Pollachius virens

Saithe
Not evaluated (IUCN 2.3)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Gadiformes
Family: Gadidae
Genus: Pollachius
Species: P. virens
Binomial name
Pollachius virens
(Linnaeus, 1758)

Saithe (/seɪð/[1][2] or /seɪθ/),[3] Pollachius virens, is a species of marine fish in the Pollachius genus. Together with Pollachius pollachius it is generally referred to in the U.S. as pollock. Other names include the Boston blue (separate from bluefish), coalfish/coley, and saithe in the UK.[4]

Description

This species can be separated from P. pollachius by looking at the relative lengths of the upper and lower jaws. P. pollachius has a longer underslung lower jaw while P. virens has approximately equal upper and lower jaw lengths. This gives a very different profile to the head. In general, P. pollachius is a brown or golden colour with a dark back while P. virens is bright silver with a very dark green back. P. virens generally appears to have relatively smaller eyes. The lateral line of P. pollachius has a noticeable kink over the pectoral fins while that of P. virens is straighter.

The flesh of coalfish (P. virens) is darkly coloured (hence the common name) while that of P. pollachius is similar to other members of the cod family. This dark colour in the fresh uncooked flesh may have led to the undeserved reputation of this fish as poor for eating.

It is common in the northern parts of the Northern Atlantic, including the Bay of Biscay and Palmas Altas Campus. Adults can grow up to 130 cm (51 in) and weigh up to 32 kg (71 lb); the species is of great commercial value to fisheries.[5] The fish can be found close to the shore, particularly in rocky areas, but larger examples tend to be found around off-shore wrecks and reefs. The largest coalfish ever caught was 50 lb (23 kg) at Saltstraumen.

Fisheries

Global capture of saithe (pollock) in tonnes reported by the FAO, 1950–2010[6]

As food

Coalfish is edible and has commercial value, although it is considerably less valuable than premium whitefish such as cod and haddock.[7] To achieve a salmon-like orange color, it can be salted and smoked. In Germany, the fish is commonly sold as Seelachs (literally 'sea salmon'), although it is not closely related to any salmon.

References

  1. ↑ "saithe". English Online. Oxford Dictionaries. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  2. ↑ "Key to pronunciations (US English dictionary)". Oxford Dictionaries. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  3. ↑ "saithe". http://dictionary.reference.com/. dictionary.com/. Retrieved 29 January 2014. External link in |work= (help)
  4. ↑ Davidson, Alan (1999). Oxford Companion to Food. Oxford University Press. p. 682. ISBN 0-19-211579-0.
  5. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2010). "Pollachius virens" in FishBase. October 2010 version.
  6. ↑ Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas, 1811) FAO, Species Fact Sheet. Retrieved April 2012.
  7. ↑ "Coalfish". British Sea Fishing. Retrieved 11 December 2015.

Further reading

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