Linux Foundation

The Linux Foundation
Founded 2000 (2000)
Type 501(c)(6) organization
Focus Linux kernel|Linux
Location
Origins OSDL & FSG
Area served
Worldwide
Method Promotion, protection, and standardization of Linux by providing unified resources and services needed for open source to successfully compete with closed platforms.
Members
500+ Corporate Members, and a multitude of Individual Members[1]
Key people
  • Jim Zemlin
  • Mike Woster
  • Nicko van Someren
  • Mike Dolan
  • Laura Kempke
  • Russell Farnell
  • Karen Copenhaver
  • Abby Kearns
  • Arpit Joshipura
  • Brian Behlendorf
  • Andy Updegrove
  • Angela Brown
  • Penny Yao
  • Mark Hinkle
  • Chris Aniszczyk
  • Philip DesAutels
  • Heather Kirksey
  • Kate Stewart
  • Phil Robb
  • Dan Cauchy
  • Noriaki Fukuyasu
  • Clyde Seepersad
  • Dan Kohn
  • Linus Torvalds
Website www.linuxfoundation.org
Jim Zemlin at the opening of the LinuxCon Europe 2014
Linus Torvalds at LinuxCon North America 2016

The Linux Foundation (LF) is a non-profit technology trade association chartered to promote, protect, and advance Linux and collaborative development and support the "greatest shared technology resources in history."[2] It began in 2000 under the Open Source Development Labs (OSDL) and became the organization it is today when OSDL merged with the Free Standards Group (FSG). The Linux Foundation sponsors the work of Linux creator Linus Torvalds and lead maintainer Greg Kroah-Hartman and is supported by leading Linux and open source companies, including prominent technology corporations such as Cisco, Fujitsu, HP,[3] IBM, Intel, Microsoft,[4] NEC, Oracle, Qualcomm, and Samsung[5] and developers from around the world. In recent years, the Linux Foundation has expanded its services through events, training and certification, and open source projects. Projects hosted at the Linux Foundation include Open Network Automation Platform (ONAP), Hyperledger, Cloud Native Computing Foundation, Cloud Foundry Foundation, Node.js Foundation, and many others.

While The Linux Foundation's original message is to promote,[6] protect,[7] and standardize[8] Linux "by providing a comprehensive set of services to compete effectively with closed platforms,"[9] the organization has extended the scope of its work to include many areas of the professional open source software industry as a whole. Such areas include blockchain technology, high performance computing (HPC) and container technology.[10]

History

The origin of The Linux Foundation can be traced back to 2000 when the Open Source Development Labs (OSDL) was founded. OSDL was a non-profit organization supported by a global consortium that aimed to "accelerate the deployment of Linux for enterprise computing" and "to be the recognized center-of-gravity for the Linux industry."[11]

In 2003, Linus Torvalds, the creator of the freely available Linux kernel announced he would join the organization as an OSDL Fellow to work full-time on future versions of Linux.[12]

In 2007, OSDL merged with the Free Standards Group, another organization promoting the adoption of Linux. At the time, Jim Zemlin, who headed FSG, took over as executive director of The Linux Foundation.[13]

On September 11, 2011, The Linux Foundation's website was taken down due to a breach discovered 27 days prior, including but limited to all attendant subdomains of The Linux Foundation, such as Linux.com.[14] Major parts including OpenPrinting[15] were still offline on October 20, 2011. The restoration was complete on January 4, 2012 (although one site, the Linux Developer Network, will not be restored).[16]

Goals

The Linux Foundation serves as a vendor-neutral spokesperson for Linux and generates original content that advances the understanding of the Linux platform. It also fosters innovation by hosting collaboration events among the Linux technical community, application developers, industry, and end users to solve pressing issues facing Linux. Through the Linux Foundation's community programs, end users, developers, and industry members collaborate on technical, legal, and promotional issues.

In order for Linux Kernel creator Linus Torvalds and other key kernel developers to remain independent, the Linux Foundation sponsors them so they can work full-time on improving Linux.

The Linux Foundation offers application developers standardization services and support that makes Linux an attractive target for their development efforts. These include: the Linux Standard Base (LSB) and the Linux Developer Network.

The Linux Foundation supports the Linux community by offering technical information and education through its annual events, such as the Linux Collaboration Summit, the Linux Kernel Developers Summit, and the general LinuxCon event inaugurated in September 2009.

The Linux Foundation also provides services to key areas of the Linux community, including an open source developer travel fund and other administrative assistance. Through its workgroups, members and developers can collaborate on key technical areas. There is also a training program that is vendor-neutral, technically advanced, and created with the actual leaders of the Linux development community.

