College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists

College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists
Abbreviation CPNP
Motto Working toward a world where every individual with a psychiatric or neurologic disorder has a care team that includes a psychiatric and neurologic pharmacist accountable for optimal medication therapy.
Predecessor Conference of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists
Formation March 24, 1998
Type Professional Association
Headquarters Lincoln, NE
Region
United States
Fields Pharmacy
Membership (2016)
2057[1]
Website https://cpnp.org/

The College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists (CPNP) is a professional organization representing pharmacists and other healthcare professionals in the specialty areas of psychiatric and neurologic pharmacy practice within the United States. It is the only such organization representing the interests of neuropsychiatric pharmacists in the United States. In an effort to help connect patients with psychiatric pharmacists, CPNP maintains "The Mental Health Pharmacy Directory," an online search engine that includes more than 850 mental health pharmacies.[2][3] As of December 2015, CPNP is a member of the Coalition on Psychiatric Emergencies (COPE) and is the only professional pharmacy organization represented on the coalition.[4][5] In January 2017, CPNP was elected to membership status on the Joint Commission of Pharmacy Practitioners (JCPP).[6][7] CPNP is the only Board of Pharmacy Specialties accredited provider of BCPP (Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacist) recertification products.[8]

History

Much of what has been written about the history of CPNP comes from an article in the Encyclopedia of Clinical Pharmacy written by CPNP's second president (1999-2000), Alex A. Cardoni, MSPharm, BCPP.[9] Although pharmacists had been practicing in psychiatric and neurological practice settings prior to the formation of CPNP, there was no formal professional organization focused on neuropsychiatric pharmacy prior to the formation of CPNP.[9] In October 1994, a group of pharmacists held a meeting in Austin, Texas to discuss and plan the formation of a national professional organization dedicated to neuropsychiatric pharmacy.[9] The resultant Conference of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists was composed of forty neuropsychiatric pharmacists, a special interest group of pharmacists that met at the American Society of Health System Pharmacists (ASHP) Annual Meetings and held a post-continuing education programming conference.[10][11] Later, in the summer of 1997, a founding set of bylaws and an organizational constitution were drafted. After a call for founding members in 1997, their numbers increased to 116, whom are considered the original, founding members of CPNP.[9] After approving the constitution and bylaws, CPNP was officially founded on March 24, 1998.[10]

The first CPNP Board of Directors was elected and sworn in at CPNP's First Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists in Orlando, Florida from April 23 to 26, 1998.[9] The elected officers were CPNP President Dr. Gary M. Levin, PharmD, BCPP, FCCP, President-elect Alex Cardoni, MSPharm, BCPP, Treasurer Dr. James E. Wilson, PharmD, Secretary Dr. Cherry W. Jackson, PharmD, BCPP, FASHP, FCCP, and Directors-at-Large Dr. Lawrence J. Cohen, PharmD, BCPP, FASHP, FCCP, FCP, and Dr. Sally K. Guthrie, PharmD.[9] The new organization was led by its first president, Dr. Gary M. Levin, PharmD, BCPP, FCCP, from 1998-1999.[10][12]

Today, CPNP is led by Dr. Christopher Thomas, PharmD, BCPP, BCPS.

List of Former and Current CPNP Presidents

President Term
Gary Levin 1998-1999[12]
Alex Cardoni 1999-2000[12]
Roger Sommi 2000-2001[12]
Cherry Jackson 2001-2002[12]
Stanley Weber 2002-2003[12]
Glen Stimmel 2003-2004[12]
Larry Ereshefsky 2004-2005[12]
Charles Caley 2005-2006[12]
Matthew Fuller 2006-2007[12]
Sheila Botts 2007-2008[12]
Carla Cobb 2008-2009[12]
Ann Richards 2009-2010[12]
Steven Stoner 2010-2011[12]
Jerry McKee 2011-2012[12]
Rex S. Lott 2012-2013[12]
Julie Dopheide 2013-2014[12]
Steven Burghart 2014-2015[12]
Raymond Love 2015-2016[12]
Christopher Thomas 2016-2017 (Current)[13]
Deanna Kelly 2017-2018 (President-Elect)[13]

Membership

As of 2016, CPNP had 2057 members, 70% of whom are Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacists (BCPPs).[1] CPNP members primarily practice in the areas of clinical practice, education and training, drug policy, and research.[1] Half of the membership practices in a hospital setting (a little over half of those members practice in government supported hospitals, such as with the United States Department of Veterans Affairs), with the other half practicing in a diverse number of settings, including private mental health practice (5%), pharmaceutical industry (7%), public mental health (8%), academia (12%), and others (18%, including long-term care, managed care, and primary care).[1] CPNP members encompass a range of professional experience, and 71% are residency or fellowship trained.[1]

