Congress of the Republic of Peru

Coordinates: 12°02′53″S 77°01′30″W / 12.04806°S 77.02500°W / -12.04806; -77.02500

Congress of the Republic of Peru Congreso de la República
Type
Type	Unicameral
Leadership
President of Congress	Luz Salgado, Popular Force Since July 26, 2016
1st Vice President of Congress	Rosa Bartra, Popular Force Since July 26, 2016
2nd Vice President of Congress	Richard Acuña, Alliance for Progress Since July 26, 2016
3rd Vice President of Congress	Luciana León Romero, APRA Since July 29, 2016
Structure
Seats	130
Political groups	Goverment (17)      PPK (17) Opposition (100)      FP (71)      FA (20)      APP (9) Suported government (13)      AP (5)      APRA (5)      Independents (3)
Salary	S/.187,200 Annually
Elections
Last election	April 10, 2016
Next election	April 10, 2021 (Scheduled)
Meeting place
Palacio Legislativo (Plaza Bolívar, Lima 01)
Website
Congress of the Republic of Peru

The Congress of the Republic of Peru (Spanish: Congreso de la República) is the unicameral body that assumes legislative power in Peru. The congress consists of 130 members (congresistas), who are elected for five-year periods in office on a proportional representation basis. To be eligible, candidates must be Peruvian citizens, have passed their 25th birthday, and not have had their right to vote suspended.

Currently, the Peruvian congress congregates at the Palacio Legislativo, which is located in the Historical Center of Lima, across the road from Plaza Simón Bolívar and a few blocks away from Casa de Pizarro.

The last congressional election was held on April 10, 2016, concurrently with the presidential election. Since July 26, 2016, the President of Congress is Luz Salgado, of the Popular Force party.

Historical

Peru
This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Peru
Constitution
Government President Vice President Prime Minister Cabinet Ministries Ministers Congress Regional government
Judiciary Supreme Court Superior Courts of Justice Courts of First Instance Courts of Peace
Autonomies National Council of the Magistrature Constitutional Tribunal Public Ministry Office of the Public Defender (Ombudsman) Comptrollership General Financial superintendence (SBS) Central Reserve Bank
Elections Electoral system Electoral Processes (ONPE) Jury of Elections (JNE) National Registry (RENIEC) Political parties APRA Nationalist UPP PPC National Renewal Cambio 90 Sí Cumple Popular Action Possible Peru National Restoration
Administrative divisions Regions Municipalities Provinces Lima Province Districts
Other countries Atlas

The first Peruvian Congress was installed in 1822 as the Constitutional Congress led by Francisco Xavier de Luna Pizarro. In 1829, the government installed a bicameral Congress, made up by a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies. This system was interrupted by a number of times by Constitutional Congresses that promulgated new Constitutions that lasted for a couple of years. The Deputies reunited in the Legislative Palace and the Senators went to the former Saint Inquisition of Lima until 1930, when Augusto B. Leguía was overthrown by Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro. He installed a Constitutional Congress (1931–1933) that promulgated the Constitution of 1933. By order of the president, the Peruvian Aprista Party members that were in Congress were arrested for there revolutionary doctrines against the government. When Sánchez Cerro was assassinated in 1933 by an APRA member, General Óscar R. Benavides took power and closed Congress until 1939, when Manuel Prado Ugarteche was elected President. During various dictatorships, the Congress was interrupted by coups d'état. In 1968, Juan Velasco Alvarado overthrew president Fernando Belaúnde by a coup d'état, closing again the Congress.

The 1979 Constitution was promulgated on July 12, 1979 by the Constitutional Assembly elected following 10 years of military rule and replaced the suspended 1933 Constitution. It became effective in 1980 with the re-election of deposed President Fernando Belaúnde. It limited the president to a single five-year term and established a bicameral legislature consisting of a 60-member Senate (upper house) and a 180-member Chamber of Deputies (lower house). Members of both chambers were elected for five-year terms, running concurrently with that of the president. Party-list proportional representation was used for both chambers: on a regional basis for the Senate, and using the D'Hondt method for the lower house. Members of both houses had to be Peruvian citizens, with a minimum age of 25 for deputies and 35 for senators. At the beginning of the 1990s, the bicameral congress had a low public approval rating. President Alberto Fujimori did not have the majority in both chambers, the opposition lead the Congress, imposing the power that Fujimori had as President. He made the decision of dissolving Congress by a self-coup to his government in 1992.

Following the self-coup, in which Congress was dissolved, the Democratic Constitutional Congress established a single chamber of 120 members. The CCD promulgated the 1993 Constitution in which gave more power to the President. The new unicameral Congress started working in 1995, dominated by Fujimori's Congressmen that had the majority. The Congress permits a one-year term for a Congressman to become President of Congress.