Projects

Linux.com

On March 3, 2009, the Linux Foundation announced that they would take over management of Linux.com from its previous owners, SourceForge, Inc.

The site was relaunched on May 13, 2009, shifting away from its previous incarnation as a news site to become a central source for Linux tutorials, information, software, documentation and answers across the server, desktop/netbook, mobile, and embedded areas. It also includes a directory of Linux software and hardware.

Much like Linux itself, Linux.com plans to rely on the community to create and drive the content and conversation.

Training and Certification

The Linux Foundation Training Program features instructors and content straight from the leaders of the Linux developer and open source communities.

Participants receive Linux training that is vendor-neutral, technically advanced, and created with the actual leaders of the Linux development community themselves. The Linux Foundation Linux training courses, both online and in-person (at events and corporate onsite,) give attendees the broad, foundational knowledge and networking needed to thrive in their careers.

In March 2014, The Linux Foundation and edX partnered to offer a free massive open online class titled Introduction to Linux.[17] This was the first in a series of ongoing free offerings from both organizations whose current catalogue of MOOCs include Intro to Devops, Intro to Cloud Foundry and Cloud Native Software Architecture, Intro to Apache Hadoop, Intro to Cloud Infrastructure Technologies, and Intro to OpenStack[18]

In December 2015, The Linux Foundation introduced a self-paced course designed to help prepare administrators for the OpenStack Foundation's Certified OpenStack Administrator exam.[19]

As part of a partnership with Microsoft, it was announced in December 2015 that the Linux on Azure certification would be awarded to individuals who pass both the Microsoft Exam 70-533 (Implementing Microsoft Azure Infrastructure Solutions) and the Linux Foundation Certified System Administrator (LFCS) exam.[20]

In early 2017 at the annual Open Source Leadership Summit, it was announced that The Linux Foundation would begin offering an Inclusive Speaker Orientation course in partnership with the National Center for Women & Information Technology. The free course is designed to give participants "practical skills to promote inclusivity in their presentations."[21]

Linux Standard Base

The Linux Standard Base, or LSB, is a joint project by several Linux distributions under the organizational structure of the Linux Foundation to standardize the software system structure, or filesystem hierarchy, used with Linux operating system. The LSB is based on the POSIX specification, the Single UNIX Specification, and several other open standards, but extends them in certain areas.

According to the LSB:

The goal of the LSB is to develop and promote a set of open standards that will increase compatibility among Linux distributions and enable software applications to run on any compliant system even in binary form. In addition, the LSB will help coordinate efforts to recruit software vendors to port and write products for Linux Operating System.

The LSB compliance may be certified for a product by a certification procedure.[22]

The LSB specifies for example: standard libraries, a number of commands and utilities that extend the POSIX standard, the layout of the file system hierarchy, run levels, the printing system, including spoolers such as CUPS and tools like Foomatic and several extensions to the X Window System.

Carrier Grade Linux

Carrier Grade Linux (CGL) is a set of specifications which detail standards of availability, scalability, manageability, and service response characteristics which must be met in order for Linux kernel-based operating system to be considered "carrier grade" (i.e. ready for use within the telecommunications industry). The term is particularly applicable as telecom converges technically with data networks and commercial off-the-shelf commoditized components such as blade servers.

OpenPrinting

Linux/Unix CUPS printing architecture.

The OpenPrinting workgroup is a website belonging to the Linux Foundation which provides documentation and software support for printing under Linux.[23] Formed as LinuxPrinting.org, in 2006 it became part of the Free Standards Group.

They developed a database that lists a wide variety of printers from various manufacturers. The database allows people to give a report on the support and quality of each printer, and they also give a report on the support given to Linux by each printer vendor. They have also created a foomatic (formerly cupsomatic) script which plugs into the Common Unix Printing System (CUPS).

Patent Commons Project

The patent commons consists of all patented software which has been made available to the open source community. For software to be considered to be in the commons the patent owner must guarantee that developers will not be sued for infringement, though there may be some restrictions on the use of the patented code. The concept was first given substance by Red Hat in 2001 when it published its Patent Promise.[24]

The Patent Commons Project was launched on November 15, 2005 by the Open Source Development Labs (OSDL). The core of the project is an online patent commons reference library aggregating and documenting information about patent-related pledges and other legal solutions directed at the open-source software community. As of 2015 the project listed 53 patents.[25]

Linux Foundation Projects

Linux Foundation Projects (originally "Collaborative Projects") are independently funded software projects that harness the power of collaborative development to fuel innovation across industries and ecosystems. More than 500 companies and thousands of developers from around the world contribute to these open source software projects.

