Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany

Cosimo II
Cosimo II after Justus Sustermans
Grand Duke of Tuscany
Reign	17 February 1609 – 28 February 1621
Predecessor	Ferdinando I
Successor	Ferdinando II
Born	12 May 1590 Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Tuscany
Died	February 28, 1621(1621-02-28) (aged 30) Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Tuscany
Consort	Maria Maddalena of Austria
Issue Detail	Ferdinando II, Grand Duke of Tuscany Cardinal Gian Carlo Margherita, Duchess of Parma Mattias, Governor of Siena Francesco Anna, Archduchess of Austria Cardinal Leopoldo
Full name Cosimo de' Medici
House	House of Medici
Father	Ferdinando I
Mother	Christina of Lorraine
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Cosimo II de' Medici (12 May 1590 – 28 February 1621) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1609 until 1621. He was the elder son of the then incumbent Grand Duke and Christina of Lorraine. He married Maria Magdalena of Austria, and had eight children.

For the majority of his eleven-year reign, he delegated the administration of Tuscany to his ministers. He is best remembered as the patron of Galileo Galilei, his childhood tutor. He died of tuberculosis in 1621.^[1]

Biography

Cristofano Allori: Cosimo II

Cosimo de' Medici was the elder son of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Christina of Lorraine. His father requisitioned a modern education for him: Galileo Galilei was Cosimo's tutor between 1605 and 1608. Ferdinando arranged for him to marry Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria, daughter of Archduke Charles II, in 1608. Together they had eight children, among whom was Cosimo's eventual successor, an Archduchess of Inner Austria, a Duchess of Parma and two cardinals.

Ferdinando I died in 1609. Due to his precarious health, Cosimo did not actively participate in governing his realm. Just over a year after Cosimo's accession, Galileo dedicated his Sidereus Nuncius, an account of his telescopic discoveries, to the Grand Duke.^[2] Additionally, Galileo christened the moons of Jupiter the "Medicean stars". Galileo's advocacy of Copernicanism later led to his trial by the Roman Inquisition, and he was held under house arrest in Tuscany from 1633 until his death in 1642.

The Grand Duke assiduously enlarged the navy. He died on 28 February 1621 from tuberculosis. He was succeeded by his elder son, Ferdinando. The child-Grand Duke's regency was bestowed upon Cosimo II's wife and mother, as per his wishes.

Issue

1. Maria Cristina de' Medici (24 August 1609 – 9 August 1632) died unmarried, deformed or mentally retarded ^[3]
2. Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (14 July 1610 – 23 May 1670) who married Vittoria della Rovere and had issue.
3. Gian Carlo de' Medici (24 July 1611 – 23 January 1663) died unmarried.
4. Margherita de' Medici (31 May 1612 – 6 February 1679) married Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma and had issue.
5. Mattias de' Medici (9 May 1613 – 14 October 1667) died unmarried.
6. Francesco de' Medici (16 October 1614 – 25 July 1634) died unmarried.
7. Anna de' Medici (21 July 1616 – 11 September 1676) married Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Austria (1628–1662) and had issue.
8. Leopoldo de' Medici (6 November 1617 – 10 November 1675) died unmarried.

Ancestors

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Styles of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Reference style	His Highness
Spoken style	Your Highness
Alternative style	Sir

Titles and styles

• 12 May 1590 - 17 February 1609 His Highness The Grand Prince of Tuscany
• 17 February 1609 - 28 February 1621 His Highness The Grand Duke of Tuscany

Citations

Bibliography

• Strathern, Paul The Medici: Godfathers of the Renaissance, Vintage books, London, 2003, ISBN 978-0-09-952297-3
• Hale, J.R. Florence and the Medici, Orion books, London, 1977, ISBN 1-84212-456-0

Further reading

• Liedtke, Walter A. (1984). Flemish paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 0870993569.  (see index, v.1, for information on Cosimo as a patron of the arts)

See also

• Ferdinando I de' Medici
• Italian colonization of Americas

External links

Media related to Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany at Wikimedia Commons

House of Medici
People	Lords of Florence Cosimo il Vecchio Piero "The Gouty" Lorenzo il Magnifico Giuliano Piero il Fatuo Giovanni (Leo X) Giuliano Lorenzo II Giulio (Clement VII) Ippolito Alessandro "The Moor" Dukes of Florence Alessandro "The Moor" Cosimo I Grand Dukes of Tuscany Cosimo I Francesco I Ferdinando I Cosimo II Ferdinando II Cosimo III Gian Gastone Queens Caterina Maria Popes Leo X Clement VII Leo XI Cardinals male line: Giovanni (Leo X) Giulio (Clement VII) Ippolito Alessandro (Leo XI) Giovanni Ferdinando I Carlo Giovan Carlo Leopoldo Francesco Maria Francesco female line: Luigi de' Rossi Giovanni Salviati Innocenzo Cybo Bernardo Salviati Niccolò Ridolfi Lorenzo Strozzi Ferrante Gonzaga Vincenzo II Gonzaga Bishops and archbishops Filippo Bernardo Antonio Giuliano Zanobi Condottieri Giovanni dalle Bande Nere Don Giovanni Mattias Genealogy Genealogical tables of the House of Medici	Festina Lente
Buildings	Villas Cafaggiolo Trebbio Careggi Fiesole La Quiete Collesalvetti Poggio a Caiano Castello Mezzomonte Agnano Spedaletto La Petraia Camugliano Stabbia La Topaia Cerreto Guidi Marignolle Arena Metato Poggio Imperiale Lapeggi L'Ambrogiana La Màgia Liliano Coltano Montevettolini Artimino Buti Seravezza Palaces Palazzo Medici Riccardi Palazzo Pitti Villa Medici Palazzo Medici Tornaquinci Livorno Pisa Materdei Palazzo Medici di Ottaviano Fountain Fountains and gardens Medici fountain Villa di Pratolino Fortresses Arezzo Grosseto Piombino Pistoia San Piero a Sieve Siena Volterra Chapels Cappelle medicee The Chapel of Medici di Gragnano
Patronage	Painters, sculptors and architects Bartolomeo Ammannati Sandro Botticelli Filippo Brunelleschi Michelangelo Bernardo Buontalenti Leonardo da Vinci Donatello Michelozzo Antonio del Pollaiolo Jacopo della Quercia Giorgio Vasari Poets and other literary figures Agnolo Poliziano Niccolò Machiavelli Humanists and philosophers Pico della Mirandola Marsilio Ficino Scientists Galileo Galilei Musicians Emilio de' Cavalieri Jacopo Peri
Heraldry	Medici coat of arms Crown of the Grand Duke of Tuscany Order of Saint Stephen
Institutions	Medici Bank
Art	Medici lions Medici porcelain Medici Vase Venus de' Medici Arazzeria Medicea
Related	Medici giraffe Galilean moons Stories set to music: "opera" Albizzi Pazzi conspiracy Savonarola