Circles of Reformist Initiative

The Circles of Reformist Initiative (Circoli di Iniziativa Riformista) was a social-democratic faction within Forza Italia, a political party in Italy.

Its members were mainly former members of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI), a centrist social-democratic party which has been a minor but influent political force in Italy between 1947 and 1994, and its leader was Senator Carlo Vizzini, former minister and leader of PSDI. The goal of the faction was to unite all the members of Forza Italia who come from either that party or the Italian Socialist Party (PSI). When Forza Italia was merged into The People of Freedom in 2009, Vizzini launched European Reformists, a social-democratic think tank, that replaced the Circles.

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