As of September 2015, the total lines of source code present in Linux Foundation's Collaborative Projects are 115,013,302. The estimated, total amount of effort required to retrace the steps of collaborative development for these projects is 41,192.25 person years. In other words, it would take 1,356 developers 30 years to recreate the code bases. The total economic value of development costs of Linux Foundation Collaborative Projects is estimated at $5 billion.[26]

Some of the Projects include (alphabetical order):

AllJoyn

AllJoyn is an open source application framework for connected devices and services was formed under Allseen Alliance in 2013. The project is now sponsored as an independent Linux Foundation project by the Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF).

Automotive Grade Linux

Automotive Grade Linux
Open Source project under The Linux Foundation
Headquarters San Francisco, Calif.
Key people
 Dan Cauchy, Executive Director
Website www.automotivelinux.org

Automotive Grade Linux[27] (AGL) is a collaborative open source project developing a Linux-based, open platform for the connected car that can serve as the de facto standard for the industry. Although initially focused on In-Vehicle-Infotainment (IVI), the AGL roadmap includes instrument cluster, heads up display, telematics and autonomous driving.[28] The goals of AGL are to provide:

AGL technology

On June 30, 2014, AGL announced their first release, which was based on Tizen IVI and was primarily for demo applications.[30] AGL expanded the first reference platform with the Unified Code Base (UCB) distribution[31]. The first UCB release, nicknamed Agile Albacore, was released in January 2016 and leverages software components from AGL, Tizen and GENIVI Alliance. UCB 2.0, nicknamed Brilliant Blowfish, was made available in July 2016 and included new features like rear seat display, video playback, audio routing and application framework.[32] UCB 3.0, or Charming Chinook[33] was released in January 2017. AGL plans to support additional use cases such as instrument clusters and telematics systems.

Carrier Grade Linux

The "CGL" Workgroup's main purpose is to "interface with network equipment providers and carriers to gather requirements and produce specifications that Linux distribution vendors can implement."[34] It also serves to use unimplemented requirements to foster development projects that will assist in the upstream integration of these requirements.

Cloud Foundry

Cloud Foundry is an open source, multi cloud application platform as a service (PaaS) governed by the Cloud Foundry Foundation, a 501(c)(6) organization. In January 2015, the Cloud Foundry Foundation was created as an independent not-for-profit Linux Foundation Project. The foundation exists to increase awareness and adoption of Cloud Foundry, grow the contributor community, and create a cohesive strategy across all member companies. The Foundation serves as a neutral party holding all Cloud Foundry intellectual property.

Cloud Native Computing Foundation

CloudNativeDay 2016

The Cloud Native Computing Foundation[35] (CNCF) was founded in 2015 to promote containers. It was announced with Kubernetes 1.0, an open source container cluster manager, which was contributed to the foundation by Google as a seed technology. Founding members included Google, Twitter, Huawei, Intel, Cisco, IBM, Docker, Univa, and VMware.[36][37] In order to establish qualified representatives of the technologies governed by the CNCF, a program was announced at the inaugural CloudNativeDay in Toronto in August, 2016.[38]

Kubernetes

Kubernetes is an open source framework for automating deployment and managing applications in a containerized and clustered environment. "It aims to provide better ways of managing related, distributed components across varied infrastructure."[39] It was originally designed by Google and donated to The Linux Foundation to form the Cloud Native Computing Foundation with Kubernetes as the seed technology. The "large and diverse" community supporting the project has made its staying power more robust than other, older technologies of the same ilk.[40]

Containerd

Containerd is an industry-standard core container runtime. It is currently available as a daemon for Linux and Windows, which can manage the complete container lifecycle of its host system. In 2015, Docker donated the OCI Specification to The Linux Foundation with a reference implementation called runc.

CoreDNS

CoreDNS, a DNS server that chains middleware, is a Cloud Native Computing Foundation member project.

Fluentd

Fluentd is an open source data collector, allowing the user to "unify the data collection and consumption for a better use and understanding of data."[41]

gRPC

gRPC is a "modern open source high performance RPC framework that can run in any environment."[42] The project was formed in 2015 when Google decided to open source the next version of its RPC infrastructure ("Stubby"). The project has a number of early large industry adopters such as Square, Inc., Netflix, and Cisco.

