List of parties to international copyright agreements
Below is a list of countries which have signed and ratified one or more multilateral international copyright treaties. This list covers only multilateral treaties (i.e., treaties by more than two countries). It does not include bilateral treaties (treaties between only two countries). Related rights provide intellectual property rights for performers, producers of sound recordings (phonograms) and broadcasting organisations. In some countries these rights are known simply as copyright, while other countries distinguish them from authors' rights: in either case, the international laws which are concerned with them are distinct from those concerned with literary and artistic works under the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and other treaties.
Treaties
Short name | Long name | Place/act | Date | Date (into force) |
Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Berne | Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works | Berne | 1886-09-09 | 1887-12-05[1] | |
UCC Geneva | Universal Copyright Convention | Geneva Act | 1952-09-06 | 1955-09-16[2] | |
UCC Paris | Universal Copyright Convention | Paris Act | 1971-07-24 | 1974-07-10[3] | |
TRIPS | Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights | Marrakech | 1994-04-15 | 1995-01-01[4] | Membership in TRIPS coincides with membership in the World Trade Organization except for least developed countries, which were granted a grace period; observer governments of the World Trade Organization are marked observer in the table below. |
WCT | WIPO Copyright Treaty | Geneva | 1996-12-20 | 2002-03-06[5][6][7] |
In addition to these treaties, the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) is a multilateral treaty governing multiple aspects of intellectual property, including copyright. As of February 2012, ACTA has been signed by 31 countries, but only ratified by Japan.[8] If ACTA is ratified by six or more signatories, it will enter into force thirty days later.[9]
Table of parties
The list below was taken from details supplied by WIPO, UNESCO and the WTO (see references): they are correct as of 2005-12-11 (2000-01-01 for the Universal Copyright Convention), and include some accessions after that date. Dates quoted are the date on which the treaty came into effect for a given country.
Country | Berne | UCC Geneva | UCC Paris | TRIPS | WCT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | Observer | ||||
Albania | 1994-03-06 | 2000-09-08 | 2005-08-06 | ||
Algeria | 1998-04-19 | 1973-08-28 | 1974-07-10 | Observer | 2014-01-31[10] |
Andorra | 2004-06-02 | 1955-09-16 | Observer | ||
Angola | 1996-11-23 | ||||
Antigua and Barbuda | 2000-03-17 | 1995-01-01 | |||
Argentina | 1967-06-10 | 1958-12-13 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 | |
Armenia | 2000-10-19 | 2003-02-05 | 2005-03-06 | ||
Australia | 1928-04-14 | 1969-05-01 | 1978-02-29 | 1995-01-01 | 2007-07-26 |
Austria | 1920-10-01 | 1957-07-02 | 1982-08-14 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
Azerbaijan | 1999-06-04 | Observer | 2006-04-11 | ||
Bahamas | 1973-07-10 | 1976-10-13 | 1976-12-27 | Observer | |
Bahrain | 1997-03-02 | 1995-01-01 | 2005-12-15 | ||
Bangladesh | 1999-05-04 | 1975-08-05 | 1975-08-05 | 1995-01-01 | |
Barbados | 1983-07-30 | 1983-06-18 | 1983-06-18 | 1995-01-01 | |
Belarus | 1997-12-12 | Observer | 2002-03-06 | ||
Belgium | 1887-12-05 | 1960-08-31 | 1995-01-01 | 2006-08-30 | |
Belize | 2000-06-17 | 1983-03-01 | 1995-01-01 | ||
Benin | 1961-01-03 | 1996-02-22 | 2006-04-16 | ||
Bhutan | 2004-11-25 | Observer | |||
Bolivia | 1993-11-04 | 1990-03-22 | 1990-03-22 | 1995-09-12 | Signed |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1930-06-17 (as Yugoslavia) | 1966-05-11 (as Yugoslavia) | 1974-07-10 (as Yugoslavia) | Observer | 2009-11-25[11] |