Membership categories

History

Originally, the CPNP general body consisted of three major categories of membership: Active Members, Founding Members, and Corporate Members. Active Members represented the bulk of the organization, whom were pharmacists that paid yearly membership dues. Founding Members represented the original, founding members of CPNP (116 members in total). Corporate Members represented both corporations and members of corporations.[9]

Present

As of April 2017, categories of membership in the CPNP general body have been expanded as follows:[14]

The major difference between membership categories is the membership dues requirement. Trial Members are offered a free, trial membership for 6 months before being required to become Active, Associate, or Student Members. The most expensive membership category is the Affiliate Member category, which was $460 for one membership year (membership through June 30, 2018) as of April 2017. CPNP offers a student discount through the Student Member category, which is $165 cheaper than the Active Member dues. Membership dues are also stratified based on the length of membership purchased, also known as a non-cumulative quantity discount; for example, for the Active Membership category, buying two years of membership saves $30, whereas buying three years of membership saves $65.[14]

Committees

The CPNP Board of Directors may appoint committees to fulfill a defined purpose for the organization, in line with its missions and vision.[15] The committees also serve as a platform for CPNP members to engage with one another on topics of interest to them. As of April 2017, CPNP has appointed 15 committees:

Student chapters

CPNP Collegiate Chapter Logo

Pharmacy students may start or join student chapters of CPNP at colleges and universities that have pharmacy schools with full-time pharmacy degree programs.[16] Student chapters provide extracurricular activities for members.[17] The structure of CPNP student chapters is similar to the structure of CPNP National's Board of Directors, with some notable differences: the governance of CPNP student chapters is called the "executive board," rather than the "board of directors;" CPNP student chapters lack a "Director-at-Large" office; CPNP student chapters are guided by "Chapter Advisors," whom are faculty members at CPNP student chapter institutions; and CPNP student chapters may incorporate other officer positions (e.g. some chapters have elected a P1 or First Year Liaison, an officer that serves to represent the interests of the student chapter to the "P1," or first year pharmacy student, class at the member institution).[18][19][20][21]

As of April 2017, there are 33 student chapters located at pharmacy schools within the United States.[22] The first CPNP Student Chapter in the United States was at Nova Southeastern University.[23] According to the CPNP website, student chapters are located at the following colleges and universities:[22]

Academic Institution Student Chapter Website Year Founded
Belmont University BUCOP CPNP 2013[24]
Duquesne University CPNP-DUMSP 2016[25]
East Tennessee State University CPNP-ETSU N/A
Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers CPNP 2014[26]
Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine CPNP-LECOM N/A
MCPHS University N/A 2013[27]
Midwestern University Chicago CPNP 2012[28]
Northeast Ohio Medical University CPNP-NEOMED 2016[29]
Nova Southeastern University NSU-CPNP N/A
Ohio Northern University N/A N/A
Oregon State University N/A N/A
Presbyterian College CPNP-PCSP 2013[30]
Purdue University CPNP Purdue 2010[31]
Regis University N/A N/A
Roseman University of Health Sciences N/A N/A
Southern Illinois University Edwardsville CPNP SIUE SOP 2014[32]
St. John's University CPNP-SJU N/A
Temple University CPNP-TU 2015[33]
The Ohio State University CPNP-OSU 2016[34]
Touro College CPNP Touro 2016[35]
The University of Arizona CPNP-UA 2015[36]
University of California, San Diego CPNP-UCSD 2012[37]
University of California San Francisco N/A N/A
University of Cincinnati N/A 2016[38]
University of Connecticut CPNP-UConn 2013[39]
University of Georgia CPNP-UG N/A
University of Maryland CPNP-UM 2013[40]
University of North Carolina CPNP-UNC N/A
University of Pittsburgh CPNP-UP 2014[41]
University of Southern California CPNP-USC 2015[42]
University of Utah CPNP-UU N/A
Washington State University N/A N/A
St. John Fisher College N/A N/A

Student chapters are often involved with local mental health organizations, such as the National Alliance on Mental Illness. For example, in March 2016, the University of Arizona's CPNP Student Chapter launched its "Stigma Free Campaign" in support of NAMI.[43] The chapter has also participated in the local NAMI Walk in 2016, and has appointed a liaison to NAMI.[44] Ohio Northern University's CPNP Student Chapter claims to host NAMI representatives at their meetings as well.[45]