Linkerd

Linkerd is a CNCF member project, providing resilient service mesh for cloud native applications. The tool is based on the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) "for developers to help improve communications among microservices."[43]

OpenTracing

OpenTracing is a Cloud Native Computing Foundation member project. It offers "consistent, expressive, vendor-neutral APIs for popular platforms."[44]

Prometheus

A Cloud Native Computing Foundation member project, Prometheus is a cloud monitoring tool sponsored by SoundCloud in early iterations. The tool is currently used by Digital Ocean, Ericsson, CoreOS, Docker, Red Hat and Google.[45]

Code Aurora Forum

Code Aurora Forum is a consortium of companies with projects serving the mobile wireless industry. Software projects it concerns itself with are e.g. Android for MSM, Femto Linux Project, LLVM, MSM WLAN and Linux-MSM.

CORD

"CORD" (Central Office Re-Orchestrated as a Datacenter) combines SDN, NFV and cloud with commodity infrastructure and open building blocks. The project was introduced by ON.Lab in June 2015 at the Open Networking Summit. Its team was originally composed of AT&T, The Linux Foundation's ONOS project, PMC-Sierra, and Sckipio.

Core Embedded Linux Project

Started in 2003, the Core Embedded Linux Project aims to provide a vendor neutral place to establish core embedded Linux technologies beyond those of The Linux Foundation's Projects. From the start, any Linux Foundation member company has been allowed to apply for membership in the Core Embedded Linux Project.

Core Infrastructure Initiative

Announced on 25 April 2014 in the wake of Heartbleed to fund and support free and open-source software projects that are critical to the functioning of the Internet.

DiaMon Workgroup

The DiaMon Workgroup works toward improving interoperability between open source tools and improve Linux-based tracing, profiling, logging, and monitoring features. According to the workgroup, DiaMon "aims to accelerate this development by making it easier to work together on common pieces."[46]

DPDK

The Data Plane Development Kit consists of libraries to accelerate CPU architecture-running packet processing workloads. According to Intel, "DPDK can improve packet processing performance by up to ten times."[47]

Dronecode

Started in 2014, Dronecode began as an open source, collaborative project to unite current and future open source drone initiatives under the auspices of The Linux Foundation. The goal is a common, shared open source platform for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Chris Anderson (CEO of 3D Robotics & founder of DIY Drones) serves at the chairman of the board of directors.

EdgeX Foundry

Founded in 2017, EdgeX Foundry acts as a vendor-neutral interoperability framework. It is hosted in a hardware and OS agnostic reference platform and seeks to enable an ecosystem of plug-and-play components, uniting the marketplace and accelerating IoT deployment. The project wants to enable collaborators to freely work on open and interoperable IoT solutions with existing and self-created connectivity standards. 

FD.io

The Fast Data Project-referred to as "Fido"- provides an IO services framework for the next wave of network and storage software. In the stack, FD.io is the universal data plane. “FD.io runs completely in the user space,” said Ed Warnicke[48](consulting engineer with Cisco and chair of the FD.io technical steering committee.

FOSSology

FOSSology is primarily a project dedicated to an open source license compliance software system and toolkit. Users are able to run licenses, copyright and export control scans from the command line. A database and web UI provided a compliance workflow.[49]

FRRouting

FRRouting (FRR) is an IP routing protocol suite for Unix and Linux platforms. It incorporates protocol daemons for BGP, IS-IS, LDP, OSPF, PIM, and RIP.

Hyperledger

The Hyperledger project is an global, open source effort based around advancing cross-industry blockchain technologies. In addition to being hosted by The Linux Foundation, it's backed by finance, banking, IoT, supply chain, manufacturing and technology leaders.[50] The project is the foundation's fastest growing to date,[51] boasting over 115 members since founding in 2016. In May 2016, co-founder of the Apache Software Foundation, Brian Behlendorf, joined the project as its executive director.

IO Visor

IO Visor is an open source project and community of developers that will enable a new way to innovate, develop and share IO and networking functions. It will advance IO and networking technologies to address new requirements presented by cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV).

IoTivity

IoTivity is an OSS framework enabling seamless device-to-device connectivity to aid the Internet of Things as it grows. While Allseen Alliance and Open Connectivity Foundation merged in October 2016, the IoT projects of each (AllJoyn and IoTivity, respectively) will continue operating under The Linux Foundation. The two projects will "collaborate to support future versions of the OCF specification with a single IoTivity implementation."[52]

JanusGraph

JanusGraph aims to continue open source development of the TitanDB graph database. It is a fork TitanDB, "the distributed graph database that was originally released in 2012 to enable users to find connections among large data sets composed of billions of vertices and edges."[53]

