Pope Clement II

Pope Clement II

Papacy began	25 December 1046
Papacy ended	9 October 1047
Predecessor	Gregory VI
Successor	Benedict IX
Personal details
Birth name	Suidger von Morsleben
Born	Hornburg, Lower Saxony, Holy Roman Empire
Died	9 October 1047 Pesaro, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire
Other popes named Clement

Pope Clement II (Latin: Clemens II; born Suidger von Morsleben; died 9 October 1047), was Pope from 25 December 1046 until his death in 1047. He was the first in a series of reform-minded popes from Germany.

Life

Born in Hornburg, Lower Saxony, Germany, he was the son of Count Konrad of Morsleben and Hornburg and his wife Amulrad.

In 1040, he became Bishop of Bamberg. In 1046, he accompanied King Henry III on his campaign to Italy and in December, participated in the Council of Sutri, which deposed former Popes Benedict IX and Sylvester III and persuaded Pope Gregory VI to resign. King Henry nominated Suidger for the papacy and the council elected him. Suidger took the name Clement II. Immediately after his election, King Henry and the new Pope moved to Rome, where Clement crowned Henry III as Holy Roman Emperor.

Clement II's short pontificate, starting with the Roman synod of 1047, initiated an improvement in the state of affairs within the Roman Church, particularly by enacting decrees against simony. A dispute for precedence among the Sees of Ravenna, Milan, and Aquileia was settled in favour of Ravenna.

Clement's election was later criticized by the reform party within the papal curia due to the royal involvement and the fact that the new Pope was already bishop of another diocese. Contrary to later practice, Clement kept his old see, governing both Rome and Bamberg simultaneously.

Clement accompanied the Emperor in a triumphal progress through southern Italy and placed Benevento under an interdict for refusing to open its gates to them. Proceeding with Henry to Germany, he canonized Wiborada, a nun of St. Gall, martyred by the Hungarians in 925. On his way back to Rome, he died near Pesaro on 9 October 1047.^[1] His corpse was transferred back to Bamberg, which he had loved dearly, and interred in the western choir of the Bamberg Cathedral. His is the only tomb of a Pope north of the Alps.

A toxicologic examination of his remains in the mid-20th century confirmed centuries-old rumors that the Pope had been poisoned with lead sugar.^[2] It is not clear, however, whether he was murdered or whether the lead sugar was used as medicine.

References

↑ http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios996-ii.htm#Morsleben
↑ Specht W and Fischer K (1959). Vergiftungsnachweis an den Resten einer 900 Jahre alten Leiche. Arch. Kriminol., 124: 61–84. [Translation:Intoxication evidence in the remains of a 900-year-old corpse]

Bibliography

Dechant, Alfons; Göller, Luitgar (1997). Clemens II., der Papst aus Bamberg: 24. Dezember 1046 - 9. Oktober 1047 (in German). Bamberg: St.-Otto-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-87693-078-7.
Dolley, M. (1969). "Some Neglected Evidence from Irish Chronicles Concerning the Alleged Poisoning of Pope Clement II," Frühmittelalterliche Studien 3, 1969, pp. 343-46.
Gresser, Georg (2007). Clemens II.: der erste deutsche Reformpapst (in German). Paderborn: Schöningh. ISBN 978-3-506-76329-7.
Mann, Horace K. (1902). The lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages Volume V (London, K. Paul, Trench, Trübner, & co.), pp. 270-285.
Migne, J.-P., ed. (1880). Patrologiae cursus completus, Series Latina (in Latin). Tomus CXLII (142). Paris: apud Garnier fratres, apud J.-P. Migne. pp. 577–590.
Timmel, R. (1982). "Bischof Suidger von Bamberg - Papst Clemens II., † 1047," Fränkische Lebensbilder 10, 1982, pp. 1-19.
Zimmermann, G. (1980). "Bischof Suidger von Bamberg - Papst Clemens II.," in: Sorge um den Menschen. Festschrift zum 25jährigen Bischofsjubiläum von Alterzbischof Joseph Schneider, (ed. H.G. Röhrig) Bamberg 1980, pp. 125-135.

External links

Laqua, Hans Peter (2000). "Clemente II" Enciclopedia dei papi (Treccani 2000).

Wikisource has original works written by or about:
Clement II

Catholic Encyclopedia, "Pope Clement II" (1913).

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Clemens II..

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Preceded by Gregory VI	Pope 1046–1047	Succeeded by Benedict IX

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