FAW Group

FAW Group Corporation
第一汽车集团
State-owned enterprise
Industry Automotive
Founded July 15, 1953 (Changchun)
Headquarters Changchun, Jilin, China
Key people
 Xu Liuping (Chairman)[1]
Xu Xianping (President)[2]
Products Automobiles
Buses
Trucks
Automotive components
Revenue RMB 292.7 billion (2010)[3]
Number of employees
 132,000 (2007)
Divisions Besturn
Hongqi
Oley
Subsidiaries
Website FAW.com
FAW Group
Simplified Chinese 第一汽车集团
Traditional Chinese 第一汽車集團
Literal meaning First Automobile Group

FAW Group Corporation is a Chinese state-owned automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Changchun, Jilin, China.[4] Its principal products are automobiles; buses; light, medium, and heavy-duty trucks;[5] and auto parts.[6] FAW became China's first automobile manufacturer when it unveiled the nation's first domestically produced passenger car, the Hong Qi, in 1958.[7]

FAW is one of the "Big Four" Chinese automakers alongside Changan Automobile, Dongfeng Motor, and SAIC Motor.[8] In 2014, the company ranked third in terms of output making 2.7 million whole vehicles.[9]

The company has three publicly traded subsidiaries: FAW Car Co., Ltd. (SZSE: 000800), Tianjin FAW Xiali Automobile Co., Ltd. (SZSE: 000927), and Changchun FAWAY Automobile Components Co., Ltd. (SSE: 600742).

History

FAW Group Corporation Main Building
First Automobile Works' first products
A FAW semi-trailer truck in China
A FAW V2 on display at the 2012 Montevideo Motor Show

In 1953, the first year of the first five-year plan,[10] First Automobile Works broke ground on its first factory[5] although it didn't produce its first product, the 4-ton Jie Fang CA-10 truck (based on the Russian ZIS-150), until 1956.[11]

Soviet Russia lent assistance during these early years providing technical support, tooling, and production machinery.[10] Before its first factory opened, 39 Chinese FAW employees traveled to the Stalin Truck Factory for instruction in truck production.[11] Operations were conducted in the Soviet mold, and Russia is even credited with choosing Changchun as the location for the first FAW vehicle-manufacturing facility.[12] The city boasted an industrial base left over from Japanese occupation and, situated in northeastern China, is near Russia.[13]

First Automobile Works initially made only commercial trucks[5] but started producing passenger cars in 1958.[11] These vehicles, the Hong Qi luxury sedans, were the first domestically produced Chinese automobiles.[11] Only for party elite, the design changed little over their thirty-year production run.[14] Following this, FAW's Audi products are the traditionally favored choice for ranking Chinese state officials.[15] These Audis are, alongside Beijing Benz Mercedes Benzes some of the only Western luxury cars to have gained popularity in the Chinese market.[16]

In 1992, the name First Automobile Works was changed to China FAW Group Corporation.[17]

Though FAW was the fourth Chinese automaker to take on Western partners, its early joint venture with Volkswagen in 1990 saw it become the second Chinese auto company to develop a strong cooperative relationship with a foreign counterpart. SAIC was the first, in 1984 and also with VW.[18] Other, failed foreign-Chinese joint ventures preceding FAW-VW are what is now Beijing Benz (with US partner AMC) and the failed Guangzhou Peugeot Automobile Company.[19]

Volkswagen was the first foreign partner for FAW, but others soon followed. The company acquired 50% ownership of Tianjin Automotive Xiali in September, 2002, and renamed the brand FAW Tianjin.[20] As a result, FAW ended up with Toyota as a foreign joint venture partner.[21] FAW established a joint venture with General Motors in 2009[22] and has joint ventures with a handful of other foreign companies as well.

The company produced more than 1.5 million vehicles in 2008, and in 2009 it was the largest machinery corporation and the second largest auto manufacturer in China.[23] In 2010, the 2.56 million units sold made it the third most-productive vehicle maker in China that year, and one of its offerings, the FAW Xiali, was the 7th most-purchased car in China in 2010.[24] It produced 2.6 million vehicles in 2011, the third-largest output of any China-based company.[25] While it retained its third place rank, the number of whole vehicles produced in 2012 slowed to 2.3 million.[26] Passenger cars made up a relatively scant 64% of total production that year.[26]

Brands

Besturn B50 Facelift
A Haima 3

FAW sells products under at least ten different brands including its own. The following is an incomplete list.

