Collaboration with ISIL

Within states partially occupied by or in proximity to the terrorist organization Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL or ISIS), some citizens and governments knowingly engaged in collaboration with ISIL during the Syrian Civil War, Iraqi Civil War, and Libyan Civil War. These collaborationists committed war crimes and crimes against humanity.

By state

Iraq

Sunni Arabs in Iraq have been accused of collaborating with ISIL against Assyrians, and Yazidis, and Shias. ISIL marked Christian homes with the letter nūn for Naṣārā[1][2] and Shia homes with the letter rāʾ for Rāfiḍa, derogatory terms used to describe Christians and Shias by Sunni Muslims. Properties were confiscated and given to local ISIL supporters or foreign fighters.[3] Local Sunnis were reported to have betrayed Yazidis once ISIL arrived, or colluded in advance to lure them into staying put until the ISIL invaded.[4]

57 members of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region participated in the massacre of at least 1,566 Shia cadets from the Iraqi Air Force on 12 June 2014.[5][6]

Syria

In response to the effort to liberate Raqqa by the Syrian Democratic Forces, whose main component is the Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG), Syrian Arabs in Raqqa have sided with ISIL.[7]

Turkey

Some commanders of Kurdish forces in Syria have accused the Turkish government selling arms and intelligence to ISIL, as well as fighting against YPG.[8][9] Turkey denies the allegations of assisting ISIL, pointing to multiple terrorist attacks ISIL has committed against civilians in Turkey, as well as multiple military confrontations between ISIL and the Turkish government.[9] The Kurdistan Democratic Party in Iraq similarly deny the claim that Turkey is providing aid to ISIL.[8] An assessment carried out by the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) and the Joint Chiefs of Staff in 2013 concluded that Turkey had effectively transformed the secret U.S. arms program in support of moderate rebels, who no longer existed, into an indiscriminate program to provide technical and logistical support for al-Nusra Front and ISIL.[10]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Iraqi Christians flee after Isis issue Mosul ultimatum". BBC News. August 7, 2014. Archived from the original on July 24, 2014. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  2. ↑ Loveluck, Louisa (August 7, 2014). "Christians flee Iraq's Mosul after Islamists tell them: convert, pay or die". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on July 30, 2014. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  3. ↑ "Iraq: ISIS Abducting, Killing, Expelling Minorities". Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  4. ↑ Ahmed, Azam (27 August 2014). "For Yazidis Betrayed by Arab Neighbors, 'It Will Never Be the Same'". New York Times. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  5. ↑ "ISIS, Saddam's men or a third party who killed 1700 soldiers in camp Speicher in Iraq?". CNN Arabic (in Arabic). Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  6. ↑ "New Secrets are revealed about the Speicher massacre in Iraq". Al Fajr (in Arabic). Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  7. ↑ Stanek, Becca (25 May 2016). "Syrians in Raqqa might actually join ISIS rather than be freed by Kurds". The Week. Archived from the original on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2016.
  8. 1 2 Zaman, Amberin (10 June 2014). "Syrian Kurds continue to blame Turkey for backing ISIS militants". Al-Monitor. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  9. 1 2 Wilgenburg, Wladimir van (6 August 2014). "Kurdish security chief: Turkey must end support for jihadists". Al-Monitor. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  10. ↑ Hersh, Seymour Hersh (7 January 2016). "Military to Military". London Review of Books, Vol. 38 No. 1. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
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