Botswana | 1998-04-15 | 1995-05-31 | 2005-01-27 | ||
Brazil | 1922-02-09 | 1960-01-13 | 1975-12-11 | 1995-01-01 | |
Brunei | 2006-08-30 | 1995-01-01 | 2017-5-2[12] | ||
Bulgaria | 1921-12-05 | 1975-06-07 | 1975-06-07 | 1996-12-01 | 2002-03-06 |
Burkina Faso | 1963-08-19 | 1995-06-03 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Burundi | 2016-04-12[13] | 1995-07-23 | 2016-4-12[14] | ||
Cambodia | 1955-09-16 | 2004-10-13 | |||
Cameroon | 1964-09-21 | 1973-05-01 | 1974-07-10 | 1995-12-13 | |
Canada | 1928-04-10 | 1962-08-10 | 1995-01-01 | 2014-08-13[15] | |
Cape Verde | 1997-07-07 | 2008-07-23 | |||
Central African Republic | 1977-09-03 | 1995-05-31 | |||
Chad | 1971-11-25 | 1996-10-19 | |||
Chile | 1970-06-05 | 1955-09-16 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 | |
China, People's Republic of | 1992-10-15 | 1992-10-30 | 1992-10-30 | 2001-12-11 | 2007-06-09 (Hong Kong and Macau at later dates) |
Colombia | 1988-03-07 | 1976-06-18 | 1976-06-18 | 1995-04-30 | 2002-03-06 |
Comoros | 2005-04-17 | Observer | |||
Congo, Democratic Republic | 1963-10-08 | 1997-01-01 | |||
Congo, Republic | 1962-05-08 | 1997-03-27 | |||
Cook Islands | 2017-08-03[16] | ||||
Costa Rica | 1978-06-10 | 1955-09-16 | 1980-03-07 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 |
Côte d'Ivoire | 1962-01-01 | 1995-01-01 | |||
Croatia | 1930-06-17 (as Yugoslavia) | 1966-05-11 (as Yugoslavia) | 1974-07-10 (as Yugoslavia) | 2000-11-30 | 2002-03-06 |
Cuba | 1997-02-20 | 1957-06-18 | 1995-04-20 | ||
Cyprus | 1964-02-24 | 1990-12-19 | 1990-12-19 | 1995-07-30 | 2003-11-04 |
Czech Republic | 1993-01-01 | 1960-01-06 (as Czechoslovakia) | 1980-04-17 (as Czechoslovakia) | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 |
Denmark | 1903-07-01 | 1962-02-09 | 1979-07-11 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
Djibouti | 2002-05-13 | 1995-05-31 | |||
Dominica | 1999-08-07 | 1995-01-01 | |||
Dominican Republic | 1997-12-24 | 1983-05-08 | 1982-05-08 | 1995-03-09 | 2006-01-10 |
East Timor | |||||
Ecuador | 1991-10-09 | 1957-05-03 | 1991-09-06 | 1996-01-21 | 2002-03-06 |
Egypt | 1977-06-07 | 1995-06-30 | |||
El Salvador | 1994-02-19 | 1979-03-29 | 1979-03-29 | 1995-05-07 | 2002-03-06 |
Equatorial Guinea | 1997-06-26 | Observer | |||
Eritrea | |||||
Estonia | 1994-10-26 | 1999-11-13 | 2010-03-14 | ||
Ethiopia | Observer | ||||
European Union | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 | |||
Fiji | 1971-12-01 | 1972-03-13 | 1996-01-14 | ||
Finland | 1928-04-01 | 1963-04-16 | 1986-11-01 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
France | 1887-12-05 | 1956-01-14 | 1972-12-11 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
Gabon | 1962-03-26 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Gambia | 1993-03-07 | 1996-10-23 | |||
Georgia | 1995-05-16 | 2000-06-14 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Germany | 1887-12-05 | 1955-09-16 | 1974-01-18 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
Ghana | 1991-10-11 | 1962-08-22 | 1995-01-01 | 2006-11-18 | |
Greece | 1920-11-09 | 1963-08-24 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 | |
Grenada | 1998-09-22 | 1996-02-22 | |||
Guatemala | 1997-07-28 | 1964-10-28 | 1995-07-21 | 2003-02-04 | |
Guinea | 1980-11-20 | 1981-11-13 | 1981-11-13 | 1995-10-25 | 2002-05-25 |
Guinea-Bissau | 1991-07-22 | 1995-05-31 | |||
Guyana | 1994-10-25 | Unknown | Unknown | 1995-01-01 | |
Haiti | 1996-01-11 | 1955-09-16 | 1996-01-30 | ||
Honduras | 1990-01-25 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-05-20 | ||
Hong Kong | 1997-07-01 | 1997-09-30 | 1997-09-30 | 1995-01-01 | 2008-10-01[17] |
Hungary | 1922-02-14 | 1971-01-23 | 1974-07-10 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 |
Iceland | 1947-09-07 | 1956-12-18 | 1995-01-01 | ||
India | 1928-04-01 | 1958-01-21 | 1988-04-07 | 1995-01-01 | |