Its foreign joint ventures also manufacture the following brands for sale in the Chinese market:

A FAW-built Audi 100

Products

Besturn

FAW

Haima

Hongqi

Junpai

Oley

Tianjin

Tianjin Xiali

Subsidiaries and divisions

FAW has at least 28 wholly owned subsidiaries and controlling shares in 18 partially owned subsidiaries. These include the wholly owned subsidiaries FAW Jie Fang Truck Co Ltd and FAW Bus and Coach Co Ltd, the foreign joint venture FAW-Volkswagen Automobile Co Ltd, and the publicly traded FAW Car Co Ltd, Tianjin FAW Xiali Automobile Co Ltd, and Changchun FAWAY Automobile Components Co Ltd.[5]

Unit/year production capacity figures may consider engines and whole vehicles as discrete. The following is an incomplete list.

The 9th Industrial Machinery Design and Research Institute

A wholly owned subsidiary since 1958, this institute is responsible for production base design.[36]

Chengdu FAW Automobile Co Ltd

Becoming a partially owned subsidiary in 2002 after the acquisition of the Sichuan Bus Company,[37] FAW was able to retain this company's cooperative effort with Toyota, and, as of 2003, Chengdu FAW Automobile Co Ltd produces Huaxi brand light and medium buses, spare parts, and the Toyota Land Cruiser Prado.[37]

Dalian Diesel Engine Co

In 1986, 35 years after its inception, this company became a wholly owned subsidiary of FAW.[38] It produces engines for commercial trucks, construction equipment, and agricultural machinery.[39]

A Besturn B70 produced by FAW Car Company
FAW Car Co Ltd

Created in 1997 from the merger of Changchun Gear Factory, the FAW No. 2 Engine Factory, the FAW No. 2 Car Factory, and the former FAW No. 1 Car Factory,[40] this publicly listed subsidiary, as of 2003, produces a Hong Qi luxury sedan, other car models, transmissions,[40] and engines.[41] It has a production base in western Changchun, Jilin province.[42]

FAW Forging Co Ltd

Producing die and hand-forged auto parts, this subsidiary was established on 31 May 2000.[43]

FAW Bus and Coach
FAW-GM Light Duty Commercial Vehicle Co Ltd

A joint venture with General Motors that mainly produces Jie Fang light-duty trucks,[44] this JV includes the Harbin Light Vehicle and FAW Hongta Yunnan factories.[45]

FAW Foundry Co Ltd

This wholly owned subsidiary produces cast auto parts including engine blocks.[46]

FAW Hainan Automobile Co Ltd

Operating the southernmost FAW production base,[33] it has manufactured license-built Mazdas since 1990.[47]

FAW Hongta Yunnan Automobile Co Ltd

Created in 1997 when FAW purchased a controlling interest in Hongta Yunnan Automobile Co Ltd, this subsidiary company, as of 2003, produces 1/2-3 ton pickups and light trucks as well as license-built Daihatsu models.[48] This factory was included in the FAW-GM Light Duty Commercial Vehicle joint venture.[45]

FAW Import and Export Corporation (FAWIE)

Established as a subsidiary in 1984, FAWIE is the international sales and marketing division of FAW Group.[49] Overseas joint ventures and technical cooperation with foreign countries are also within its remit.[49] This subsidiary has established overseas production facilities in Pakistan, South Africa, Tanzania, Ukraine, Vietnam, and Russia.[50]

FAW Jilin Automobile Co Ltd

Founded in 1980, this company became a wholly owned subsidiary of FAW Group in either 1987[51] or March 1991.[52] It manufactures compact trucks and buses originally based on Suzukis. More recently, Jilin participated in a five-year-long joint venture with Daihatsu.[53]

