Coenzyme B

Coenzyme B
Names

IUPAC name 2-[(7-mercapto-1-oxoheptyl)amino]-3-phosphonooxybutanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	104302-77-4^N
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image Interactive image
ChemSpider	343^Y
PubChem CID	350
InChI InChI=1S/C11H22NO7PS/c1-8(19-20(16,17)18)10(11(14)15)12-9(13)6-4-2-3-5-7-21/h8,10,21H,2-7H2,1H3,(H,12,13)(H,14,15)(H2,16,17,18)^Y Key: JBJSVEVEEGOEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y InChI=1/C11H22NO7PS/c1-8(19-20(16,17)18)10(11(14)15)12-9(13)6-4-2-3-5-7-21/h8,10,21H,2-7H2,1H3,(H,12,13)(H,14,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t8-,10-/m1/s1 Key: JBJSVEVEEGOEBZ-PSASIEDQBT InChI=1/C11H22NO7PS/c1-8(19-20(16,17)18)10(11(14)15)12-9(13)6-4-2-3-5-7-21/h8,10,21H,2-7H2,1H3,(H,12,13)(H,14,15)(H2,16,17,18) Key: JBJSVEVEEGOEBZ-UHFFFAOYAG
SMILES O=C(N[C@@H](C(=O)O)[C@H](OP(=O)(O)O)C)CCCCCCS O=C(NC(C(=O)O)C(OP(=O)(O)O)C)CCCCCCS
Properties
Chemical formula	C 11H 22NO 7PS
Molar mass	343.333641
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is ^YN ?)
Infobox references

Coenzyme B is a coenzyme required for redox reactions in methanogens. The full chemical name of coenzyme B is 7-mercaptoheptanoylthreoninephosphate.^[1] The molecule contains a thiol, which is its principal site of reaction.

Coenzyme B reacts with 2-methylthioethanesulfonate (methyl-Coenzyme M, abbreviated CH
3–S–CoM), to release methane in methanogenesis:^[2]

CH
3–S–CoM + HS–CoB → CH
4 + CoB–S–S–CoM

This conversion is catalyzed by the enzyme methyl coenzyme M reductase, which contains cofactor F430 as the prosthetic group.

A related conversion that utilizes both HS-CoB and HS-CoM is the reduction of fumarate to succinate, catalyzed by fumarate reductase:^[3]

CH
3–S–CoM + HS–CoB ⁻O
2CCH=CHCO−
2 → ⁻O
2CCH
2–CH
2CO−
2 + CoB–S–S–CoM

References

↑ Noll KM, Rinehart KL, Tanner RS, Wolfe RS (1986). "Structure of component B (7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate) of the methylcoenzyme M methylreductase system of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (12): 4238–42. PMC 323707 . PMID 3086878. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.12.4238.
↑ Thauer RK (September 1998). "Biochemistry of methanogenesis: a tribute to Marjory Stephenson. 1998 Marjory Stephenson Prize Lecture". Microbiology. 144 (Pt 9): 2377–406. PMID 9782487. doi:10.1099/00221287-144-9-2377.
↑ Heim S, Künkel A, Thauer RK, Hedderich R (April 1998). "Thiol:fumarate reductase (Tfr) from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum—identification of the catalytic sites for fumarate reduction and thiol oxidation". Eur. J. Biochem. 253 (1): 292–9. PMID 9578488. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2530292.x.

Enzyme cofactors

Active forms

vitamins	TPP / ThDP (B₁) FMN, FAD (B₂) NAD⁺, NADH, NADP⁺, NADPH (B₃) Coenzyme A (B₅) PLP / P5P (B₆) Biotin (B₇) THFA / H₄FA, DHFA / H₂FA, MTHF (B₉) AdoCbl, MeCbl (B₁₂) Ascorbic acid (C) Phylloquinone (K₁), Menaquinone (K₂) Coenzyme F420
non-vitamins	ATP CTP SAMe PAPS GSH Coenzyme B Cofactor F430 Coenzyme M Coenzyme Q Heme / Haem (A, B, C, O) Lipoic Acid Methanofuran Molybdopterin/Molybdenum cofactor PQQ THB / BH₄ THMPT / H₄MPT
minerals	Ca²⁺ Cu²⁺ Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺ Mg²⁺ Mn²⁺ Mo Ni²⁺ Zn²⁺

Base forms

vitamins: see vitamins

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.