Kinetic Open Storage Project

The Kinetic Open Storage Project is dedicated to creating an open source standard around Ethernet-enabled, key/value Kinetic devices for accessing their drives. By creating this standard, it expands the available ecosystem of software, hardware, and systems developers. The project is the result of an alliance including major hard drive manufacturers- Seagate, Toshiba and Western Digital- in addition to Cisco, Cleversafe, Dell, DigitalSense, NetApp, Open vStorage, Red Hat and Scality.[54]

JS Foundation

JS Foundation’s mission is to drive adoption and development of important JavaScript solutions and technology. The foundation works to facilitate collaboration within the JavaScript development community to "fost JavaScript applications and server-side projects by providing best practices and policies."[55]

Let's Encrypt

Let's Encrypt is a free and open certificate authority, run for the public’s benefit and provided by the Internet Security Research Group (ISRG). It was formed in response to the OpenSSL software bug, Heartbleed. The initiative makes HTTPS certificates free for both large and small sites, thanks to corporate and nonprofit donations. The project has reached many milestones since forming, including contributing to encrypted page loads jumping to 50% in one year. It had taken "20 years to get to 40%".[56]

Long Term Support Initiative

LTSI is a project created/supported by Hitachi, LG Electronics, NEC, Panasonic, Qualcomm Atheros, Renesas Electronics Corporation, Samsung Electronics, Sony and Toshiba, hosted at The Linux Foundation. It aims to maintain a common Linux base for use in a variety of consumer electronics products.

Node.js Foundation

Similar to The Linux Foundation's overall mission of encouraging widespread adoption of Linux and open source technology, The Node.js Foundation exists primarily to accelerate the development of the Node.js platform. The foundation also operates under an open governance model to heighten participation amongst vendors, developers, and the general Node.js community. It's structure gives enterprise users the assurance of "innovation and continuity without risk."[57] Since launching in 2015, the foundation has seen strong growth, resulting in new initiatives such as the Node Security Platform (a tool allowing continuous security monitoring for Node.js apps) and Node Interactive, "a series of professional conferences aimed at today's average Node.js user."[58] Node.js reports "3.5 million users and an annual growth rate of 100 percent"[59] and the foundation is among The Linux Foundation's fastest growing projects.

ODPi

ODPi provides specifications for Apache Hadoop runtime and operations, test suites, and reference implementations. The project abides by the Apache Software Foundation's role "in the development and governance of upstream projects." The project is the result of a rebranding of the Open Data Platform for Hadoop initiative.

ONOS

ONOS (Open Network Operating System) is an open source community with a mission of bringing the promise of software-defined networking (SDN) to communications service providers in order to make networks more agile for mobile and data center applications with better economics for both users and providers.

Open API Initiative (OAI)

OAI is committed to standardizing how REST APIs are described. SmartBear Software has donating the Swagger Specification directly to the initiative.[60]

OpenChain

OpenChain Project is centered around managing enterprise compliance in open source supply chains. Generally, the project is described as "a community effort to establish best practices for effective management of open source software compliance."[61]

Open Container Initiative

In 2015, Docker & CoreOS launched OCI in partnership with The Linux Foundation to create a set of industry standards in the open around container formats and runtime.[62]

OpenDaylight

OpenDaylight is the leading open SDN platform, which aims to accelerate the adoption of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) in service provider, enterprise and research networks.

Open Mainframe Project

The Open Mainframe Project aims to drive harmony across the mainframe community and to developed shared tool sets and resources.The project also endeavors to heighten participation of academic institutions in educating mainframe Linux engineers and developers.

OpenMAMA

OpenMAMA (Open Middleware Agnostic Messaging API) is a lightweight vendor-neutral integration layer for systems built on top of a variety of message orientated middlewares.

OpenSDS

OpenSDS is an open source software defined storage controller. As journalist Swapnil Bhartiya explained for CIO, it was formed to create "an industry response to address software-defined storage integration challenges with the goal of driving enterprise adoption of open standards." It’s supported by storage users/vendors, including Dell, Huawei, Fujitsu, HDS, Vodafone and Oregon State University.[63]

Open vSwitch

Originally created at Nicira before moving to VMWare (and eventually The Linux Foundation,) OvS is an open source virtual switch supporting standard management interfaces and protocols.[64]

ONAP

The Open Network Automation Platform is the result of OPEN-O and Open ECOMP projects merging in April 2017. The platform allows end users to design, manage, and automate services and virtual functions.