FAW Jie Fang Truck Co Ltd
A FAW Jie Fang truck

Established as a subsidiary on 18 January 2003, it is a producer of medium and heavy trucks. With two subsidiaries of its own, Qingdao Truck Division and FAW Trading Company,[54] it is one make of Jie Fang branded trucks.[54] As of 2003, FAW Jie Fang Truck utilizes production lines dating from 1956.[54]

FAW Passenger Vehicle Co

As of 2012, this company has two factories and some of the products it produces carry the Oley brand.[31]

FAW Jiaxin Heat Treatment and Electroplate Technology Co Ltd

This wholly owned subsidiary designs and manufactures complete heat treatment and electroplating systems.[55]

FAW Qiming Information Technology Co Ltd

Established in 2000, this subsidiary company is responsible for GPS research and development, business development, sales and marketing, after sales support, and system integration.[56] A vehicle-monitoring division of its GPS research & development arm used a system purchased from Avaya to, "monitor over 3,000 vehicles throughout China".[56]

FAW Sihuan Automotive Co Ltd

Established in 1997, this part-owned subsidiary designs, produces, and markets medium and heavy truck bodies, wheels, and components for both FAW and other manufacturers.[57] Its joint venture with Johnson Controls, Changchun Fawer-Johnson Controls Automotive Systems Co Ltd, produces a wide range of interior components including automotive seats and trim.[57]

A FAW Vita produced by FAW Tianjin
FAW Tianjin Xiali Automobile Co Ltd

Founded in 1968, this subsidiary manufactures compact cars and since 2002 has had a joint venture with Toyota Motor Corporation, Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd.[58]

FAW Tool Co Ltd

This wholly owned subsidiary specializes in development and production of non-standard tools for automotive manufacture.[59]

FAW Tool and Die Co Ltd

Manufacturing automotive dies is the main responsibility of this wholly owned subsidiary.[59]

The Harbin Light Vehicle Factory

Established in 1965, this FAW Group subsidiary made military vehicles until partnering with FAW in the 1990s.[60] It has since produced pickups, Jie Fang trucks, and mini-vehicles (small trucks and vans that see commercial use).[60] This factory was included in the FAW-GM Light Duty Commercial Vehicle joint venture.[45]

Production bases and facilities

FAW has production bases located in 14 provinces throughout China[4] including the provinces of Guangdong,[61] Hainan,[5] Heilongjiang,[5] Jilin,[5] Liaoning,[62] Shandong,[5] Sichuan,[5] and Yunnan.[5] Non-provincial locales include Pudong[32] and Tianjin.[5]

Changchun

FAW headquarters are located in Changchun, Jilin province, and operations here include an R&D and test center.[63] Additionally, FAW has two production bases here—one produces for the FAW-Volkswagen joint venture and the other makes self-branded autos.[64]

Chengdu

An unfinished production base in the Longquan Economic Development Zone in Chengdu, Sichuan province, replaces an older Sichuan base and will produce passenger cars for a FAW-Toyota joint venture, Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd, when it is completed in 2010.[65]

FAW Jie Fang Truck Co Ltd also has a production base here.[32]

Another site in Chengdu produces cars for FAW-Volkswagen,[66] and a second VW production base is, as of 2009, scheduled to be built in the city.[67]

Dalian

A Hybrid electric bus produced by FAW Bus and Coach Co Ltd in Dalian

The Dalian division of FAW Bus and Coach Co Ltd manufactures Jie Fang and Yuan Zheng brand medium and large-size buses in a production base in Dalian, Liaoning province.[34] An unfinished bus production base in at the Dalian Economic & Technological Development Zone is expected to be complete in mid-2010 and will produce hybrid buses.[62]

Another Dalian base produces engines for commercial trucks, construction equipment, and agricultural machinery.[39]

Foshan

As of 2010, 150,000 units/year production capacity FAW-VW production base will soon be built in this Guangdong province city.[61]

Hainan

Located in the sunny, southern vacation spot of Hainan island and built in 1958, Hainan Island Test Grounds is an auto testing site that includes a test track.[33] FAW Hainan Automobile Co Ltd operates FAW's southernmost production facility here.[33]

A production base on the island manufactures license-built Mazdas.

