Chinese sausage

Dried Chinese sausages

Dried Chinese sausages
Alternative names lap cheong, lap chong
Course Sausage
Place of origin China
Main ingredients fresh pork or liver
Cookbook: Dried Chinese sausages  Media: Dried Chinese sausages
Chinese sausage
preserved sausage
Traditional Chinese 臘腸
Simplified Chinese 腊肠
Literal meaning preserved sausage
liver sausage
Traditional Chinese 膶腸
Simplified Chinese 膶肠
Literal meaning liver sausage
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese lạp xưởng
Thai name
Thai กุนเชียง  [kūn t͡ɕʰīa̯ŋ]
RTGS kun chiang

Chinese sausage is a generic term referring to the many different types of sausages originating in China. The southern flavor of Chinese sausage is commonly known by its Cantonese name 'lap ceung' (or 'lap chong') (simplified Chinese: 腊肠; traditional Chinese: 臘腸; pinyin: làcháng; Jyutping: laap6 coeng2; Cantonese Yale: laahp chéung).

Varieties

There is a choice of fatty or lean sausages. There are different kinds ranging from those made using fresh pork to those made using pig livers, duck livers and even turkey livers. Usually a sausage made with liver will be darker in color than one made without liver. Recently, there have even been countries producing chicken Chinese sausages. Traditionally they are classified into two main types. It is sometimes rolled and steamed in dim sum.

Chinese sausages drying

Regional

Short Cantonese dried sausages

Southern China and Hong Kong

Chinese sausage is used as an ingredient in quite a number of dishes in the southern Chinese provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Hunan, and also Hong Kong. Sichuan sausage also contains red chili powder, Sichuan pepper powder, and Pixian bean sauce, to characterise the sausage with a special flavour. Two common examples of such dishes include fried rice and lo mai gai (糯米雞). The traditional unpackaged forms are usually found in street markets or wet markets.

Wing Wah is a famous Hong Kong company that produces Chinese sausages.

Northern China

Smoked sausages from Harbin

In northeast China, especially Heilongjiang's largest city Harbin, a popular regional speciality is smoked savory red sausage (simplified Chinese: 红肠; traditional Chinese: 紅腸; pinyin: hóng cháng) similar to Lithuanian and German sausages and mild Russian sausages with more "European" flavours than other Chinese sausages. It was first manufactured in March 1909 by Lithuanian staff in a Russian-capitalized factory named Churin Sausage Factory, located in Harbin's Daoli District.[2] Harbin-style sausage subsequently became popular in China, especially in northern regions.[3] A sweeter dried version similar to southern Chinese sausages is also produced.

Vietnam

In Vietnamese, Chinese sausage is called lạp xưởng or lạp xường. It has been incorporated into a variety of dishes from simple omelets to more complex main courses. Due to the salty taste of the sausages, they are used in moderation with other ingredients to balance the flavor. The sausages are made from pork (lạp xưởng heo) or chicken (lạp xưởng gà), the latter of which yields a leaner taste.

Myanmar

In Burmese, the sausage is called either kyet u gyaung (chicken sausage; ၾကက္အူေခ်ာင္း) or wet u gyaung (pork sausage; ဝက္အူေခ်ာင္း). The sausages made in Myanmar are more meaty and compact compared to those in Singapore or China. They are usually used in fried rice and along with fried vegetables, mostly cabbage.

Philippines

Chinese Sausage Chow Pao with Egg (Chowking).

In the Philippines, Chinese sausage is more popularly known as tsorisong Macau (Spanish: chorizo de Macao), with the Spanish-influenced one called tsorisong Bilbao (chorizo de Bilbao). It is used in Chinese-derived dishes such as pancit Cantón and Siopao Bola-bola, among others.

Singapore

Singapore produces innovative Chinese sausages that are healthier than the traditional variety. Examples include low-fat, low-sodium, and high-fibre Chinese sausages.[4][5]

Taiwan

Taiwan also produces a similar form of sausage; however, they are rarely dried in the manner of Cantonese sausages. The fat and meat may be emulsified, and a larger amount of sugar may be used, yielding a sweeter taste. These sausages are usually produced by local butchers and sold at markets or made directly at home. This variant of Chinese sausage is known as xiangchang (香腸) in Mandarin Chinese, literally meaning fragrant sausage.

Thailand

Yam kun chiang, a Thai salad made with la chang

In Thai, Chinese sausage is called gun chiang (Thai: กุนเชียง) after its name in the Teochew dialect (kwan chiang in Teochew), the dominant Chinese language within the Thai Chinese community. It is used in several Chinese dishes by the sizeable Thai Chinese community, and also in some Thai dishes such as yam kun chiang, a Thai salad made with this sausage. There is also Chinese sausage made with snakehead fish (pla chon; Thai: ปลาช่อน).

Outside Asia

Chinese sausages are generally available in Asian supermarkets outside Asia, mostly in a vacuum-packaged form, although some Chinese groceries sell the unpackaged varieties as well. These tend to be made locally; for example, many of the Chinese sausages sold in Canada are produced by a number of manufacturers based in Vancouver and Toronto. Lap cheong is also a very popular sausage in Hawaii due to large numbers of Chinese in Hawaii who have incorporated it into local cuisine.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sausages of China.

References

  1. ↑ CNN Go 40 Hong Kong foods we can't live without 13 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-09
  2. ↑ 胡英男 (29 September 2011). "Bǎinián hā'ěrbīn hóng cháng fāzhǎn shǐ" 百年哈尔滨红肠发展史 [Development History of Harbin Red Sausage]. www.my399.com. 哈尔滨新闻网. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
  3. ↑ "31 dishes: A guide to China's regional specialties". CNN Travel. Retrieved 3 March 2014.
  4. ↑ Low Fat Sausages - Singapore Polytechnic.
  5. ↑ Shitake Sausages - Singapore Polytechnic.
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