OPNFV

The Open Platform for Network Function Virtualization (NFV) "aims to be a carrier-grade, integrated platform that introduces new products and services to the industry more quickly."[65] In 2016, the project began an internship program, created a working group and an "End User Advisory Group" (founded by users & the board

PNDA

PNDA is a platform for scalable network analytics, rounding up data from "multiple sources on a network and works with Apache Spark to crunch the numbers in order to find useful patterns in the data more effectively."[66]

R Consortium

The R Consortium is dedicated to expanding the use of R language and developing it further. R Consortium works with the R Foundation and other organizations working to broaden the reach of the language. The consortium is supported by a collection of tech industry heavyweights including Mircosoft, IBM, Oracle, Google, and Esri.[67]

Real Time Linux

Real Time Linux has an overall goal of encouraging widespread adoption of Real Time. It was formed to coordinate efforts to mainline Preempt RT and assist maintainers in "continuing development work, long-term support and future research of RT."[68]

RethinkDB

After RethinkDB announced its shutdown as a business[69] The Linux Foundation announced that it had purchased the intellectual property under its Cloud Native Computing Foundation project, which was then relicensed under the Apache License (ASLv2).[70] RethinkDB describes itself as "the first open-source, scalable JSON database built from the ground up for the realtime web."[71]

SPDX

The Software Package Data eXchange (SPDX) project was started in 2010, to create a standard format for communicating the components, licenses and copyrights associated with software packages.[72] As part of the project, there is a team that currates the SPDX License List, which defines a list of identifiers for commonly found licenses and exceptions used for open source and other collaborative software.[73]

SNAS.io

Streaming Network Analytics System (project SNAS.io) is an open source framework to collect and track millions of routers, peers, prefixes (routing objects) in real time. SNAS.io is a Linux Foundation Project announced in May 2017.

Tizen

Tizen is a free and open-source, standards-based software platform supported by leading mobile operators, device manufacturers, and silicon suppliers for multiple device categories such as smartphones, tablets, netbooks, in-vehicle infotainment devices, and smart TVs.

TODO

TODO (Talk Openly, Develop Openly) is an open source collective housed under The Linux Foundation. It helps companies interested in open source collaborate better and more efficiently. TODO aims to reach companies and organizations that want to turn out the best open source projects and programs. "The TODO Group reaches across industries to collaborate with open source technical and business leaders to share best practices, tools and programs for building dependable, effective projects for the long term," said Jim Zemlin at Collaboration Summit 2016.[74]

Xen Project

The Xen Project team is a global open source community that develops the Xen Hypervisor, contributes to the Linux PVOPS framework, the Xen® Cloud Platform and Xen® ARM.

Yocto Project

The Yocto Project is an open source collaboration project that provides templates, tools and methods to help create custom Linux-based systems for embedded products regardless of the hardware architecture. It was founded in 2010 as a collaboration among many hardware manufacturers, open-source operating systems vendors, and electronics companies to bring some order to the chaos of embedded Linux development.

Zephyr

Zephyr is a small real-time operating system for connected, resource-constrained devices supporting multiple architectures. It is developed as an open source collaboration project and released under the Apache License 2.0. Zephyr became a project of the Linux Foundation in February 2016.

Community Stewardship

For the Linux kernel community, The Linux Foundation hosts their IT infrastructure and organizes conferences such as the Linux Kernel Summit and Linux Plumbers Conference. It also hosts a Technical Advisory Board made up of Linux kernel developers. One of these developers is appointed to sit on The Linux Foundation board.

Goodwill partnership

In January 2016, The Linux Foundation announced a partnership with Goodwill Central Texas to help hundreds of disadvantaged individuals from underserved communities and a variety of backgrounds get the training they need to start new and lucrative careers in Linux IT.[75]

Community Developer Travel Fund

To fund deserving developers to accelerate technical problem solving and collaboration in the open source community, The Linux Foundation launched the Community Developer Travel Fund.[76] Sponsorships are open to elite community developers with a proven track record of open source development achievement who cannot get funding to attend technical events from employers. Applications are available here.

Core Infrastructure Initiative

The Core Infrastructure Initiative (CII), a project managed by The Linux Foundation that enables technology companies, industry stakeholders and esteemed developers to collaboratively identify and fund critical open source projects in need of assistance. In June 2015, the organization announced financial support of nearly $500,000 for three new projects to better support critical security elements of the global information infrastructure.[77]

Open Compliance Program

The Linux Foundation's Open Compliance Program provides an array of programs for open source software compliance. The focus in this initiative is to educate and assist developers (and their companies) on license requirements in order to build programs without friction. "The program is primarily comprised of self-administered training modules, but there are also some automated tools being rolled out to help programmatically identify license compliance issues."[78]

Members

As of January 2017, there are more than 500 corporate members who identify with the ideals & mission of the Linux Foundation:[79]