Harbin

A planned production base at the Aviation & Automobile Development Zone (Pingfang Development Zone) in the city of Harbin, Heilongjiang province, will see completion in December 2010 and produce light trucks.[60]

Pudong

FAW Jie Fang Truck Co Ltd has a production base in Pudong New Area.[32]

Tianjin

Plants No. 1, 2, and 3 in the city of Tianjin produce automobiles for the FAW-Toyota joint venture Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd.[68] Plant No. 1 is in Yangliuqing Town, Xiqing District,[68] and plants No. 2 and 3 are located in the Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone and began production in 2007.[68] Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd also has an engine plant in Tianjin.[69]

Qingdao

A FAW Jie Fang Truck Co Ltd medium, heavy, and severe-duty truck production base is located in Qingdao, Shandong province.[32]

Joint ventures

Chengdu Araco Automobile Trim Part Co Ltd

This joint venture with Japan's ARACO produces interior trim parts.[37]

Chengdu FAW Co Ltd

This subsidiary of FAW's joint venture with VW controls production bases in Chengdu, Sichuan province.[66]

FAWER Automotive Component Co Ltd

A joint venture operated by this company with American auto-parts maker Visteon, FAWER Visteon Climate Control System (Changchun) Co Ltd, produces air-conditioning units at a facility in the Changchun Automotive Development Zone and was established in 1995.[70]

FAW-Volkswagen Automobile Co Ltd
A VW Magotan (Passat B7) produced by FAW-Volkswagen

Established in 1991, this large-scale automobile manufacturer is a joint venture between FAW Group and Volkswagen AG which, as of 2003, have ownership stakes of 60% and 40%, respectively.[71] It manufactures Audi and Volkswagen-branded automobiles for sale in China.[72]

FAW Bharat Forging Co Ltd

A joint venture with India's Bharat Forge Ltd, it manufactures forged automotive components for passenger cars, buses, and commercial vehicles as well as forged products for the railway, mining, steel, and petroleum industries.[73]

FAW Huali (Tianjin) Automobile Co Ltd

A joint venture with Tianjin Automotive Industry (Group) Co Ltd that, since 2003,[74] has manufactured Daihatsu models sold under the brand name Dario.[29] As of 2008, it continues to produce Daihatsu models, has a 10,000 units per year production capacity, and is majority owned by FAW with a 75% ownership stake.[74]

FAW Toyota Motor Sales Co Ltd

This subsidiary company, as of 2007, sells products made by joint venture Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd in China through a network of 260 showrooms and is also responsible for after sales service of FAW-built Toyota and Daihatsu vehicles produced in China.[75]

FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co Ltd

Making engines at a 130,000 units/year capacity production base in the Changchun Economic and Technology Development Zone, this equally owned joint venture was established in 2004.[74]

FAW-GM Light Duty Commercial Vehicle Co Ltd

This joint venture with General Motors mainly produces Jie Fang light-duty trucks.[44]

GS Motors SA de CV

Possibly a joint venture with Grupo Salinas, it may manufacture and distribute cars in México and Latin America.

Guangzhou Toyota Motor Co

This joint venture with Toyota, as of 2007, has a passenger car production base in the Nansha Economic Development District of Guangzhou, Guangdong province.[76]

A Toyota Land Cruiser Prado produced by Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor
Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor Co

As of 2007, this joint venture with Toyota has a passenger car production base in the Chenghua District of Sichuan province and another in Changchun, Jilin province.[76] As of 2008, its 10,000 units/year capacity production base in Changchun makes the Toyota Prius and the Toyota Land Cruiser. The other production base it controls may make buses.[74]

Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd

Created in 2003,[58] this equally owned joint venture with Toyota, as of 2007, has one passenger vehicle production base in the Xiqing District of Tianjin[76] and two in the Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone.[58] As of 2008, it continues to control 3 production bases and manufactures several Toyota products including the Corolla and Vios. It has a total units per year production capacity of 470,000.[74]

Tianjin FAW Toyota Engine Co Ltd

This equally owned joint venture with Toyota makes engines at its production bases in the Xiqing District of Tianjin and at the Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone. Combined, both bases can produce 440,000 units annually.[74]