Communities

CPNP communities are distinct groups of CPNP members that exist to connect members with one another.[46] Communities maintain a private email forum, shared community resources, can schedule conference calls, and meet at the CPNP Annual Meeting. As of April 2017, there are 11 CPNP communities gathered around a variety of subjects:

Research

CPNP members are engaged in research topics of interest to the practice of neuropsychiatric pharmacy. For example, in 2016, the Yale School of Medicine reported that Douglas Boggs, PharmD was awarded the Best Original Research Award by CPNP for his work on the motor effects of THC.[47] Pharmacy Times reported CPNP's 2015 recipient of the Best Original Research Award, Kyle Burghardt, PharmD, for his article titled, "The Pharmacoepigenetics of Metabolic Syndrome in Schizophrenia."[48] The CPNP Foundation funds the "Defining The Future" Grant Program, which aims to fund research that will help shape and define the future of neuropsychiatric pharmacy practice.[49]

CPNP has been recognized for the development and development of neuropsychiatric resources. In 2015, the American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry awarded CPNP with a $5000 grant for the development of community pharmacy guidelines for the management of opioid use disorder, titled, "Opioid Use Disorders: Interventions for Community Pharmacists."[50][51] The resource is now provided for free on the "SAMHSA-HRSA Center for Integrated Health Solutions" website, a collaboration of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) and the US Department of Health and Human Services's Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA).[52] In 2014, the America Academy of Addiction Psychiatry awarded CPNP a $5000 grant for the development of a training webinar titled, "Putting Naloxone Into Action," aimed at helping pharmacists learn how to develop overdose education and naloxone distribution programs.[50]

Annual Meeting

CPNP meets annually to discuss topics in neuropsychiatric pharmacy, offer credit for BCPP recertification, and network with colleagues. Dr. Steven C. Stoner, PharmD, BCPP, past president of CPNP (2010-2011), has described the CPNP annual meeting as the organization's "crowning achievement."[10] The first annual meeting was held in Orlando, Florida in 1998.[10] The 2017 annual meeting "CPNP 2017" was held in Phoenix, Arizona.[53]

Lobbying and advocacy

In collaboration with the American Pharmacists Association (APhA), CPNP has lobbied for pharmacist "provider status," a profession-wide political effort aimed at convincing the United States Congress to recognize the profession of pharmacy (pharmacists) as providers in the Social Security Act, Part E, §1861.[54][55]

The primary advocacy arm of CPNP is its Government Affairs Council (GAC).[56] There are currently eight members of the 2016-2017 GAC. Members are required to declare any disclosures of interest.

Community service

CPNP members assist with NAMI’s HelpLine and Medications Mental Health Medications website, as well as staff the “Ask the Pharmacist” booth at NAMI’s annual convention.[57] In 2006, the National Alliance on Mental Illness honored CPNP with its Excellence in Community Mental Health Services Award in recognition of "their outstanding efforts to educate people about the available medications for the treatment of mental illness."[57]

Products

CPNP sells products for pharmacists interested in preparing for their BCPP (board certified psychiatric pharmacist) certification exams. This includes both the "Psychiatric Pharmacotherapy Review Book" and the "BCPP Prep Series."[58] According to CPNP, the "Psychiatric Pharmacy Review Book" is widely used by BCPP applicants.[59]

Publications

Mental Health Clinician

Mental Health Clinician  
Abbreviated title (ISO 4)
 MHC
Discipline Psychiatric pharmacy
Peer-reviewed yes
Language English
Edited by Amy M. VandenBerg (Senior Editor), Amy Werremeyer (Senior Editor), Dan McGraw (Handling Editor), Troy A. Moore (Handling Editor), Suzanne Nielsen (Handling Editor), Stephanie V. Phan (Handling Editor), Clinton A. Ross (Handling Editor), Erika E. Tillery (Handling Editor), Kristen Anderson (Managing Editor), Gregory H. Payne (Coordinating Editor)[60]
Publication details
Publisher
Publication history
 2012-present
Frequency bimonthly
yes[61]
License Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License[61]
Indexing
ISSN 2168-9709
Links

The Mental Health Clinician (MHC) is a bimonthly, open access, electronic journal that publishes articles of interest to neuropsychiatric pharmacists, providing perspectives on current topics in neuropsychiatric pharmacy, psychopharmacology, and other topics in clinical pharmacy. The content of each issue tends to follow a specific theme; for example, the theme of volume 7 (2017), issue 2 was listed as "geropsych update," which is short for "geropsychiatry," or "geriatric psychiatry," a subspecialty of psychiatry.[62]

