Claude's syndrome

Claude's syndrome
Classification and external resources
Specialty	neurology
ICD-10	G46.3
ICD-9-CM	352.6
DiseasesDB	33869
MeSH	D020526

Claude's syndrome is a form of brainstem stroke syndrome characterized by the presence of an ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy, contralateral hemiparesis, contralateral ataxia, and contralateral hemiplegia of the lower face, tongue, and shoulder. Claude's syndrome affects oculomotor nerve, red nucleus and brachium conjunctivum^[1]

Cause and presentation

Human brainstem blood supply description. Posterior cerebral artery is #6, and midbrain is behind it.

Claude's syndrome is caused by midbrain infarction as a result of occlusion of a branch of the posterior cerebral artery.^[2] This lesion is usually a unilateral infarction of the red nucleus and cerebral peduncle, affecting several structures in the midbrain including:

Structure damaged	Effect
dentatorubral tract fibers	contralateral ataxia
corticospinal tract fibers	contralateral hemiparesis
corticobulbar tract fibers	contralateral hemiplegia of lower facial muscles, tongue, and shoulder
oculomotor nerve fibers	ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy with a drooping eyelid and fixed wide pupil pointed down and out; probable diplopia

It is very similar to Benedikt's syndrome.

It has been reported that posterior cerebral artery stenosis can also precipitate Claude's syndrome.^[3]

It carries the name of Henri Charles Jules Claude, a French psychiatrist and neurologist, who described the condition in 1912.^[4]

↑ Harrison's
↑ "Claude's syndrome". GPnotebook.
↑ Dhanjal T, Walters M, MacMillan N (2003). "Claude's syndrome in association with posterior cerebral artery stenosis". Scottish Medical Journal. 48 (3): 91–92. PMID 12968516. Archived from the original on 2007-06-12.
↑ Claude H, Loyez M (1912). "Ramollissement du noyau rouge". Rev Neurol (Paris). 24: 49–51.

TACI, PACI	precerebral: Carotid artery stenosis cerebral: MCA ACA Amaurosis fugax Moyamoya disease
POCI	precerebral: Anterior spinal artery syndrome Vertebrobasilar insufficiency Subclavian steal syndrome brainstem: medulla Medial medullary syndrome Lateral medullary syndrome pons Medial pontine syndrome/Foville's Lateral pontine syndrome/Millard-Gubler midbrain Weber's Benedikt Claude's cerebral: PCA Lacunar stroke Dejerine–Roussy syndrome cerebellar
General	cerebral: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis CADASIL Binswanger's disease Transient global amnesia

Extra-axial	Epidural Subdural Subarachnoid
Cerebral/Intra-axial	Intraventricular
Brainstem	Duret haemorrhage

Other/general

Medulla (CN 8, 9, 10, 12)	Lateral medullary syndrome/Wallenberg PICA Medial medullary syndrome/Dejerine ASA
Pons (CN 5, 6, 7, 8)	Upper dorsal pontine syndrome/Raymond Céstan syndrome Lateral pontine syndrome (AICA) (lateral) Medial pontine syndrome/Millard-Gubler syndrome/Foville's syndrome(basilar) Locked-in syndrome Internuclear ophthalmoplegia One and a half syndrome
Midbrain (CN 3, 4)	Weber's syndrome ventral peduncle, PCA Benedikt syndrome ventral tegmentum, PCA Parinaud's syndrome dorsal, tumor Nothnagel's syndrome Claude's syndrome
Other	Alternating hemiplegia

Other

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.