Indonesia | 1997-09-05 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Iran | Observer | ||||
Iraq | Observer | ||||
Ireland | 1927-10-05 | 1959-01-20 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 | |
Israel | 1950-03-24 | 1955-09-16 | 1995-04-21 | Signed | |
Italy | 1887-12-05 | 1957-01-24 | 1980-01-25 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
Jamaica | 1994-01-01 | 1995-05-09 | 2002-06-12 | ||
Japan | 1899-07-15 | 1955-09-16 | 1977-10-21 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 |
Jersey | 2014-01-31[18] | ||||
Jordan | 1999-07-28 | 2000-04-11 | 2004-04-27 | ||
Kazakhstan | 1999-04-12 | 1973-05-27 | Observer | 2004-11-12 | |
Kenya | 1993-06-11 | 1966-09-07 | 1974-07-10 | 1995-01-01 | Signed |
Kiribati | |||||
Korea, Democratic People's Republic | 2003-04-28 | ||||
Korea, Republic | 1996-08-21 | 1987-10-01 | 1987-10-01 | 1995-01-01 | 2004-06-24 |
Kuwait | 2014-12-02[19] | 1995-01-01 | |||
Kyrgyzstan | 1999-07-08 | 1998-12-20 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Laos | 2012-03-14 | 1955-09-16 | 2013-02-02 | ||
Latvia | 1995-08-11 | 1999-02-10 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Lebanon | 1947-09-30 | 1959-10-17 | Observer | ||
Lesotho | 1989-09-28 | 1995-05-31 | |||
Liberia | 1989-03-08 | 1956-07-27 | |||
Libya | 1976-09-28 | Observer | |||
Liechtenstein | 1931-07-30 | 1959-01-22 | 1999-11-11 | 1995-09-01 | 2007-04-30 |
Lithuania | 1994-12-14 | 2001-05-31 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Luxembourg | 1888-06-20 | 1955-10-15 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 | |
Macau | 1999-12-20 | 1995-01-01 | 2013-11-06[20] | ||
Macedonia | 1930-06-17 (as Yugoslavia) | 1966-05-11 (as Yugoslavia) | 1974-07-10 (as Yugoslavia) | 2003-04-04 | 2004-02-04 |
Madagascar | 1966-01-01 | 1995-11-17 | 2015-2-24[21] | ||
Malawi | 1991-10-12 | 1965-10-26 | 1995-05-31 | ||
Malaysia | 1990-10-01 | 1995-01-01 | 2012-12-27[22] | ||
Maldives | 1995-05-31 | ||||
Mali | 1962-03-19 | 1995-05-31 | 2002-04-24 | ||
Malta | 1964-09-21 | 1968-11-19 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 | |
Marshall Islands | |||||
Mauritania | 1973-02-06 | 1995-05-31 | |||
Mauritius | 1989-05-10 | 1970-11-20 | 1995-01-01 | ||
Mexico | 1967-06-11 | 1957-05-12 | 1975-10-31 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 |
Federated States of Micronesia | 2003-10-07 | ||||
Moldova | 1995-11-02 | 2001-07-26 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Monaco | 1989-05-30 | 1955-09-16 | 1974-12-13 | Signed | |
Mongolia | 1998-03-12 | 1997-01-29 | 2002-10-25 | ||
Montenegro | 2006-06-03 | 1966-05-11 (as Yugoslavia) | 1974-07-10 (as Yugoslavia) | 2012-04-29 | 2003-06-13 (as Serbia and Montenegro) |
Morocco | 1917-06-16 | 1972-05-08 | 1976-01-28 | 1995-01-01 | 2011-07-20 |
Mozambique | 2013-11-22[23] | 1995-08-26 | |||
Myanmar | 1995-01-01 | ||||
Namibia | 1990-03-21 | 1995-01-01 | Signed | ||
Nauru | |||||
Nepal | 2006-01-11 | 2004-04-23 | |||
Netherlands | 1912-11-01 | 1967-06-22 | 1985-11-30 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
New Zealand | 1928-04-24 | 1964-09-11 | 1995-01-01 | ||
Nicaragua | 2000-08-23 | 1961-08-16 | 1995-09-03 | 2003-03-06 | |
Niger | 1962-05-02 | 1989-05-15 | 1989-05-15 | 1996-12-13 | |
Niue | 2016-09-24[24] | 2015-01-08[25] | |||
Nigeria | 1993-09-14 | 1962-02-14 | 1995-01-01 | Signed | |
Norway | 1896-04-13 | 1963-01-23 | 1974-08-07 | 1995-01-01 | |
Oman | 1999-07-14 | 2000-11-09 | 2005-09-20 | ||
Pakistan | 1948-07-05 | 1955-09-16 | 1995-01-01 | ||
Palau | |||||
Panama | 1996-06-08 | 1962-10-17 | 1980-09-03 | 1997-09-06 | 2002-03-06 |
Papua New Guinea | 1996-06-09 | ||||
Paraguay | 1992-01-02 | 1962-03-11 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 | |
Peru | 1988-08-20 | 1963-10-16 | 1985-07-22 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 |