History

The MHC was first published in 2011,[63] 13 years after the foundation of CPNP in 1998. The announcement for the inaugural edition of the journal was written by Jerry McKee, CPNP President 2011-2012.[64]

Content

The subject of MHC articles are topics of special relevance to neuropsychiatric pharmacists (many of whom are presumably members of CPNP), though some articles published within the MHC are also accessible to a wider audience of pharmacists and other healthcare professionals. In addition to thematic content, the MHC also accepts a limited number of scientific articles for "open submission" issues, which do not have a particular theme within neuropsychiatric pharmacy. As of April 2017, only two issues have been purely based on open submission articles: volume 5, issues 3 and 4.[65] Other issues that have been partially devoted to open submissions include the following: volume 6, issues 2, 3, and 5; volume 7, issue 7.[65] The average page length per volume (not including volume 7, which is still in production for the year 2017) is about 333 pages. Of the six volumes published before 2017, the longest volume was volume 2 (424 pages), while the shortest volume was volume 5 (295 pages). Each issue ends with an article titled "CPNP Announcements."

Authors

Authors that publish articles in the MHC tend to be members of CPNP. Based on a sample of the credentials of authors published in volume 7, issue 1, the authors of MHC appear to usually be pharmacists, physicians, or pharmacy research scientists.[66] Some articles are written by pharmacy students as well.[67][68][69]