Wuhu FAW Yangzi Automobile Co Ltd

This joint venture with Yangzi Group and Wuhu Automotive Industry Company manufactures trucks, custom bus chassis, and medium-size buses.[77]

The FAW "winged 1" badge is derived from the Chinese 一汽 ("一" meaning "one" and "汽", from "汽車" meaning "automotive") and depicts a hawk spreading its wings.[17] The logo was introduced in 1964.[78]

Export sales

A FAW CA1031 truck in Russia

While primarily manufacturing products for sale in its home market, FAW has exported to many countries beginning in 1957 with the sale of three commercial trucks to a businessperson in Jordan.[11]

FAW has had customers in more than 80 countries throughout the life of the company.[4] Nations it has exported products to include Egypt,[79] Iraq,[80] Kenya,[80] Mexico,[81] Myanmar,[82] Pakistan,[80] Russia,[50] South Africa,[83] and Uruguay.[51]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "徐留平任一汽董事长 徐平任中国兵器装备集团董事长". China News Service. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  2. ↑ "Executives". FAW Group Corporation. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  3. ↑ "Financial Data". FAW Group Corporation. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  4. 1 2 3 FAW Today FAW's 50th Anniversary Brochure
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 About FAW Profile FAW Official Site
  6. ↑ Products Components & Parts FAW Official Site
  7. ↑ Key Events, May 21, 1958/Aug. 1, 1958 FAW Official site
  8. ↑ New policy to encourage China's carmaker consolidation xinhuanet.com, 2010-02-22 10:27:20
  9. ↑ "2014年11月汽车分车型前十家生产企业销量排名". caam.org.cn. China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM). 12 December 2014. Archived from the original on 13 December 2014. Retrieved 13 December 2014.
  10. 1 2 FAW Group Steps up Global Expansion FAW Official Site, Mar 27, 2007
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 About FAW > Key Events FAW Official Site
  12. ↑ Richter, Frank-Jürgen (2000). The dragon millennium: Chinese business in the coming world economy. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 70. ISBN 9781567203530.
  13. ↑ For pre-existing industrial base, see Thun, Eric (2006). Changing lanes in China: foreign direct investment, local government, and auto sector development. Cambridge University Press. p. 102. ISBN 9780521843829.
  14. 1 2 The home team economist.com, Nov 13th 2008
  15. ↑ Chinese public revved up over BMW, Benz on gov't car list xinhuanet.com, 2009-06-13
  16. ↑ SHIROUZU, NORIHIKO (June 7, 2011), "Chinese Begin Volvo Overhaul", Wall Street Journal, retrieved June 9, 2011
  17. 1 2 About FAW > Corporate Trademark FAW Official Site
  18. ↑ Theme and variations economist.com, Nov 13th 2008
  19. ↑
  20. ↑ World of Cars 2006·2007. Warsaw, Poland: Media Connection Sp. z o.o. 2006. p. 232.
  21. ↑ Anil K. Gupta, Toshiro Wakayama, Srini Rangan (2012). Global Strategies for Emerging Asia. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 9781118217979.
  22. ↑ GM, China FAW Set Up Commercial-Vehicle Joint Venture Bloomberg.com, August 30, 2009
  23. ↑
  24. ↑
  25. ↑ 2011年前十家乘用车生产企业销量排名. China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM). 2012-01-20. Archived from the original on 2012-08-20.
  26. 1 2 "2012年12月分车型前十家生产企业销量排名". China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM). 14 January 2013. Archived from the original on January 15, 2013. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
  27. ↑ About FAW > Key Events FAW Official Site
  28. ↑ Besturn B90 Sedan spotted out testing chinacartimes.com, October 27, 2010
  29. 1 2 3 4 Page 33 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  30. ↑ Home > About US > History FAW Jilin official site
  31. 1 2 "Short Torque". China Daily. 2011-11-28.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 Page 34 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  33. 1 2 3 4 Page 40 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  34. 1 2 Page 32 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  35. ↑ "Strife between FAW and Changan intensifies as Mazda 8 rolls off assembly line." globaltimes.cn, December 02 2010