Composition of the Peruvian Congress

Peruvian Congress of 1995-2000

On July 27, 1995 a new unicameral Congress was created with the following distribution by political party:

• Change 90-New Majority (Alberto Fujimori): 67 seats
• Union for Peru (Javier Pérez de Cuéllar): 17 seats
• Peruvian Aprista Party (Mercedes Cabanillas): 8 seats
• Independent Moralizing Front (Fernando Olivera): 6 seats
• Democratic Convergence-Possible Country (Alejandro Toledo): 5 seats
• Popular Action (Raúl Diez Canseco): 4 seats
• Christian People's Party (Luis Bedoya Reyes): 3 seats
• National Renovation (Rafael Rey): 3 seats
• United Left (Agustín Haya de la Torre): 2 seats
• OBRAS (Ricardo Belmont Cassinelli): 2 seats
• FREPAP (Ezequiel Ataucusi Gamonal): 1 seat
• National Front of Workers and Peasants (Roger Cáceres Velásquez): 1 seat
• Agrarian Independent Movement (-): 1 seat

Peruvian Congress of 2000-2001

On July 27, 2000 the Congress of the Republic was established. This Congressional period was marked with various episodes of members of Congress switching their party affiliation. The following distribution marks seats by party at the end of the 2000-2001 term:

• Peru 2000 (Alberto Fujimori): 52 seats
• Peru Possible (Alejandro Toledo): 29 seats
• Independent Moralizing Front (Fernando Olivera): 9 seats
• Somos Perú: 8 seats
• Peruvian Aprista Party: 6 seats
• National Solidarity): 5 seats
• Avancemos (Federico Salas): 3 seats
• Popular Action (Víctor Andrés García Belaúnde): 3 seats
• Union for Peru (Máximo San Román: 3 seats
• FREPAP: 1 seat

Peruvian Congress of 2001-2006

On July 21, 2001 a new Congress of the Peruvian Republic was established the following is a distribution of Congress members by political party affiliation:

• Peru Possible (Alejandro Toledo): 35 seats
• Peruvian Aprista Party (Alan García): 28 seats
• National Unity (Lourdes Flores): 12 seats
• Independent Moralizing Front (Fernando Olivera): 7 seats
• Somos Perú(Alberto Andrade): 6 seats
• Other parties: 27 seats

Peruvian Congress of 2006-2011

A new Peruvian Congress of the Republic was established in July 2006 with the following distribution:

• Union for Peru (Ollanta Humala): 45 seats.
• Peruvian Aprista Party (Alan García): 36 seats.
• National Unity (Lourdes Flores): 17 seats.
• Alliance for the Future (Martha Chávez): 13 seats.
• Center Front (Valentín Paniagua): 5 seats.
• Possible Peru (Alejandro Toledo): 2 seats.
• National Restoration (Humberto Lay): 2 seats.

Peruvian Congress of 2011-2016

• Peru Wins (Ollanta Humala): 47 seats.
• Force 2011 (Keiko Fujimori): 37 seats.
• Possible Peru (Alejandro Toledo): 21 seats.
• Alliance for the Great Change (Pedro Pablo Kuczynski): 12 seats.
• Alliance National Solidarity (Luis Castañeda): 9 seats.
• Peruvian Aprista Party (Alan Garcia Perez): 4 seats.

Peruvian Congress of 2016-2021

• Popular Force (Keiko Fujimori): 73 seats.
• Broad Front (Verónika Mendoza): 20 seats.
• Peruvians for Change (Pedro Pablo Kuczynski): 18 seats.
• Alliance for Progress (César Acuña): 9 seats.
• Popular Action (Alfredo Barnechea): 5 seats.
• Peruvian Aprista Party (Alan García Pérez): 5 seats.

• 
  Facade of the Palacio Legislativo.
• 
  Details of the front of the Congress.

Committees

List of Presidents of the Congress of the Republic

List of Presidents of the Senate (1980-1992)

• ¹ Ramiro Prialé died on February 25 of 1988.
• ² Jorge Lozada assumed the Presidency of the Senate after the death of Ramiro Prialé, because he was the Vice-President of the Chamber.
• ³ Felipe Osterling's presidency was interrupted when President Fujimori dissolved Congress in 1992.

List of Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (1980-1992)

• ¹ Fernando León de Vivero died on January 26 of 1990.
• ² Luis Alvarado assumed the Presidency of the Chamber after the death of Fernando León De Vivero, because he was the 1st Vice-President of the Chamber.
• ³ Roberto Ramírez del Villar presidency was interrupted when President Fujimori dissolved Congress in 1992.

