Choker

Black ribbon used as a choker

A choker is a close-fitting necklace worn around the neck. Chokers can be made of a variety of materials, including velvet, plastic, beads, leather, metal, such as silver, gold or platinum, etc. They can be adorned in a variety of ways, including with sequins, studs, or a pendant.

History

Gold choker necklaces were crafted by Sumerian artisans around 2500 BC and according to curators from the Jewelry Museum of Fine Arts[1], chokers have been around for thousands of years, first gracing the world’s earliest civilizations: Ancient Egypt, in addition to the Sumerians in Mesopotamia. Often made with gold or lapis, the necklaces were thought to be protective and imbued with special powers.

Chokers were also later worn in the First Century A.D. They are mentioned in the Talmud, book Shabbat, chapter 6[2] as a common women's accessory.

Historically, it was associated with high fashion, but could take on different meanings under different circumstances. In 1798, during the French Revolution, women wore red ribbons around their necks to pay homage to those who met their death at the guillotine. The ribbon could be worn around the neck, or another fashion came in the form of an X around the shoulders and back.[3]

Ballerinas and the upper class in the late 19th century commonly wore certain types of chokers. However, at that same time, the late 19th century, a plain, thin, red or black ribbon choker had ties to prostitution, as seen in Manet's Olympia (1861). A plain black woven choker or ribbon could signify secret lesbianism in the Depression era.[4]

The 19th century fashion for broad Chokers reached its peak around 1900 in part due to Queen Alexandra of the United Kingdom wearing one to hide a small scar.[5] Chokers were popular into the 1920s and again in the '40s as colliers de chien.[6] In particular, the term dog collars or colliers de chien catches on, and these designs – incorporating luxe diamonds, pearls, lace, and velvet – can be seen as objects of the elite because the best kinds were custom-made to fit one's neck perfectly.[7] In 1944, reviving the trend, choker as seen in Life magazine.[8]

Modern fashion

In recent years chokers have been popular with a number of celebrities including Gwyneth Paltrow who wore one to the 1999 Academy Awards. Paris Hilton wore three inches of Swarovski around her neck in 2002.[9] Rihanna has also been featured wearing chokers.[10] Kendall Jenner, an American fashion model wears chokers of many mixed materials.[11]

References

  1. ↑ Graff, Michelle (31 March 2016). "The History Behind … The Choker". National Jeweler. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  2. ↑ Shabbos, beginning of chapter 6
  3. ↑ "Decollete". blastmilk.com. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  4. ↑ Aldrich, Robert (2006). Gay Life & Culture: A World History. p. 212.
  5. ↑ Phillips, Clare (1996). Jewelry from Antiquity to the Present. Thames and Hudson. p. 156. ISBN 0500202877.
  6. ↑ Garber, Megan (10 October 2016). "The Long (and Short) History of the Choker". The Atlantic. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
  7. ↑ "How Much Do You Know About Necklace Styles?". The Spruce. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  8. ↑ Garber, Megan. "The Long (and Short) History of the Choker". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  9. ↑ "Paris Hilton, 2002". The Cut. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  10. ↑ "How to Rock the Choker With Sophisticated Cool Like Rihanna". Vogue. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  11. ↑ "Kendall Jenner Is So Over This One Trend". InStyle.com. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
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