  36. ↑ Page 26 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  37. 1 2 3 Page 38 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  38. ↑ Page 31 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  39. 1 2 Deutz (Dalian) Engine Starts Operation FAW Official Site, Sep 18, 2007
  40. 1 2 Page 17 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  41. ↑ Page 19 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  42. ↑ Page 18 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  43. ↑ Page 12 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  44. 1 2 "FAW-GM Increases Capacity, Having No Plan to Introduce GMC Yet". ChinaAutoWeb.com.
  45. 1 2 3 "GM, China FAW set light-truck, van joint venture". marketwatch.com. MarketWatch. 30 August 2009. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
  46. ↑ Page 13 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  47. ↑ World of Cars 2006·2007. Warsaw, Poland: Media Connection Sp. z o.o. 2006. p. 235.
  48. ↑ Page 39 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  49. 1 2 FAW's Xiali Division Launches New C1 Hatchback in Russia FAW Official Site, Jun 11, 2007
  50. 1 2 FAW Group Tapping Russian Market FAW Official Site, Mar 28, 2007
  51. 1 2 FAW Exported Mini Vans to Uruguay FAW Official Site, Jan 22, 2008
  52. ↑ World of Cars 2006·2007. Warsaw, Poland: Media Connection Sp. z o.o. 2006. pp. 231–232.
  53. ↑ "Daihatsu to Dissolve its Joint Business for Body Parts Manufacturer in Jilin City, China". Daihatsu Motor Co. Ltd. 2010-01-07. Retrieved 2011-01-12.
  54. 1 2 3 Page 9 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  55. ↑ Page 14 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  56. 1 2 Page 25 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  57. 1 2 Page 16 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  58. 1 2 3 Home > About Us > Company Introduction > TOYOTA Motor Co., LTD. Tianjin Xiali Official Site
  59. 1 2 Page 15 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  60. 1 2 3 FAW Initiates 100,000-unit Light Truck Engineering Project in Harbin FAW Official Site, Jun 4, 2009
  61. 1 2 Ready consumer cash fueling robust sales chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-10-25
  62. 1 2 FAW Builds up Dalian New-energy Bus Plant FAW Official Site, Jun 24, 2009
  63. ↑ Innovation FAW Official Site
  64. ↑
  65. ↑ Sichuan FAW-Toyota Relocates Chengdu Plant FAW Official Site, Jul 16, 2008
  66. 1 2 FAW-Volkswagen Takes over Chengdu FAW FAW Official Site, Mar 30, 2009
  67. ↑ FAW Group and VW AG Joint to Build up New Chengdu Plant FAW Official Site, May 12, 2009
  68. 1 2 3 Home > About Us > Company Introduction > TOYOTA Motor Co., LTD. Tianjin FAW Toyota Official Site
  69. ↑ Tianjin FAW Toyota to Launch New Engine Plant FAW Official Site, Apr 20, 2007
  70. ↑ "FAWER Visteon Expands Automotive Climate Systems Manufacturing Operation in Changchun, China". Visteon Corp. 22 June 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
  71. ↑ Page 21 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  72. ↑ Page 23 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  73. ↑ About FAW > Key Events FAW Official Site
  74. 1 2 3 4 5 6 FAW Group (2008). "FAW Toyota". Retrieved 1 May 2011.
  75. ↑ Tianjin FAW Toyota Launches New Plant and Corolla FAW Official Site, May 30, 2007
  76. 1 2 3 Toyota Motor China Investment Co. By: Treece, James B. Automotive News, 5/14/2007 Supplement, Vol. 81
  77. ↑ Page 37 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  78. ↑ About FAW > Key Events FAW Official Site
  79. ↑ New China-made Cars Launch at Egypt Market FAW Official Site, Jul 3, 2009
  80. 1 2 3 FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
  81. ↑ FAW Exports 920 Xiali cars to Mexico FAW Official Site, Jun 25, 2009
  82. ↑ "CHINA: SUSTAINING CONFLICT AND HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES: THE FLOW OF ARMS CONTINUES". www.amnesty.org. 10 June 2006. Retrieved 2017-02-26.
  83. ↑ FAW¡¯s Jiefang Brand Cement Mixers Popular in South Africa FAW Official Site, Jun 14, 2007
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.