China 3 lychee

China 3 lychee
Genus Litchi
Species Litchi chinensis
Cultivar China-3
Origin China[1]

China 3 is a variety of lychee fruit, belonging to the family Sapindaceae and sub-family Nepheleae. This variety is one of the best grown in tropical south Asia.[2] The trees are only about 5 to 6 m tall with relatively smaller leaves. Bearing is regular if proper management and care is taken, otherwise they show an irregular bearing habit. China-3 was found to perform satisfactorily in other areas, except where rain starts earlier.

It is a late variety and fruits ripen in the last week of June. The average yield is 124 kg per tree. The round fruit is bigger with attractive red, orange skin colour. Pulp is creamy white, soft and juicy.[1]

Description

Blossom
China-3 lychee tree's blossom
inflorescence
Close-up of the inflorescence and immature fruits of an 'China-3' lychee tree

China 3[3][4] is a variety of lychee fruit. Belongs to the family Sapindaceae and sub-family Nepheleae. Scientists have developed different varieties of lychees and this is one of the best varieties extensively grow well in tropical Indian subcontinent.[2][5] China-3 presented in the 1950s, are currently developed effectively in diverse parts of Bangladesh.[6] The trees attain an average height of 5 to 6 m with relatively smaller leaves. Bearing is regular if proper management and care is taken, otherwise they show an irregular bearing habit.

China-3 was found to perform satisfactorily in other areas, except where rain starts earlier.[7] This is a late variety and fruits ripen in the last week of June. The average yield of 124 kg per each tree. However, on a regular basis does not bear fruit. The fruit size of china-3 is bigger with attractive skin colour.[8] Fruits are globose, with a mixture of red, orange and patches of green colour. Average weight of fruit is 25 g. Pulp is creamy white, soft and juicy. TSS 18 percent, seed small, pulp:seed ratio 15:1.[8]

Cultivation

The planting of China-3 lychee is generally done during June–July, i.e. during the rainy season, but the best planting time is May–June when the weather is humid but not too wet or too dry. Planting may also be done after the rainy season, i.e. August–September, but regular irrigation is required for better establishment of the orchard. In old orchards lychee trees were planted 10–12 m apart both ways, i.e. in rows and between plants in rows.[9] The spacing of 10 m is found to be adequate in areas where the soil is deep loam and fertile and when necessary care is taken during the initial stage of cultivation. In other areas 7–8 m distance was found to be sufficient. At present high density plantation has also started. In the case of high density planting the spacing is 4 m x 4 m.[8]

Harvest

Fruit quality of china-3 is the best among the available land races, the vast majority of which are harsh in taste with low pulp:stone proportion. The recently released BARI Lichu-3 resembles China-3 in size, shape, quality and taste, but is yet to be distributed to the Farmers. The yield of china-3 lychee in Bangladesh is as good as in India, but the national average yield of lychee is far less and it can be increased substantially.[8]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 চায়না-৩ লিচুর বৈশিষ্ট্য [Features of China-3 Lychee]. dinajpur.gov.bd (in Beengali). Dinajpur District, Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 29 October 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  2. 1 2 Mitra, S. K. (2003). "Overview of lychee production in the Asia-Pacific Region". Professor, Department of Fruits and Orchard Management, Faculty of Horticulture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. West Bengal, India: Office for Asia and the Pacific. Archived from the original on May 5, 2003. Retrieved May 1, 2017.
  3. ↑ Hossain, Tanvir (June 15, 2015). China 3 lychee (MP4). Bogra District, Bangladesh: Youtube. 3.32 minutes in. Archived from the original on February 8, 2017. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
  4. ↑ চায়না ৩ [China 3]. Jeeon (in Bengali). Retrieved 7 October 2016.
  5. ↑ Isaiah Tripland, Heaven. "Lychee Delicacy". Daily Sun. Archived from the original on 11 March 2017. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
  6. ↑ Uddin, Nasir (November 25, 2015). "Litchi Production in Bangladesh". Koromcha. Retrieved May 2, 2017.
  7. ↑ Akter, R. (2015). Economic Study on Litchi Production in Selected Areas of Dinajpur District, MS Ag. Econ. Thesis, submitted to the Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Siddiqui, S. B. M. Abu Baker (29 August 2002). "Lychee Production in Bangladesh". National Project Director, Integrated Horticulture and Nutrition Development Project (BGD/97/041). Food and Agriculture Organization. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Regional office for Asia and the pacific, Bangkok, Thailand. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved May 13, 2013.
  9. ↑ উন্নত জাতের লিচু চাষ [Advanced varieties of litchi cultivation]. National Infokosh (in Bengali). 17 November 2013. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
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