Presidents of the Congress of the Republic (1995-Present)

• ¹ Luz Salgado temporarily assumed the position of President of Congress after a motion to censure President Hildebrandt.
• ² Valentìn Paniagua, was elected President of Congress and as such simultaneously served as President of the Transitional Government.
• ³ Carlos Ferrero Costa, was assigned to President of Congress by an agreement between different political parties.
• 4 Alejandro Aguinaga temporarily assumed the position of President of Congress after Javier Velásquez's nomination as President of the Council of Ministers.
• 5 Luis Iberico temporarily assumed the position of President of Congress after Freddy Otárola's nomination as Minister of Labor.

See also

• Politics of Peru
• List of legislatures by country

External links

• Official Peruvian Congress Site
• List of all Members of Congress

Articles Related to the Congress of the Republic of Peru

Congress of the Republic of Peru (2006–2011) Amazonas: Maslucán Salazar Ancash: Anaya Balta Calderón Mallqui Otárola Apurímac: Galindo A. León Arequipa: Eguren González Gutiérrez Mendoza Santos Ayacucho: Huancahuari E. León Urquizo Cajamarca: Cabrera Chacón E. Espinoza Florián Rebaza Callao: Giampietri Mekler Negreiros Pérez Cusco: Luízar Mayorga Sumire Supa Wilson Huancavelica: Ruiz Saldaña Huánuco: Beteta Cajahuanca Huerta Ica: Núñez Gonzales P. Serna Yamashiro Junín: Acosta Canchaya, Pando Reymundo Vílchez La Libertad: Alegría Alva Castro* Benites Escudero Robles Rodríguez Urtecho Lambayeque: Aguinaga Carpio G. Espinoza Falla Velásquez Lima: Abugattás Alcorta Andrade Bedoya Bruce Cabanillas Castro Cuculiza del Castillo K. Fujimori S. Fujimori Galarreta García Belaúnde Herrera Hildebrandt Lazo L. León Lombardi Luna Menchola Moyano Mulder Pérez del Solar Raffo Reggiardo Sasieta Silva Sousa Torres Caro Uribe Valle Riestra Vásquez Vega Waisman Zumaeta Loreto: Isla Peña Vargas Madre de Dios: Perry Moquegua: H. Guevara Zeballos Pasco: de la Cruz Ramos Piura: Carrasco M. Espinoza M. Guevara Morales Peralta Venegas Puno: Cenzano Estrada Lescano Sucari Vilca San Martín: Obregón Pastor Reátegui Tacna: Flores Ordóñez Tumbes: Cánepa Sánchez Ucayali: Macedo Nájar * President of Congress Parties/Alliances APRA UPP UN AF FC PP RN PDP Legislatures in South America Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela Aruba Curaçao Falkland Islands French Guiana National legislative bodies of the Americas North America South America Sovereign states Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago United States Uruguay Venezuela Dependencies and other territories Anguilla Aruba Bermuda British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Falkland Islands Greenland Montserrat Puerto Rico Saint Barthélemy Saint Pierre and Miquelon Sint Maarten Turks and Caicos Islands US Virgin Islands National unicameral legislatures Federal Comoros Iraq Federated States of Micronesia Nepal Saint Kitts and Nevis United Arab Emirates Venezuela Unitary Albania Andorra Angola Armenia Azerbaijan Bangladesh Benin Botswana Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad China Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Denmark Djibouti Dominica East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Eritrea Estonia Fiji Finland Gambia Georgia Ghana Greece Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Honduras Hungary Iceland Iran Israel Kiribati North Korea South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Latvia Lebanon Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malawi Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Mozambique Nauru New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Norway Panama Papua New Guinea Peru Portugal Qatar Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino São Tomé and Príncipe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Solomon Islands Sri Lanka Suriname Sweden Syria Tanzania Thailand Togo Tonga Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine Vanuatu Vatican City Vietnam Yemen Zambia Dependent and other territories Åland Islands Anguilla Aruba British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Falkland Islands Faroe Islands French Polynesia Gibraltar Greenland Guam Guernsey Hong Kong Jersey Macau Montserrat New Caledonia Pitcairn Islands Saint Barthélemy Saint Helena Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Sint Maarten Tokelau Turks and Caicos Islands U.S. Virgin Islands Wales Wallis and Futuna Non-UN states Abkhazia Cook Islands Kosovo Nagorno-Karabakh Niue Northern Cyprus Palestine Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic South Ossetia Taiwan Transnistria Historical Scotland Sicily South African Republic Related Bicameralism List of legislatures by country National bicameral legislatures National lower houses National upper houses