The CPNP Perspective

The CPNP Perspective is the official monthly newsletter of CPNP.[70]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "CPNP 2017 Sponsor Prospectus" (PDF). CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  2. ↑ Cole, Kristen (September 14, 2016). "New Website Connects Mental Health Patients and Pharmacists". University of Connecticut. UConn Today. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  3. ↑ Blank, Christine (September 30, 2016). "Directory connects pharmacies and mental health patients". UBM Medica, LLC. Modern Medicine Network. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  4. ↑ Miller, Julie (December 18, 2015). "Coalition aims to improve psychiatric emergency care". Institite for the Advancement of Behavioral Healthcare. Behavioral Healthcare Executive. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  5. ↑ "Survey: 8 in 10 ER Docs Say Mental Health System Is Not Working for Patients". PR Newswire Association LLC. PRNewswire-USNewswire. December 15, 2015. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  6. ↑ "JCPP Expands Membership and Remains Focused on Achieving Vision for Pharmacists’ Practice" (PDF). JCPP. January 26, 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  7. ↑ "CPNP Achieves JCPP Membership". CPNP. January 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  8. ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions about Recertification". cpnp.org. CPNP. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cardoni, Alex (2002). Encyclopedia of Clinical Pharmacy. CRC Press 2002. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-8247-0752-1. doi:10.1201/b13789-39.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Stoner, Steven (October 2011). "The history of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists". The Mental Health Clinician. 1 (4): 63–64. doi:10.9740/mhc.n83633. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  11. ↑ "About CPNP". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 "CPNP Past Presidents". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  13. 1 2 "CPNP 2016 Annual Meeting". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  14. 1 2 "Join or Renew CPNP Membership". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  15. ↑ "CPNP Committees". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  16. ↑ "CPNP Collegiate Chapter Formation and Operations Manual". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  17. ↑ "Comparing Pharmacy Graduate Programs". Cedars.cedarville.edu. Cedars. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  18. ↑ "CPNP Collegiate Chapter Bylaws". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  19. ↑ "College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacist (CPNP-UCSD)". pharmacy.ucsd.edu. UC San Diego. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  20. ↑ "CPNP Executive Officers 2016 - 2017". cpnpuga.wixsite.com. WIX. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  21. ↑ "Meet Our Executive Board". cpnp.weebly.com. Weebly. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  22. 1 2 "CPNP Student Chapters". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  23. ↑ "College of Pharmacy Presents at College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists". nsunews.nova.edu. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  24. ↑ "Constitution/Bylaws". bruinlink.belmont.edu. Belmont University. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  25. ↑ "Student Organizations". duq.edu. Duquesne University. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  26. ↑ "Rutgers CPNP". www.evensi.com. Evensi. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  27. ↑ "College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists MCPHS Boston". Facebook.com. Facebook. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  28. ↑ "Chicago CPNP Bylaws". mwupulse.collegiatelink.net. Campus Labs. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  29. ↑ "NEOMED Student Orgs on Display". thepulse.neomed.edu. Northeastern Ohio Medical University. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  30. ↑ Rish, Amber. "CPNP Proposal" (PDF). Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  31. ↑ "CPNP Purdue Bylaws". boilerlink.purdue.edu. Campus Labs. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  32. ↑ "CPNP SIUE SOP Bylaws". siue.collegiatelink.net. Campus Labs. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  33. ↑ "CPNP-TU Bylaws". temple.collegiatelink.net. Campus Labs. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  34. ↑ "About". cpnp.weebly.com. Weebly. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  35. ↑ "College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists Inaugural Event". tcop.touro.edu. Touro College of Pharmacy. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  36. ↑ "CPNP-UA Bylaws". arizona.collegiatelink.net. Campus Labs. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  37. ↑ "Cpnp-Ucsd - About". Facebook.com. Facebook. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  38. ↑ "Psych Pharm Cincinnati". cincinnatipsychiatricpharmacy.com. Blogger. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  39. ↑ "UCONN CPNP Collegiate Chapter - About". Facebook.com. Facebook. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  40. ↑ "Officers". studentorg.rx.umaryland.edu. University of Maryland School of Pharmacy. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  41. ↑ "CPNP University of Pittsburgh - About". Facebook.com. Facebook. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  42. ↑ "CPNP USC - About". Facebook.com. Facebook. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  43. ↑ "CPNP Stigma Free Campaign and Fundraiser for NAMI". pharmacy.arizona.edu. The University of Arizona College of Pharmacy. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  44. ↑ "College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists". pharmacy.arizona.edu. The University of Arizona College of Pharmacy. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  45. ↑ "Student Organizations". onu.edu. Ohio Northern University. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  46. ↑ "CPNP Communities". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  47. ↑ Gardner, Christopher (May 13, 2016). "Boggs honored for original research at CPNP conference". Yale School of Medicine. Yale School of Medicine. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  48. ↑ "CPNP Announces Saklad Memorial Award and Research Award Recipients". Pharmacy Times. Pharmacy Times. May 5, 2015. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  49. ↑ "Defining The Future Research Grants". CPNP Foundation. CPNP Foundation. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  50. 1 2 "PCSS Mini Grants". AAAP.org. AAAP. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  51. ↑ "Tools for Pharmacists to Help Reverse the Opioid Epidemic". California HealthCare Foundation. December 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  52. ↑ "Overview: Substance Use". integration.samhsa.gov. SAMHSA-HRSA. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  53. ↑ "#CPNP2017". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  54. ↑ "The Pursuit of Provider Status" (PDF). pharmacist.com. American Pharmacists Association. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  55. ↑ "Social Security Act Sec1861". ssa.gov. US Federal Government. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  56. ↑ "Government Affairs Council". CPNP.org. CPNP. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  57. 1 2 "NAMI Honors College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists with Award". NAMI. NAMI. July 26, 2006. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  58. ↑ "BCPP Preparatory Products". cpnp.org. CPNP. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
  59. ↑ "2016-2017 Psychiatric Pharmacotherapy Review Book". cpnp.org. CPNP. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
  60. ↑ "The MHC Editorial Board". mhc.cpnp.org. College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  61. 1 2 "Open Access and Copyright Policies". mhc.cpnp.org. College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  62. ↑ "Geropsych Update / Open Submissions, Vol. 7, Iss. 2". mhc.cpnp.org. College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  63. ↑ "Metabolic effects and antipsychotics, Vol. 1, Iss. 1". mhc.cpnp.org. College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  64. ↑ McKee, Jerry (July 2011). "July 2011 President's Message". Mental Health Clinician. 1 (1): 13. doi:10.9740/mhc.n74792. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  65. 1 2 "The Mental Health Clinician Archive Collection". mhc.cpnp.org. College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  66. ↑ "Psychiatric Management of the Medically Complicated Patient / Therapeutic Uses for Illicit Substances, Vol. 7, Iss. 1". mhc.cpnp.org. College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  67. ↑ Newton, Uma; Kreys, Tiffany-Jade (December 2011). "MHC Toolbox: Antipsychotics". Mental Health Clinician. 1 (6): 118–120. doi:10.9740/mhc.n89496. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  68. ↑ Tomas, Megan (March 2014). "Treatment of sleep disturbances in post-traumatic stress disorder". Mental Health Clinician. 4 (2): 91–97. doi:10.9740/mhc.n190104. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  69. ↑ Park, Eury; Arnold, Savannah; McGuire, Michael; Olson, Ben; Schmit, Mckaya (April 2013). "Medication in the movies, Silver Linings Playbook: Views from two student groups". Mental Health Clinician. 2 (10): 335–337. doi:10.9740/mhc.n143900. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  70. ↑ "The CPNP Perspective". cpnp.org. CPNP. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
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