Philippines | 1951-08-01 | 1955-11-19 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-10-04 | |
Poland | 1920-01-28 | 1977-03-09 | 1977-03-09 | 1995-07-01 | 2004-03-23 |
Portugal | 1911-03-29 | 1956-12-25 | 1981-07-30 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
Qatar | 2000-07-05 | 1996-01-13 | 2005-10-28 | ||
Romania | 1927-01-01 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Russia | 1995-03-13 | 1973-05-27 (as the Soviet Union) | 1994-12-09 | 2012-08-22 | 2009-02-05 |
Rwanda | 1984-03-01 | 1989-11-10 | 1989-11-10 | 1996-05-22 | |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1995-04-09 | 1996-02-21 | |||
Saint Lucia | 1993-08-24 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 | ||
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1995-08-29 | 1985-04-22 | 1985-04-22 | 1995-01-01 | |
Samoa | 2006-07-21 | 2012-05-10 | |||
San Marino | |||||
São Tomé and Príncipe | 2016-06-14[26] | Observer | |||
Saudi Arabia | 2004-03-11 | 1994-07-13 | 1994-07-13 | 2005-12-11 | |
Senegal | 1962-08-25 | 1974-07-09 | 1974-07-09 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-05-18 |
Serbia | 1930-06-17 (as Yugoslavia) | 1966-05-11 (as Yugoslavia) | 1974-07-10 (as Yugoslavia) | Observer | 2003-06-13 (as Serbia and Montenegro) |
Seychelles | 2015-04-26 | ||||
Sierra Leone | 1995-07-23 | ||||
Singapore | 1998-12-21 | 1995-01-01 | 2005-04-17 | ||
Slovakia | 1993-01-01 | 1960-01-06 (as Czechoslovakia) | 1980-04-17 (as Czechoslovakia) | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 |
Slovenia | 1930-06-17 (as Yugoslavia) | 1966-05-11 (as Yugoslavia) | 1974-07-10 (as Yugoslavia) | 1995-07-30 | 2002-03-06 |
Solomon Islands | 1996-07-26 | ||||
Somalia | |||||
South Africa | 1928-10-03 | 1995-01-01 | Signed | ||
Spain | 1887-12-05 | 1955-01-27 | 1974-07-10 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
Sri Lanka | 1959-07-20 | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | 1995-01-01 | |
Sudan | 2000-12-28 | Observer | |||
Suriname | 1977-02-23 | 1995-01-01 | |||
Swaziland | 1998-12-14 | 1995-01-01 | |||
Sweden | 1904-08-01 | 1961-07-01 | 1974-07-10 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
Switzerland | 1887-12-05 | 1956-03-30 | 1993-09-21 | 1995-07-01 | 2008-07-01 |
Syria | 2004-06-11 | ||||
Taiwan | 2002-01-01 (as "Chinese Taipei") | ||||
Tajikistan | 2000-03-09 | 2013-03-02 | 2009-04-05 | ||
Tanzania | 1994-07-25 | 1995-01-01 | |||
Thailand | 1931-07-17 | 1995-01-01 | |||
Togo | 1975-04-30 | 1995-05-31 | 2003-05-21 | ||
Tonga | 2001-06-14 | 2007-07-27 | |||
Trinidad and Tobago | 1988-08-16 | 1988-08-19 | 1988-08-19 | 1995-03-01 | 2008-11-28 |
Tunisia | 1887-12-05 | 1969-06-19 | 1975-06-10 | 1995-03-29 | |
Turkey | 1952-01-01 | 1995-03-26 | 2008-11-28 | ||
Turkmenistan | 2016-05-29[27][28] | ||||
Tuvalu | 2017-6-2[29] | 2014-06-04[30] | |||
Uganda | 1995-01-01 | ||||
Ukraine | 1995-10-25 | 2008-05-16 | 2002-03-06 | ||
United Arab Emirates | 2004-07-14 | 1996-04-10 | 2004-07-14 | ||
United Kingdom | 1887-12-05 | 1957-09-27 | 1974-07-10 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-03-14 |
United States | 1989-03-01 | 1955-09-16 | 1974-07-10 | 1995-01-01 | 2002-03-06 |
Uruguay | 1967-07-10 | 1993-04-12 | 1993-04-12 | 1995-01-01 | 2009-06-05 |
Uzbekistan | 2005-04-19 | Observer | |||
Vanuatu | 2012-12-27[31] | 2012-08-24 | |||
Holy See (Vatican City) | 1935-09-12 | 1955-10-05 | 1980-05-06 | Observer | |
Venezuela | 1982-12-30 | 1966-09-30 | 1996-04-11 | 1995-01-01 | Signed |
Vietnam | 2004-10-26 | 2007-01-11 | |||
Yemen | 2008-07-14 | 2014-06-26 | |||
Zambia | 1992-01-02 | 1965-06-01 | 1995-01-01 | ||
Zimbabwe | 1980-04-18 | 1995-03-05 | |||
See also
- List of parties to international related rights treaties
- List of parties to international patent treaties
References
- ↑ Parties to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works; document dated 2008-01-15, retrieved 2008-02-15.
