19 (6): 207–211.
- ↑ Parris, Barbara S. (2015). "Three new combinations in Ctenopterella (Polypodiaceae)" (PDF). Fern Gazette. 20 (2): 207–211.
- ↑ Sundue, Michael A.; Parris, Barbara S.; Ranker, Tom A.; Smith, Alan R.; Fujimoto, Erin L.; Zamora-Crosby, Delia; Morden, Clifford W.; Chiou, Wen-Liang; Chen, Cheng-Wei; Rouhan, Germinal; Hirai, Regina Y.; Prado, Jefferson (2014). "Global phylogeny and biogeography of grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae)" (PDF). Molecular Genetics and Evolution. 81: 195–206.