  1. Platinum Members (12), who each donate US$500,000 annually, incl. (listed alphabetically) AT&T,[80] Cisco Systems, Fujitsu Ltd, Hitachi, Huawei, IBM Corp., Intel Corp., Microsoft Corp., NEC Corp., Oracle Corp., Qualcomm Innovation Center Inc., Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd
  2. Gold Members (19), who each donate US$100,000 annually, incl. (listed alphabetically) Accenture, Citrix Systems, Doky, Ebay, EMC, Facebook, Google, Mazda, NetApp, Panasonic, PlumGrid, Renesas, Seagate, Suse, Symantec, Toshiba, Toyota, Verizon Terremark, VMware[81]
  3. Silver Members (244), who each donate US$5,000-20,000 (scaling with number of employees) annually, e.g. (listed alphabetically) Adobe, ADP, Advanced Telematic, Agenda, Aisin Aw, AliCloud, AllGo, AllWinner, Alps, Altera, Amarula Solutions, Amazon, AMD, Amihan Global Strategies, Apcera, AppFormix, Apprenda, ARM, Atlassian, Autodesk, Avi Networks, Axis, BayLibre, Barefoot Networks, BasysKom, Bell Canada, Bitdefender, Bitnami, BlackDuck, BMC, Borqs, Bosch, Broadcom, Bromium, CA Technologies, Calastone, Calix, Canonical, CapitalOne, Cavium, Centrify, China Mobile, China Merchants Bank, China Telecom, Cinemo, Cirrus Logic, Cleversafe, Cloudbase Solutions, Cloudify, CloudLinux, CloudSoft, Cluster HQ, CME Group, Codethink, Collabora, Comcast Cable, Compuware, Concurrent, Container Solutions, ContainerShip, Core OS, Endpoint Protector, Credativ, Cumulus, Data Centred, Data Kinetics, Datawise.o, Datto, Daynix, Deis, Dell, Denso, Denx, DigitalOcean, Docker, DreamHost, DreamWorks Studios, DTCC, EasyStack, Eldarion, ENEA, Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute|ETRI, Ericsson, Eureka, Exablox, Exoscale, Fluendo, FOSSter, Foxt, Fuji Heavy Industries, Fusion-Io, GenyMobile, GitHub, GlobalLogic, Goldman Sachs, Harman, Hi Corp., Honda, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HSA Foundation, Igalia, Iguaz.io, IIX, Imagination, Infoblox, Innovium, Intrinsyc, Ishi Systems, Land Rover - Jaguar, Joyent, J.P. Morgan, JVC-Kenwood, Kinvolk, Kismatic, Knowles, Konsulko Group, Kontena, Kyup, Kubique, Lenovo, LG, Linaro, LinBit, Lineo Solutions, Linutronix, Linux Professional Institute, LiveWyer, LMAX Echange, MariaDB, mcCloudWare, Mediatek, Meinberg, Mellanox, MentorGraphics, Mesosphere, MetaSwitch, Metaswitch Networks, Meyer Sound, Microchip, Micron, Micware, Millenium, Miracle, Mitsubishi Electric, Monax, National Instruments, NCSoft, NexB, Nexenta, Next Thing Co., Nextiva, Nginx, NIpa, Nissan, Nokia, NTT, NTTData, Nutanix, Nvidia, NXP, OSSystems, OrangeFS, OpenLogic, OpenSynergy, Open vStorage, SADL, OwnCloud, Palamida, Paxos, PayPal, Pelagicore, Pinterest, Pioneer, Pivotal, Plansys, Plexistor, Polyverse, Portworx, Produban, Proxmox, The Qt Company, Rackspace, Raisecom, Rancher, Rausch Netzwerktechnik, Red Hat, Resin.io, Restlet, Ricoh, Robin, RUsBITech, RX-M, Sampo Software, SanDisk, SAP SE, Savoir-Faire Linux, Scality, Scalock, SELTECH, Serenata Flowers, sgi, Siemens, Sine Nomine Associates, SmartBear, Solace Systems, Solarflare, Sony, Soramitsu, SR Labs, StorageOS, Suntec, Supernap, SwiftStack, Symbio, Symphony Teleca, Synopsys, Sysdig, Target, Tech Mahindra, Texas Instruments, ThunderSoft, Tick42, TimeSys, Toyotsu Electronics, Travelping, Treasure Data, Tuxera, Twistlock, Twitter, Univa, VALVe, Vicom Infinity, Virtual Open Systems, Wercker, Western Digital, Williams Garcia, Wind, Witekio, Witz Corporation, Deepin, Xilinx, Yahoo!, ZTE
  4. Affiliates (7): Clemson, Fondazione Inuit, Konkuk University, NXT, Seneca, Zhejang University, Trace