- ↑ Parties to the Geneva Act of the Universal Copyright Convention as of 2000-01-01: the dates given in the document are dates of ratification, not dates of coming into force. The Geneva Act came into force on 1955-09-16 for the first twelve to have ratified (which included four non-members of the Berne Union as required by Art. 9.1), or three months after ratification for other countries.
- ↑ Parties to the Paris Act of the Universal Copyright Convention as of 2000-01-01: the dates given in the document are dates of ratification, not dates of coming into force. The Paris Act came into force on 1974-07-10 for countries having ratified before that date, or three months after ratification for other countries.
- ↑ Members of the World Trade Organization: document dated 2015-04-26, retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ Summary of the WIPO Copyright Treaty, retrieved 2009-12-15.
- ↑ Members of the WIPO Copyright Treaty, retrieved 2009-12-15.
- ↑ "WIPO Contracting Parties". WIPO. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "Conclusion of the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) by Japan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. 2012-10-05. Retrieved 2012-10-06.
- ↑ Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement, Article 40(1). Accessed 2012-03-15.
- ↑ "Accession by the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria". World Intellectual Property Organization. 31 October 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
- ↑ "WCT Notification No. 75, WIPO Copyright Treaty, Accession by Bosnia and Herzegovina". WIPO. 2009-08-25. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "TREATY/WCT/84: [WCT] Accession by Brunei Darussalam". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
- ↑ "TREATY/BERNE/272: [Berne Convention] Accession by the Republic of Burundi". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
- ↑ "TREATY/WCT/83: [WCT] Accession by the Republic of Burundi". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
- ↑ "WCT Notification No. 81 WIPO Copyright Treaty Ratification by Canada". Retrieved 23 May 2014.
- ↑ "TREATY/BERNE/277: [Berne Convention] Accession by the Cook Islands". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2017-05-18.
- ↑ "WCT Notification No. 71, WIPO Copyright Treaty, Declaration by the People's Republic of China". WIPO. 2008-09-23. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/notifications/berne/treaty_berne_260.html
- ↑ "Berne Notification No. 268: Accession by the State of Kuwait". TREATY/BERNE/268: [Berne Convention] Accession by the State of Kuwait. World International Property Organization. 2014-09-02. Retrieved 2014-09-09.
- ↑ "WCT Notification No. 79, WIPO Copyright Treaty, Declaration by the People's Republic of China". WIPO. 2013-08-06. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "WCT Notification No. 82: Accession by the Republic of Madagascar". TREATY/WCT/82: [WCT] Accession by the Republic of Madagascar. WIPO. 2014-11-24. Retrieved 2014-12-10.
- ↑ WIPO Copyright Treaty. Accession by Malaya, retrieved 2012-10-10.
- ↑ Accession by the Republic of Mozambique, retrieved 2013-09-03.
- ↑ "TREATY/BERNE/275: [Berne Convention] Accession by Niue". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
- ↑ "WIPO Notification No. 218: Accession by Niue". TREATY/CONVENTION/218: [WIPO Convention] Accession by Niue. Word Intellectual Property Office. 2014-10-08. Retrieved 2014-10-23.
- ↑ "TREATY/BERNE/274: [Berne Convention] Accession by the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
- ↑ "Berne Notification No. 273: Accession by Turkmenistan". World Intellectual Property Organization. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
- ↑ "TDH / Политика / Документы / Хроника 12-ого Января". TDH (in Russian). Government of Turkmenistan. January 12, 2016. Retrieved January 13, 2016. ("Parliament adopted a resolution 'On accession to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works'")
- ↑ "TREATY/BERNE/276: [Berne Convention] Accession by Tuvalu". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
- ↑ WIPO. "Accession by Tuvalu". Retrieved 10 March 2014.
- ↑ Accession by the Republic of Vanuatu, retrieved 2012-10-10.