Members of the foundation's board of directors are elected by corporate members (higher-paying members electing more directors). Membership was also open to individuals (enabling them to collectively elect two directors and individually run for one of those two seats) until January 2016, when those provisions were eliminated. Individuals can now only be "supporters".[82][83]

Funding

Its funding comes primarily from its Platinum Members: Cisco Systems, Microsoft, Fujitsu, HP, IBM, Intel, NEC, Oracle, Qualcomm, and Samsung and for many years Hitachi.[84] These nine each having a representative on the Board of Directors, they hold a majority on the 16-person board.[85]

As of April 2014, the foundation collects annual fees worth at least 6,245,000 USD:

Events

The Linux Foundation events are where the creators, maintainers and practitioners of the most important open source projects meet. Linux Foundation events in 2015 attracted nearly 15,000 developers, maintainers, system administrators, thought leaders, business executives and other industry professionals from more than 3,100 organizations across 85 countries. Many open source projects also co-locate their events at The Linux Foundation events to take advantage of the cross-community collaboration with projects in the same industry.

Planned 2016 events will cover various trends in open source, including Big Data, cloud native applications, containers, IoT, networking, security, and more.

  • Enterprise End User Summit
  • Linux Security Summit
  • TIZEN Developer Summit
  • TIZEN Developer Conference
  • Open Compliance Summit
  • Enterprise Users Meeting
  • Collaboration Summit
  • AllSeen Alliance Summit
  • OPNFV Summit
  • Linux Security Summit
  • Linux Plumbers Conference
  • Open Daylight Summit
  • Xen Project Developer Summit
  • Xen Project User Summit
  • The Annual Linux Kernel Summit
  • Korea Linux Forum
  • CloudStack Days
  • MesosCon
  • KVM Forum
  • ContainerCon
  • Automotive Linux Summit
  • CloudOpen
  • LinuxCon
  • ApacheCon
  • Embedded Linux Conference cf.[86]
  • Android Builders Summit
  • VAULT Linux Storage and Filesystem Conference

References

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  2. ↑ "Membership | The Linux Foundation". www.linuxfoundation.org. Retrieved 2017-03-09.
  3. ↑ Bort, Julie (2012-11-05). "Hewlett-Packard Plunks Down $500,000 To Help Linux—And Maybe Send Microsoft A Signal". Business Insider. Retrieved 2013-11-13.
  4. ↑ "Microsoft—yes, Microsoft—joins the Linux Foundation". Retrieved 22 June 2017.
  5. ↑ Latif, Lawrence (2012-06-06). "Samsung takes a seat with Intel and IBM at the Linux Foundation". The Inquirer. Retrieved 2013-11-13.
  6. ↑ "Collaboration - The Linux Foundation". www.linuxfoundation.org. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
  7. ↑ "Protect - The Linux Foundation". www.linuxfoundation.org. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
  8. ↑ "LSB Wiki - The Linux Foundation". www.linuxfoundation.org. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
  9. ↑ "LPI Linux Essentials Practice Questions - Pass LPI Linux Essentials". www.selftesttraining.com. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
  10. ↑ "How The Linux Foundation Goes Beyond the Operating System to Create the Largest Shared Resource of Open-Source Technology - HostingAdvice.com". HostingAdvice.com. 2017-02-01. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  11. ↑ "OSDL". The Free Dictionary.
  12. ↑ "Linux lab lands Torvalds". CNET. Retrieved 2016-04-14.
  13. ↑ Lohr, Steve (2007-01-22). "Group Formed to Support Linux as Rival to Windows". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-04-14.
  14. ↑ Proffitt, Brian (2011-09-11). "Linux.com, Linux Foundation Sites Breached". ITworld. Retrieved 2013-06-29.
  15. ↑ "Openprinting down due to hack at the linux foundation | Daniel Dressler". Danieru.com. 2011-10-13. Retrieved 2013-06-29.
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  17. ↑ "Linux Foundation to offer introductory Linux MOOC on edX". PCWorld. Retrieved 2016-03-10.
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  46. ↑ "About - The DiaMon Workgroup". diamon.org. Retrieved 2017-04-27.
  47. ↑ "DPDK Boosts Packet Processing, Performance, and Throughput". Intel. Retrieved 2017-04-27.
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  84. ↑ These are the "Platinum Members", paying US$500,000 per year according to Schedule A in LF's bylaws. That's US$4 million. The Gold Members contribute a combined total of US$1.6, and smaller members less again.
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  86. ↑ "Embedded Linux Conference home". www.embeddedlinuxconference.com. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
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